Catatonia (band)
Catatonia | |
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Catatonia were an
Pegg was fired prior to work on their first studio album,
The follow-up release, "
Matthews' drinking had long been reported in the tabloids and gossip columns, and she entered rehab in mid-2001 for drinking and smoking. The tour to support Paper Scissors Stone was cancelled, and a month later, the band announced that they were breaking up. Matthews has subsequently released solo albums, while Powell has become a radio presenter and joined the supergroup The Stand to release a charity single. Critics have highlighted the use of metaphors in Catatonia's work, and songs have been compared to poetry by critics.[3] Writing duties had been shared across the band, although had been led by Matthews and Roberts. They disagreed with being labelled an indie band, with Powell saying they had only ever sought to write pop music. The band form a key part of the 1990s Cool Cymru movement.
History
Formation (1992)
The story that Catatonia were formed after
Roberts and Matthews routinely encountered Owen Powell during this time, who played guitar in the band Colour 45. Both bands entered a band competition to play at the Cardiff Bay Music Fiesta, and while Colour 45 came tenth and was given a place on the bill, Sweet Catatonia placed 45th. Roberts and Matthews hired a drummer, Stephen "Frog" Jenkins from the band U Thant, and continued to record bilingual Welsh/English tracks. The band began to play live, with Matthews and Roberts busking to support their income. They were spotted by the girlfriend of the lead singer of the band The Pooh Sticks, who thought that Matthews would make a good female voice for the group. But after seeing Sweet Catatonia perform, the band members did not agree and so Matthews remained with Catatonia. Further recordings were made, with Guto Pryce joining the trio. This session included the track "Gyda Gwen" which attracted the attention of Rhys Mwyn at Crai Records.[10]
The Crai EPs, "Whale", and "Bleed" (1993–95)
The band line up changed as they signed to Crai, with Jenkins and Pryce departing for other projects. Mwyn arranged for Matthews and Roberts to be joined by
Despite being signed to Crai, this was more as promoter than as a record label itself. It was only when Roberts suggested that Catatonia record some
They held their first London gigs in support of the EP, under the advice of George and The Pooh Sticks lead singer Huw Williams. After warm-up gigs in Cardiff and Birmingham, the London performance took place at the Samuel Beckett pub in Stoke Newington on 13 November 1993 alongside Anrehfn and Margi Clarke. Further Welsh radio and television appearances followed, as did an interview for NME. When George arrived for the interview, Matthews asked if he'd be interested in becoming the band's manager. He politely declined, saying that he did not have the experience.[18] On 19 and 20 February 1994, the band's follow-up EP, Hooked was recorded in Llandwrog, Gwynedd, and produced by Ken Nelson who they had met on Radio Wales. A performance was set up at the Falcon the Splash Club in London where several music executives were to be present. The band drove down from Cardiff in a Ford Transit with their equipment and then spent the afternoon drinking. Just prior to going out on stage, they began taking cocaine, the result of which was a terrible performance later lamented by Roberts. The trip became a sobering experience, as they made no money from it and were only paid £50 for a gig at Kingston University a day later. Matthews later recalled that they'd needed to borrow money from a fan to pay the toll on the Severn Bridge on the way back to Cardiff.[19]
The band returned to the Falcon, where they played a still shambolic, but better gig in front of record executives.[20] Meanwhile, George had put the band in touch with their first manager, Richard Lowe from MRM management.[21] They made further appearances on Welsh television to support the release of Hooked in May,[22] but another drunken performance followed, this time in Newport.[23] MRM sent them on a short tour in France during the second week of May, and then started their first UK wide support tour to the band Salad. When due to perform at the Cnapan Music Festival in Wales on 2 July, the band ran into some difficulties. The security team refused to let Matthews in as they did not recognise her. It was only after the intervention of one of the fans of the band, actor Rhys Ifans, that she was allowed in.[24]
Mwyn departed the band when the band's time with Crai came to an end, and a few weeks later MRM sought to remove Pegg, leaving it to Matthews to tell her. Pegg was upset, and refused to discuss it with journalists.
