Bismuth vanadate

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Bismuth vanadate
A fine yellow powder
Names
Other names
Bismuth orthovanadate, Pigment yellow 184
Identifiers
3D model (
JSmol
)
ECHA InfoCard
 100.034.439 Edit this at Wikidata
EC Number
  • 237-898-0
  • InChI=1S/Bi.4O.V/q+3;4*-2;
    Key: HUUOUJVWIOKBMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N
  • [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[V].[Bi+3]
Properties
BiO4V
Molar mass 323.918 g·mol−1
Appearance bright yellow solid
Odor odorless
Density 6.25 g/cm3
Melting point 500 °C (932 °F; 773 K)
insoluble
Solubility soluble in acid
2.45
Hazards
GHS labelling:
GHS08: Health hazard
Warning
H373
P260, P314, P501
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)
NFPA 704 four-colored diamondHealth 2: Intense or continued but not chronic exposure could cause temporary incapacitation or possible residual injury. E.g. chloroformFlammability 0: Will not burn. E.g. waterInstability 1: Normally stable, but can become unstable at elevated temperatures and pressures. E.g. calciumSpecial hazards (white): no code
2
0
1
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).

Bismuth vanadate is the

metal oxide. Bismuth vanadate is also known under the Colour Index International as C.I. Pigment Yellow 184.[2]
It occurs naturally as the rare minerals pucherite, clinobisvanite, and dreyerite.

History and uses

Bismuth vanadate is a bright yellow powder and may have a slight green tint. When used as a pigment it has a high Chroma and excellent hiding power. In nature, bismuth vanadate can be found as the mineral pucherite, clinobisvanite, and dreyerite depending on the particular polymorph formed. Its synthesis was first recorded in a pharmaceutical patent in 1924 and began to be used readily as a pigment in the mid-1980s. Today it is manufactured across the world for pigment use.[2]

Properties

Most commercial bismuth vanadate pigments are based on

tetragonal (dreyerite) structures though in the past two phase systems involving a 4:3 relationship between bismuth vanadate and bismuth molybdate (Bi2MoO6) have been used.[3]

As a photocatalyst

BiVO4 has received much attention as a photocatalyst for water splitting and for remediation.[4] In the monoclinic phase, BiVO4 is an n-type photoactive semiconductor with a bandgap of 2.4 eV, which has been investigated for water splitting after doping with W and Mo.[3] BiVO4 photoanodes have demonstrated record solar-to-hydrogen (STH) conversion efficiencies of 5.2% for flat films[5][6] and 8.2% for WO3@BiVO4 core-shell nanorods[7][8][9] (highest for metal-oxide photo-electrode) with the advantage of a very simple and cheap material.

Production

While most CICPs are formed exclusively through high temperature calcination, bismuth vanadate can be formed from a series of pH controlled precipitation reactions. These reactions can be carried out with or without the presence of molybdenum depending on the desired final phase. It is also possible to start with the parent oxides (Bi2O3 and V2O5) and perform a high temperature calcination to achieve a pure product.[10]

References

  1. doi:10.1039/C4EE03271C
    .
  2. ^ a b B. Gunter "Inorganic Colored Pigments” in Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, Wiley-VCH, Weinheim, 2012.
  3. ^
    S2CID 119875801
    .
  4. S2CID 181633505
    .
  5. PMID 25138735
    .
  6. PMID 23893238
    .
  7. PMID 26053164
    .
  8. S2CID 125395272
    .
  9. S2CID 139703154
    .
  10. ^ Sulivan, R. European Patent Application 91810033.0, 1991.
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