Bismuth trifluoride
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Names | |
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IUPAC name
Bismuth(III) fluoride
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Other names
Bismuth trifluoride
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Identifiers | |
3D model (
JSmol ) |
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ChemSpider | |
ECHA InfoCard
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100.029.204 |
EC Number |
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PubChem CID
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UNII | |
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)
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Properties | |
BiF3 | |
Molar mass | 265.97550 g/mol |
Appearance | grey-white powder |
Density | 5.32 g cm−3[1] |
Melting point | 649˚C[2] |
Insoluble in water[1] | |
-61.0·10−6 cm3/mol | |
Structure | |
Orthorhombic, oP16 , SpaceGroup = Pnma, No. 62 (β phase)
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Hazards | |
Occupational safety and health (OHS/OSH): | |
Main hazards
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Irritant |
GHS labelling: | |
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Danger | |
H314 | |
P260, P264, P280, P301+P330+P331, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P310, P321, P363, P405, P501 | |
NFPA 704 (fire diamond) | |
Related compounds | |
Other anions
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Bismuth chloride |
Other cations
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Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Bismuth(III) fluoride or bismuth trifluoride is a chemical compound of bismuth and fluorine. The chemical formula is BiF3. It is a grey-white powder melting at 649 °C.
It occurs in nature as the rare mineral gananite.
Synthesis
Bismuth fluoride can be prepared by reacting bismuth(III) oxide with hydrofluoric acid:[2]
- Bi2O3 + 6 HF → 2 BiF3 + 3 H2O
Structure
α-BiF3 has a cubic crystalline structure (
β-BiF3 has the YF3 structure where the bismuth atom has distorted 9 coordination, tricapped trigonal prism.[6] This structure is generally considered to be ionic, and contrasts with fluorides of the lighter members of group 15, phosphorus trifluoride, PF3, arsenic trifluoride, AsF3 and antimony trifluoride, SbF3, where MX3 molecular units are present in the solid.[6]
Reactions
BiF3 is unaffected by water and is almost insoluble. It does not form complexes readily but the following, BiF3.3HF and BiF4− in NH4BiF4, are known. The addition compound H3BiF6 is hydrolysed by water forming BiOF.[7]
Uses
BiF3 has received research attention as a possible electrode material for lithium batteries and as a luminescence host material for lanthanum-doped phosphors.[8]
References
- ^ a b http://www.alfa.com/content/msds/english/11844.pdf [dead link]
- ^ ISBN 978-0-08-037941-8.
- ^ De Graef, Marc; McHenry, Michael (eds.), "Appendix 1. Crystal Structure Descriptions", The Structure of Materials, Cambridge University Press, A1-2, A1-11
- ^ a b c Galasso, Francis S. (1970), Structure and Properties of Inorganic Solids: International Series of Monographs in Solid State Physics, Pergammon Press, 3.5. BiF3, DO3, Fm3m, Cubic. pp. 50–51
- ISBN 978-3-540-72599-2
- ^ ISBN 0-19-855370-6
- ISBN 978-0-7514-0389-3.
- S2CID 139879224.