Chikugo Province

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Map of Japanese provinces (1868) with Chikugo Province highlighted

Chikugo Province (筑後国, Chikugo-no kuni) was a

Chikushū (筑州) (a name which it shared with Chikuzen Province), although it was also called Chikuin (筑陰). In terms of the Gokishichidō system, Chikugo was one of the provinces of the Saikaidō circuit. Under the Engishiki
classification system, Chikugo was ranked as one of the "superior countries" (上国) in terms of importance, and one of the "far countries" (遠国) in terms of distance from the capital.

Hiroshige ukiyo-e "Chikugo" in "The Famous Scenes of the Sixty States" (六十余州名所図会), depicting the Chikugo Province: The Currents Around the Weir (Chikugo, Yanase) in 1855

History

Early history

Ancient

Taika Reforms and the establishment of the Ritsuryō
system in 701, Tsukushi Province was divided into Chikuzen and Chikugo Provinces.

The kokufu of Chikugo was located in what is now part of the city of Kurume, and its ruins are now a National Historic Site. The ruins of the Chikugo Kokubun-ji was also located in the same area, and are likewise a National Historic Site. The ichinomiya of Chikugo Province is Kōra taisha, also in Kurume and is also the Sōja shrine of the province. [2]

Muromachi and Sengoku periods

During the

Otomo clan
; however, in reality the province was controlled by 15 petty warlords, from the Kamachi clan, Tajiri clan, Kuroki clan and others.

Edo Period and early modern period

Chikugo under the

Arima clan in the north, with a smaller area under the rule of Yanagawa Domain, ruled by the Tachibana clan
in the south.

Bakumatsu period domains
Name Clan Type kokudaka
Kurume
Arima
 Fudai 210,000 koku
Yanagawa Tachibana Tozama 109,000 koku
Miike Tachibana Tozama 10,000 koku

Following the

Meiji restoration, former shogunal territory was assigned to Hita Prefecture on October 13, 1868, which was merged with Nagasaki Prefecture two weeks later. On November 11, 1868, Shimotedo Domain in Mutsu Province relocated its seat to Chikugo, and restored Miike Domain. With the abolition of the han system
on December 25, 1871, Kurume, Yanagawa and Miike became prefectures, which were then united as "Mizuma Prefecture". On August 21, 1876, Mizuma Prefecture and merged into Fukuoka Prefecture.

Per the early

Meiji period Kyudaka kyuryo Torishirabe-chō (旧高旧領取調帳), an official government assessment of the nation's resources, Chikugo Province had 789 villages with a total kokudaka of 536,851 koku
. Chikugo Province consisted of:

Districts of Chikugo Province
District kokudaka villages Controlled by Notes
Ikuha District (生葉郡) 26,882 koku 59 villages Kurume merged with Takeno District to become Ukiha District (浮羽郡) on February 26, 1896
Kamitsuma District (上妻郡) 79,464 koku 115 villages Kurume, Yanagawa merged with Shimotsuma District to become Yame District (八女郡) on February 26, 1896
Mihara District (御原郡) 33,304 koku 36 villages Kurume merged with former Mii (御井郡) and Yamamoto Districts to become a new and expanded Mii District (三井郡) on February 26, 1896
Mii District (御井郡) 56,528 koku 72 villages Kurume absorbed Mihara and Yamamoto Districts to become a new and expanded Mii District (三井郡) on February 26, 1896
Miike District
(三池郡)		 53,125 koku 72 villages tenryō, Yanagawa, Shimotedo Dissolved
Mizuma District
(三潴郡)		 140,241 koku 164 villages Kurume, Yanagawa
Shimotsuma District (下妻郡) 29,920 koku 37 villages Kurume, Yanagawa merged with Kamitsuma District to become Yame District on February 26, 1896
Takeno District (竹野郡) 22,875 koku 89 villages Kurume merged with Ikuha District to become Ukiha District on February 26, 1896
Yamamoto District (山本郡) 16,559 koku 30 villages Kurume merged with former Mii (御井郡) and Mihara Districts to become a new and expanded Mii District (三井郡) on February 26, 1896
Yamato District (山門郡) 77,948 koku 115 villages Yanagawa merged with Ikuha District to become Ukiha District on February 26, 1896

Gallery

  • Kora taisha, the ichinomiya of the province
    Kora taisha, the ichinomiya of the province
  • Site of the Chikugo Kokubun-ji
    Site of the Chikugo Kokubun-ji
  • Site of the Chikugo Provincial Capital
    Site of the Chikugo Provincial Capital
  • Kurume Castle
    Kurume Castle
  • Arima Yorishige, final daimyō of Kurume Domain
    Arima Yorishige, final daimyō of Kurume Domain

Notes

  1. Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric. (2005). "Chikugo" in Japan Encyclopedia, p. 113, p. 113, at Google Books
    .
  2. ^ "Nationwide List of Ichinomiya," p. 3 Archived May 17, 2013, at the Wayback Machine; retrieved 2012-10-26.
  3. ^ Tsuji, Zennosuke. (1932). The Humanitarian Ideas of the Japanese, p. 55; Depuy, Trevor Nevitt. (1992). "Kikuchi Takemitsu", The Harper Encyclopedia of Military Biography p. 402.
  4. ^ Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric. (2005). "Kikuchi Takemitsu" in Japan encyclopedia, p. 517.

References

External links

Media related to Chikugo Province at Wikimedia Commons

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