Way Beyond Blue (1996)
The band began work on a debut album, alongside producer Paul Sampson. Ieuan introduced Sampson to Aled Richards, who later replaced him as Catatonia's drummer when Ieuan left to join the Super Furry Animals.[29] The label wanted to market the band, and so at some expense, had photographer Gered Mankowitz conduct a photoshoot with Matthews. She, the band and their management all hated the photos, but the label wanted to use them in order not to write the cost off as a loss. In order to have some photos, a series of black and white photos of Matthews drinking a bottle of wine while wearing a Pepsi T-shirt were taken by one of the press agency staff. Warner Bros liked the images and authorised their use.[30] The band had a recording session at Sawmills Studios, Cornwall, which saw some disagreements during recording between Matthews and Roberts. Afterwards, Sampson was removed as producer following a row over the arrangement for "Sweet Catatonia".[31]
Music reviewers responded with surprise when the band began to perform live while sober. Meanwhile, the release of "Sweet Catatonia" as a single was pushed back to January 1996 due to the issues with finding a new producer.[32] The first time he[who?] met the band was when they arrived to record at the Maison Rouge Studios in London. They found working with him far easier than Sampson, as Matthews later explained that he took their ideas into account. Ieuan left during the recording of the album to join Super Furry Animals, and was subsequently replaced by Aled Richards. They returned to live performances after completing the recording of the album,[33] and decided to actively look for a second guitarist. They ultimately hired Colour 45's Owen Powell, who by this time was working as a music technician for the Super Furry Animals, to this role.[34]
As they prepared for the album, they released a special release for the Catatonia fanclub which had formed after "Bleed". Containing "Blow the Millenium, Blow" and "Beautiful Sailor", the
Catatonia began to get radio exposure with the single "
International Velvet (1997–98)
While Roberts sought to begin work on a second album, they began to tour with fellow Welsh band
As they worked on the album, Catatonia feared that they were about to be dropped by their record label, which they summed up in the song "That's All Folks". Further references to difficulties with Warner Bros were included in "I Am the Mob", but they preferred working with producer TommyD on the production than they had with those on Way Beyond Blue.[45] The first single off the album had intended to be "Mulder and Scully", but the label insisted that "I Am the Mob" was released instead. As with previous works, this was delayed, and Catatonia performed at festivals during the summer of 1997 while they waited for the release. They were booked for the Glastonbury Festival, but upon arriving they were told their spot had been cancelled.[46] Matthews continued to get the band mentioned in the gossip columns of newspapers due to her drunken behaviour.[16] One example followed an incident at a party celebrating the victory of the yes vote in the 1997 Welsh devolution referendum, as when asked how she felt about the result, she responded "What we want to know is who is going to shag Siân Lloyd?" Lloyd subsequently launched legal action, but accepted an apology from Matthews.[47]
The new album was further delayed as Warner Bros ordered the removal of the six-minute-long anti-Warner track "That's All Folks". Meanwhile, work continued on "I Am The Mob" with a video shoot directed by
"Mulder and Scully" launched them into the mainstream public consciousness when it was released on 19 January 1998.
Of the five singles released from the album, "
The title track of the album, "International Velvet", featuring the line "Every day when I wake up I thank the Lord I'm Welsh" and Welsh language verses, received additional attention from the media. Matthews explained in an interview that she wanted to turn to invert the idea of being Welsh from an apparent negative into a positive, "We're not seen to be very good at anything. Our football team is shit. The song is saying, despite all these things, I still wake up in the morning and thank the Lord that I'm Welsh. Hopefully, by now people realise that Wales is brimmed full of talent and we're great people with massive brains."[13] In front of 70,000 spectators, Catatonia performed "International Velvet" at the opening ceremony of the 1999 Rugby World Cup in the Millennium Stadium in Cardiff.[61] The album became the first to be released for Catatonia in the United States, but failed to chart. The Washington Post called it "overlooked".[62]
Equally Cursed and Blessed (1999–2000)
Following the success of International Velvet, and the heavy touring that followed, the band were pleased to return to the Monnow Valley Studio to record a third studio album.[63] On the recommendation of TommyD, the band had been recording sample tracks onto a DPS12 hard disk recorder in their tour bus while on an American tour and they returned to Monnow Valley to record them properly.[64] The band felt less pressure on them for the new album, due to the success of International Velvet and because they no longer feared being dropped by the label.[65]
In January 1999, the band announced their new album,
