Callithrix

Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
Not to be confused with Callitris or Calytrix, two genera of plants native to Australia and New Caledonia.

Callithrix[1][2]
Common marmoset
(Callithrix jacchus)
CITES Appendix I (CITES)
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Mammalia
Order: Primates
Suborder: Haplorhini
Infraorder: Simiiformes
Family: Callitrichidae
Genus: Callithrix
Erxleben, 1777
Type species
Simia jacchus
, 1758
Species

6; see text

Synonyms
  • Anthopithecus F. Cuvier, 1829
  • Arctopithecus G. Cuvier, 1819
  • Hapale Illiger, 1811
  • Hapales F. Cuvier, 1829
  • Harpale Gray, 1821
  • Iacchus Spix, 1823
  • Jacchus É. Geoffroy, 1812
  • Midas É. Geoffroy, 1828
  • Ouistitis Burnett, 1826
  • Sagoin Desmarest, 1804
  • Sagoinus Kerr, 1792
  • Sagouin Lacépède, 1799
  • Saguin Fischer, 1803

Callithrix is a genus of New World monkeys of the family Callitrichidae, the family containing marmosets and tamarins. The genus contains the Atlantic Forest marmosets. The name Callithrix is derived from the Greek words kallos, meaning beautiful, and thrix, meaning hair.

Taxonomy

The genera

canine teeth, which are used for gouging holes in trees to extract exudates.[5]

Some authorities, including Rosenberger (1981), believe that the

Cebuella, should be included within Callithrix on the basis of genetic studies, although Cebuella is significantly smaller than Callithrix.[2][4]

In general, Callithrix and Mico species tend to form larger groups and live within smaller home ranges, thus live in higher population densities, than other callitrichids, but these statistics can vary dramatically among various Callithrix species. C. jacchus and C. pencillata typically have home territories less than 10 hectares, while other Callithrix species tend to have larger home territories.[4]

Species

The genus includes these species:

Image Scientific name Common name Distribution
Callithrix jacchus
 Common marmoset Brazil, in the states of Piaui, Paraiba, Ceará, Rio Grande do Norte, Pernambuco, Alagoas and Bahia.
Callithrix penicillata
 Black-tufted marmoset Brazil from Bahia to Paraná
Callithrix kuhlii
 Wied's marmoset eastern Brazil
Callithrix geoffroyi
 White-headed marmoset eastern Brazil
Callithrix flaviceps
 Buffy-headed marmoset Brazil from southern Espírito Santo and possibly northern Rio de Janeiro and its distribution extends into Minas Gerais
Callithrix aurita
 Buffy-tufted marmoset southeast Brazil

Ecology

Exudates, such as gum and sap, fruit, nectar, and fungi make up the bulk of Callthrix species' diet, but they also eat animal prey such as

intestines also have an enlarged, complex cecum that allows them to digest gums more efficiently than most other animals. The ability of Callithrix species to feed on exudates allows them to survive in areas where fruit is highly seasonal or not readily available. Some species, such as C. jacchus and C. pencillata, have been known to inhabit city parks, backyards, and coconut plantations.[4]

Breeding

Callithrix females generally give birth to two, and sometimes more infants at a time. They can

ovulate and conceive within 2-4 weeks after giving birth, and ovulation is not inhibited by lactation. Polygyny is known to occur in several Callithrix species. Infanticide is also known to occur, at least within C. jacchus, in which the dominant female kills the offspring of a subordinate female. Females generally reach sexual maturity between 12 and 17 months, and males between 15 and 25 months.[4]

References

  1. OCLC 62265494
    .
  2. ^
    ISBN 978-0-387-78704-6
    .
  3. OCLC 62265494
    .
  4. ^
    ISBN 978-0-19-517133-4
    .
  5. ISBN 0-9648825-0-7
    .
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Callithrix&oldid=1193968263"