Boletus subvelutipes

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Boletus subvelutipes
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Fungi
Division: Basidiomycota
Class: Agaricomycetes
Order: Boletales
Family: Boletaceae
Genus: Boletus
Species:
B. subvelutipes
Binomial name
Boletus subvelutipes
Peck (1889)
Synonyms[2][3]

Suillus subveluptipes Kuntze (1898)
Suillellus subvelutipes (Peck)

Murrill (1948)[1]

Boletus subvelutipes
mycorrhizal
Edibility is poisonous

Boletus subvelutipes, commonly known as the red-mouth bolete, is a

poisonous, causing gastroenteritis
if consumed.

Taxonomy

The species was originally described by American mycologist Charles Horton Peck in 1889 from specimens collected in Saratoga, New York.[4] In 1947

William Alphonso Murrill in 1948.[2]

The mushroom is commonly known as the "red-mouth bolete".[6] In his original description, Peck called it the "velvety-stemmed bolete".[4]

Description

Pore surface of a young specimen
There are reddish hairs at the stem base.

The cap is initially convex, but flattens out as it matures, attaining a diameter of 6–13 cm (2.4–5.1 in) wide. The cap surface is dry, with a velvet-like texture when young, sometimes developing cracks in maturity. The cap color ranges from cinnamon-brown to yellow-brown to reddish brown or reddish orange to orange-yellow. The bright yellow flesh has no distinctive taste or odor, and a taste ranging from mild to slightly acidic. The pore surface on the underside of the cap is variably colored: in young specimens, this ranges from red to brownish red to dark maroon-red, or red-orange to orange; the color fades in older individuals. The circular pores number about 2 per millimeter, and the tubes comprising the hymenophore are 8–26 mm (0.3–1.0 in) deep. The stem is 3–10 cm (1.2–3.9 in) long by 1–2 cm (0.4–0.8 in) thick, and nearly equal in width throughout its length. It is solid (i.e., not hollow) with a furfuraceous surface (appearing to be covered in bran-like particles), and mature individuals usually have short, stiff hairs at the base. All parts of the mushroom–cap, pore surface, flesh, and stipe–will quickly stain to dark blue if injured or cut.[6]

Boletus subvelutipes produces a dark olive-brown spore print. Spores are roughly spindle-shaped to somewhat swollen in the middle, smooth, and measure 13–18 by 5–6.5 μm.[6]

The fruit bodies are

poisonous, causing gastroenteritis if consumed.[6] The mushrooms however can be used in mushroom dyeing to produce beige or light brown colors, depending on the mordant used.[7]

Similar species

Gansu Province of China, is similar in appearance to B. subvelutipes. The Chinese species can be distinguished by longer and narrower spores measuring 12.0–15.5 by 6.0–7.0 μm, smaller fruit bodies with a cap diameter of 6–8 cm (2.4–3.1 in) and shorter tubes up to 1.2 cm (0.5 in) deep.[8]

Habitat and distribution

The fruit bodies of Boletus subvelutipes grow on the ground singly, scattered, or in groups. A

methyl mercaptan, one of the main odiferous compounds associated with bad breath.[9] This ability is conferred largely by the pigment variegatic acid.[10]

In North America, its

distribution includes eastern Canada and extends south to Florida and west to Minnesota.[6] It is also in Mexico.[11] In Asia, it has also been found in the central highlands of Taiwan[12] and in Japan.[9]

See also

References

  1. ^ Murrill WA. (1948). "Florida boletes". Lloydia. 11: 21–35.
  2. ^ a b "Boletus subvelutipes Peck 1889". MycoBank. International Mycological Association. Retrieved 2012-10-10.
  3. ^ a b Smith AH, Thiers HD (1971). The Boletes of Michigan. Ann Arbor, Michigan: University of Michigan Press. pp. 357–60.
  4. ^ a b Peck CH. (1889). "Boleti of the United States" (PDF). Bulletin of the New York State Museum. 2 (8): 142.[permanent dead link]
  5. JSTOR 2421647
    .
  6. ^
    ISBN 978-0-8156-0588-1
    .
  7. ISBN 0-8156-0680-X
    .
  8. ^ Wang QB, Li TH, Yao YJ (2003). "A new species of Boletus from Gansu Province, China". Mycotaxon. 88: 439–46.
  9. ^
    PMID 11714352
    .
  10. doi:10.3136/fstr.6.186
    .
  11. ISSN 0187-3180
    .
  12. ISSN 0372-333X
    .

External links
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