In May, they played two outdoor concerts at the Llangollen International Pavilion in front of 6,000 people on successive days.[68] This was a warm up to their largest concert so far, held at Margam Country Park near Port Talbot. Guitarist Powell stated the importance of the Llangollen performances, as North Wales was the first place where the crowd had sung along to their songs. Matthews added that Margam Park was chosen as no-one had ever held a concert there before.[69]
Catatonia supported
The band attempted to break into the United States once more with Equally Cursed and Blessed. The album release included two tracks from International Velvet, including "Road Rage".[73] They had been scheduled to make appearances on American television shows such as The Tonight Show with Jay Leno and conduct interviews with the media. But after drummer Richards was taken to hospital in the UK with appendicitis, it was abandoned and the rest of the band returned to the UK. Richards had remained in the UK and was due to join them a day and a half later. Rumours began to appear in the press that the band was about to break up, but a band spokesman stated that the intention was to return to the States later in the year.[74] Performances did take place in Japan, Australia and New Zealand.[75]
Paper Scissors Stone and dissolution (2001)
The band took a break from performing live between the
Catatonia went on to headline the NME stage at the
The media reported that Matthews entered drug rehabilitation for drinking and smoking in mid-2001, with the singer stating that she was also suffering from depression.[81] As a result, the tour to support Paper Scissors Stone was cancelled at the start of August. At the time this was because Matthews had not yet finished her "ongoing treatment for anxiety and exhaustion".[82] It was suggested that the band might split up in August, which was dismissed as "rubbish" by Catatonia. However, on 21 September it was announced that they were breaking up with the record label releasing a statement which said "Their decision has been made entirely amicably, and there are no details at present as to their future plan".[81]
Tributes came in for the band from a variety of sources, with BBC Radio 1 presenter Huw Stephens describing them as "international superstars", and adding "I always thought they were one of the best Welsh bands. They were not just a throwaway pop band – they had real, meaningful songs." Iestyn George, editor of the magazine Maxim at the time, praised the influence that Matthews had through Catatonia in the later 1990s, saying that "Around 1998 and 1999, Cerys was in the papers every other day". He also referenced that she had never intended this role as Catatonia had thought that they had already peaked prior to International Velvet.[81]
Post-dissolution (2002–present)
Matthews went on to release her first solo album,
On 17 April 2020, during the COVID-19 pandemic, Matthews confirmed[88] that Catatonia were aiming to take part in a #timslisteningparty for International Velvet. A date was announced, but postponed due to an unspecified problem with either Matthews' or Roberts's internet connection. The party remained on timstwitterlisteningparty.com as an upcoming event until the autumn of 2020, when all reference to it was removed. Matthews did appear as a guest on Tim Burgess' Listening Party radio show on Absolute Radio in 2023, where the album was played in its entirety, marking its 25th anniversary.
On 3 June 2023, Matthews announced on Twitter that a new retrospective collection of music titled Make Hay Not War: The Blanco Y Negro Years would be released by Cherry Red Records. [89]
Side projects and collaborations
While working on International Velvet, Matthews was approached by Tommy Scott of the Liverpool-based band Space to perform on the single duet "The Ballad of Tom Jones". They had met while on tour two years prior and had kept in touch. She joined them on tour for several dates to sing the duet live. Matthews said of the song, "It's great. I feel like Nancy Sinatra because it's a superb ballad."[13] She went on to duet with Tom Jones on a single for his album Reload. It was a cover of the song "Baby, It's Cold Outside", which was released as a Christmas single in 1999.[90] She was credited as "Cerys from Catatonia".[91]
Musical style and influences
Matthews said that they did not have any particular influences in their music. However, she said that her family had always been singing along to BBC Radio 2. She held the ambition to have the band appear on Radio 2, as due to poor levels of radio reception in Wales they had been unable to listen to other stations. She attributed the style of Welsh music as never attempting to be cool as they would not have been aware of what was in fashion at the time. Catatonia frequently used metaphors in their songwriting, such as "Road Rage" which references emotional anger. The line "If it turns to blue, what are we going to do?" in the single "You've Got A Lot To Answer For" from Way Beyond Blue references a pregnancy test. Other works from International Velvet were compared to poetry by Katharine Viner in The Guardian.[3]
All members of the band were involved in the writing of songs, and there may have been more than one person's set of lyrics appearing in a single release. Powell said that "It's quite interesting to have two people's viewpoints within the same song. I'm not sure how many bands actually do that. In most bands, the guitarist writes the music and the singer writes the lyrics. We tend to share things out more evenly."
The style of music played by Catatonia changed slightly over time. An article in
Personnel
Members
|
|
Lineups
1992 | 1992 | 1992-1993 | 1993-1994 |
---|---|---|---|
|
|
|
|
1994-1996 | 1996 | 1996-2001 | |
|
|
|
Discography
Studio albums
Year | Details | Peak chart position | sales thresholds )
| ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
UK
[36] |
AUS [94] |
GER
[95] |
IRL [96] |
NZL
[97] | |||
1996 | Way Beyond Blue
|
32 | — | — | — | — |
|
1998 | International Velvet
|
1 | 27 | — | 39 | 32 | |
1999 | Equally Cursed and Blessed
|
1 | 48 | — | — | 28 |
|
2001 | Paper Scissors Stone
|
6 | — | 55 | 37 | — |
|
"—" denotes releases that did not chart. |
Compilation albums
Year | Details | Peak chart position | sales thresholds )
| ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
UK
[36] |
AUS [94] |
GER
[95] |
IRL [96] |
NZL
[97] | |||
1995 | The Sublime Magic of Catatonia
|
— | — | — | — | — | |
1999 | The Crai-EPs 1993/1994
|
— | — | — | — | — | |
2002 | Greatest Hits
|
24 | — | — | 43 | — | |
2006 | The Platinum Collection
|
— | — | — | — | — | |
2011 | Road Rage: The Best of Catatonia
|
— | — | — | — | — | |
2023 | Make Hay Not War: The Blanco Y Negro Years
|
— | — | — | — | — | |
"—" denotes releases that did not chart. |
EPs
Year | Details | Peak chart position | sales thresholds )
| ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
UK
[36] |
AUS [94] |
GER
[95] |
IRL [96] |
NZL
[97] | |||
1993 | For Tinkerbell
|
— | — | — | — | — | |
1994 | Hooked
|
— | — | — | — | — |
Singles
Year | Title | Peak chart positions | Album | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
AUS [94][100] |
IRL [101] |
NZL
[97] | |||||
1994 | Sep | "Whale" | — | — | — | — | Non-album single |
1995 | Jan | "Bleed" | 104 | — | — | — | |
1996 | Feb | "Sweet Catatonia" | 61 | — | — | — | Way Beyond Blue |
May | "Lost Cat" | 41 | — | — | — | ||
Sep | "You've Got a Lot to Answer For" | 35 | — | — | — | ||
Nov | "Bleed" (re-issue) | 46 | — | — | — | ||
1997 | Oct | "I Am the Mob" | 40 | — | — | — | International Velvet |
1998 | Jan | "Mulder and Scully" | 3 | — | 17 | — | |
May | " Road Rage "
|
5 | 40 | 29 | — | ||
Aug | "Strange Glue" | 11 | — | — | — | ||
Nov | "Game On" | 33 | — | — | — | ||
1999 | Mar | "Dead from the Waist Down" | 7 | 56 | — | 44 | Equally Cursed and Blessed |
Jul | " Londinium "
|
20 | 66 | — | — | ||
Nov | "Karaoke Queen" | 36 | — | — | — | ||
2001 | Jul | " Stone by Stone "
|
19 | — | — | — | Paper Scissors Stone |
"—" denotes releases that did not chart. |
Promotional releases
- Christmas '95 (1995, fan club vinyl record)
- Tourist EP (1996, Japan EP)
- A's & B's of Catatonia (1998, Promo EP)
- Storm the Palace EP (2000, Japan EP)
Notes
- ISBN 0-7546-5898-8, p. 190.
- ^ "Britpop: 25 years ago today Britain taught the world to play guitar". The Independent. 25 January 2020.
- ^ a b Viner, Kartherine (6 March 1999). "Alive outside the M25". The Guardian. Retrieved 2 April 2016.
- ^ Owens 2000, p. 34.
- ^ Roberts, Andy (20 May 2009). "Cool to be Cerys once more". BBC South East Wales. Retrieved 2 April 2016.
- ^ Owens 2000, p. 35.
- ^ Owens 2000, p. 41.
- ^ a b Grogan, Siobhan (19 May 2003). "The Good Life". The Guardian. London. Retrieved 28 April 2010.
- ^ Owens 2000, p. 42.
- ^ Owens 2000, pp. 43–47.
- ^ Owens 2000, pp. 49–51.
- ^ a b Owens 2000, p. 53.
- ^ a b c d Dingwall, John (30 January 1998). "Tomboy Jones". Daily Record. Archived from the original on 4 May 2016. Retrieved 2 April 2016 – via HighBeam Research.
- ^ Owens 2000, p. 54.
- ^ Bychawski, Adam (20 October 1998). "More Road Rage". NME. Retrieved 2 April 2016.
- ^ a b c Buckley 2003, p. 179.
- ^ Owens 2000, p. 56.
- ^ Owens 2000, pp. 57–60.
- ^ Owens 2000, pp. 69–71.
- ^ Owens 2000, p. 73.
- ^ Owens 2000, p. 77.
- ^ Owens 2000, p. 79.
- ^ Owens 2000, p. 81.
- ^ Owens 2000, pp. 85–86.
- ^ Owens 2000, pp. 89–91.
- ^ Owens 2000, pp. 93–96.
- ^ Owens 2000, p. 102.
- ^ Owens 2000, pp. 107–110.
- ^ Owens 2000, p. 111.
- ^ Owens 2000, pp. 116–117.
- ^ Owens 2000, pp. 119–121.
- ^ Owens 2000, pp. 122–123.
- ^ Owens 2000, pp. 125–127.
- ^ Owens 2000, p. 128.
- ^ Owens 2000, pp. 132–134.
- ^ a b c d e f g "Catatonia". The Official Charts Company. Retrieved 19 April 2016.
- ^ Owens 2000, p. 137.
- ^ Owens 2000, p. 144.
- ^ Owens 2000, pp. 147–149.
- ^ Owens 2000, p. 152.
- ^ Owens 2000, p. 157.
- ^ "Label misses chance to distribute hit song". The New York Times. 14 August 1998. Retrieved 2 April 2016.
- ^ Owens 2000, pp. 162–163.
- ^ Owens 2000, pp. 167–169.
- ^ Owens 2000, p. 176-178.
- ^ Owens 2000, p. 180.
- ^ "TV Sian in storm at sex 'slur'". Daily Mirror. 27 September 1997. Archived from the original on 4 May 2016. Retrieved 2 April 2016 – via HighBeam Research.
- ^ Owens 2000, p. 183.
- ^ Owens 2000, pp. 186–187.
- ^ Owens 2000, p. 189.
- ^ "Cerys Matthews: Rise of a Star". Europe Intelligence Wire. 22 September 2002. Retrieved 28 June 2012.
- ^ Owens 2000, p. 193.
- ^ a b c d e "Catatonia". BBC Wales. Retrieved 2 April 2016.
- ^ "Certified Awards – Certification Levels". BPI. Archived from the original on 24 January 2013. Retrieved 2 April 2016.
- ^ "Albums of the Year: 1998". Mercury Prize. Archived from the original on 15 September 2013. Retrieved 29 July 2013.
- ^ "Mercury Rising: Gomez Win '98 Album Prize". NME. 17 August 1998. Retrieved 2 April 2016.
- ^ Wright, Matthew (17 February 1999). "Matthew Wright at the British Awards: The Winners". Daily Mirror. Archived from the original on 4 May 2016. Retrieved 1 April 2016 – via HighBeam Research.
- ^ Wright, Matthew (28 May 1999). "Matthew Wright's Column: Ivor Novello Songwriting Awards: Moody Matty". Daily Mirror. Archived from the original on 4 May 2016. Retrieved 1 April 2016 – via HighBeam Research.
- ^ Wright, Matthew (31 October 1998). "Matthew Wright's column: Wales – and moans". Daily Mirror. Archived from the original on 4 May 2016. Retrieved 1 April 2016 – via HighBeam Research.
- ^ a b "Catatonia". Official Charts Company. Retrieved 2 April 2016.
- ^ "World Cup kicks off in style". BBC News. 1 October 1999. Retrieved 2 April 2016.
- ^ a b c Jenkins, Mark (9 August 1998). "Welsh Band Catatonia: Internationalists Abroad". The Washington Post. Retrieved 2 April 2016.
- ^ Owens 2000, p. 213.
- ^ "TOMMY D: Recording Catatonia's 'Dead From The Waist Down'". Sound on Sound. May 1999. Archived from the original on 12 April 2016. Retrieved 15 April 2016.
- ^ Owens 2000, p. 214.
- ^ Bychawski, Adam (25 January 1999). "Catatonia: Kung Fu and Curses". NME. Retrieved 2 April 2016.
- ^ Owens 2000, p. 229.
- ^ "CATATONIA / GORky's ZYGOTIC MYNCI – Llangollen Eisteddfod Field – link2wales.co.uk".
- ^ Bychawski, Adam (27 April 1999). "Welsh Assembled". NME. Retrieved 2 April 2016.
- ^ Bychawski, Adam (8 June 1999). "Kiss Me Kiss Me Kiss Me". NME. Retrieved 2 April 2016.
- ^ Bychawski, Adam (29 June 1999). "Cerys: We Hate 'Londinium'". NME. Retrieved 2 April 2016.
- ^ Bychawski, Adam (31 July 2000). "Cerys Heartbroken over Roadie's Death". NME. Retrieved 2 April 2016.
- ^ Jenkins, Mark (29 March 2000). "Catatonia: Time to Wake America". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on 5 May 2016. Retrieved 1 April 2016 – via HighBeam Research.
- ^ Bychawski, Adam (2 May 2000). "Catatonia Can't Stomach the States". NME. Retrieved 2 April 2016.
- ^ Owens 2000, p. 247.
- ^ Bychawski, Adam (20 February 2001). "Catatonia's Wage Rage". NME. Retrieved 2 April 2016.
- ^ Bychawski, Adam (11 May 2001). "Stone Me! A New Catatonia Album". NME. Retrieved 2 April 2016.
- ^ "Catatonia: Glasgow Lighthouse". NME. 12 September 2005. Retrieved 2 April 2016.
- ^ Mark, Timothy (12 September 2005). "Catatonia: Stone by Stone". Retrieved 2 April 2016.
- ^ Gill, Andy (3 August 2001). "Album: Catatonia". The Independent. Retrieved 26 April 2020.
- ^ a b c "Troubled Catatonia split up". BBC News. 21 September 2001. Retrieved 2 April 2016.
- ^ Bychawski, Adam (15 August 2001). "Catatonia Cancel UK Tour". NME. Retrieved 2 April 2016.
- ^ "Cerys Matthews – Never Said Goodbye". BBC Wales. 2 January 2009. Retrieved 2 April 2016.
- ^ "Cerys Matthews – Awyren = Aeroplane". BBC Wales. 2 January 2009. Retrieved 2 April 2016.
- ^ O'Brien, Jon. "Don't Look Down – Cerys Matthews". AllMusic. Retrieved 2 April 2016.
- ^ "20 Songs With Surprising Writers". NME. 16 June 2011. Retrieved 2 April 2016.
- ^ Bychawski, Adam (21 October 2010). "Super Furry Animals, Funeral for a Friend members releasing Cardiff City song". NME. Retrieved 2 April 2016.
- ^ Matthews, Cerys (17 April 2020). "Tweet on 17 April 2020". Twitter. Retrieved 2 August 2021.
- ^ Matthews, Cerys (3 June 2023). "Tweet on 03 June 2023". Twitter. Retrieved 14 September 2023.
- ^ Lindsay, Duncan (29 March 2015). "Looks like Catatonia singer Cerys Matthews' rock and roll days are over". Metro. Retrieved 2 April 2016.
- ^ "Tom Jones & Cerys From Catatonia* – Baby, It's Cold Outside". Discogs. Retrieved 2 April 2016.
- ^ "Songs for Polar Bears Are White at the Top of My List!". The People. 20 December 1998. Archived from the original on 4 May 2016. Retrieved 2 April 2016 – via HighBeam Research.
- ^ Shepherd, Fiona (3 August 2001). "Crisis, but no drama Catatonia: Paper Scissors Stone". The Scotsman. Archived from the original on 5 May 2016. Retrieved 2 April 2016 – via HighBeam Research.
- ^ a b c d "Australian chart positions". australian-charts.com. Archived from the original on 27 November 2011. Retrieved 3 March 2010.
- ^ a b c "German album positions". musicline.de. Archived from the original on 30 August 2011. Retrieved 3 March 2010.
- ^ a b c "Irish chart positions". irish-charts.com. Archived from the original on 26 November 2011. Retrieved 3 March 2010.
- ^ a b c d "New Zealand chart positions". charts.nz. Retrieved 3 March 2010.
- ^ a b c d "British certificates: searchable database". British Phonographic Industry. Archived from the original on 11 May 2011. Retrieved 19 April 2016. Enter the song/album title in the field Keywords. Select Title in the field Search by. Select the relevant type in the field By Format. Click Search
- ^ Owens 2000, p. 118.
- ^ Ryan, Gavin (2011). Australia's Music Charts 1988–2010 (pdf ed.). Mt. Martha, VIC, Australia: Moonlight Publishing. p. 52.
- ^ "Irish singles positions". irishcharts.ie. Archived from the original on 2 June 2009. Retrieved 3 March 2010.
References
- Buckley, Peter (2003). The Rough Guide to Rock. London: Rough Guides. ISBN 978-1-843-53105-0.
- Owens, David (2000). Cerys, Catatonia and the Rise of Welsh Pop. London: ISBN 978-0-0918-7412-4.