Commentary on Palestine: Peace Not Apartheid
The book Palestine: Peace Not Apartheid (New York: Simon and Schuster, 2006) by former president Jimmy Carter has been highly controversial and attracted a wide range of commentary. The reception of the book has itself raised further controversy, occasioning Carter's own subsequent responses to such criticism.
Critical response to Palestine: Peace Not Apartheid around the time of release in 2006 was mixed. Some journalists and academics have praised what they regard as Carter's courage for speaking honestly about the
Notable positive reactions
Journalists and other media commentators
In his review published on October 15, 2006, Brad Hooper, editor at Booklist, concludes: "The former president's ideas are expressed with perfect clarity; his book, of course, represents a personal point of view, but one that is certainly grounded in both knowledge and wisdom. His outlook on the problem not only contributes to the literature of debate surrounding it but also, just as importantly, delivers a worthy game plan for clearing up the dilemma."[4] Israeli historian and author Tom Segev believes his principal argument is "well-founded".[5]
Raja Shehadeh, a lawyer and author, including of Occupier's Law: Israel and the West Bank, regards Palestine: Peace Not Apartheid as a "fresh debate" on Israel's policies in the West Bank. Shehadeh believes that "With his well documented book and its provocative title, Carter is working to achieve 'one of the major goals of [his] life' as he makes clear at the outset of his book: 'to help ensure a lasting peace for Israelis and others in the Middle East.'"[6]
Robert Fisk declares that the book is "a good, strong read by the only American president approaching sainthood", adding: "Needless to say, the American press and television largely ignored the appearance of this eminently sensible book—until the usual Israeli lobbyists began to scream abuse at poor old Jimmy Carter, albeit that he was the architect of the longest lasting peace treaty between Israel and an Arab neighbour—Egypt—secured with the famous 1978 Camp David accords."[7]
Carl L. Brown in Foreign Affairs writes: "This book offers a historical overview in the form of a personal memoir, tracing developments since the 1970s as Carter experienced and understood them. He may thus be said to be both a source for the historian and himself a historian of the Israeli–Palestinian confrontation. This little book merits a reading on both counts. Carter concludes that 'Israel's continued control and colonization of Palestinian land have been the primary obstacles to a comprehensive peace agreement in the Holy Land.' That statement, so out of line with the way mainstream American political figures (even those retired from public office) frame the issue, ensures that the book will be attacked by many. Perhaps it will be read as well."[8]
Ian Black, Middle East editor at The Guardian, writes "Controversy about the book flows largely from the word "apartheid" in the title: it is wrong if applied to Israel within its pre-1967 borders, where there is discrimination but not institutionalised racism. In the West Bank, with its confiscated land, unequal allocation of water resources, fortress-like settlements, security fence and segregated roads, it is fitting enough. No one who has seen subjugated Palestinians struggling with everyday life alongside armed Jewish settlers can quarrel with it".[9]
In his blog,
Representatives of organizations
In an article published on the website of the Institute for Middle East Understanding, Lena Khalaf Tuffaha finds that Carter's book "eloquently describes the situation in the West Bank and Gaza Strip" and that "his book challenges Americans to see the conflict with eyes wide open."[11]
Writing in
In The Arab American News, Sherri Muzher, Palestinian-American director of Michigan Media Watch, writes: "Nobody expects instant miracles to come from Carter's book, but hopefully, it will spark the sort of robust discussions that even Israeli society and media already engage in."[13]
Rabbi Michael Lerner, the editor of Tikkun, calls Carter "the only president to have actually delivered for the Jewish people an agreement (the peace treaty between Israel and Egypt) that has stood the test of time." He continues: "We know that critique is often an essential part of love and caring. That is precisely what Jimmy Carter is trying to do for Israel and the Jewish people in his new book". He further stresses that "Carter does not claim that Israel is an apartheid state. What he does claim is that the West Bank will be a de facto apartheid situation if the current dynamics continue."[14]
Canadian
Israeli
Academics
South African professor of international law John Dugard observes that while Carter's book "is igniting controversy for its Israel and the apartheid analogy" he understands the deeper rationale for Carter's analogy as follows:
Since 1967
Zbigniew Brzezinski, former National Security Adviser to President Carter, agrees with the main thesis of the book: President Carter, in my judgement, is correct in fearing that the absence of a fair and mutually acceptable resolution of the Israeli–Palestinian conflict is likely to produce a situation which de facto will resemble apartheid: i.e., two communities living side by side but repressively separated, with one enjoying prosperity and seizing the lands of the other, and the other living in poverty and deprivation. That is an outcome which must be avoided and I interpret his book as a strong plea for accommodation, which needs to be actively promoted by morally responsible engagement especially by America. Brzezinski also condemns the "abusive reactions directed at Carter, including some newspaper ads" for being "objectionable and designed to intimidate an open public discussion."[20]
In an essay published in
Norman Finkelstein, an assistant professor of political science at DePaul University, defends Carter's analysis in Palestine: Peace Not Apartheid as both historically accurate and non-controversial outside the United States: "After four decades of Israeli occupation, the infrastructure and superstructure of apartheid have been put in place. Outside the never-never land of mainstream American Jewry and U.S. media[,] this reality is barely disputed."[23]
George Bisharat, a professor at the
Notable negative reactions
Journalists and other media commentators
In "It's Not Apartheid", published in The Washington Post, columnist Michael Kinsley states that Carter "makes no attempt to explain [the use of the word 'apartheid']" which he calls "a foolish and unfair comparison, unworthy of the man who won—and deserved—the Nobel Peace Prize." To start with, no one has yet thought to accuse Israel of creating a phony country in finally acquiescing to the creation of a Palestinian state. Palestine is no Bantustan. Furthermore, Israel has always had Arab citizens. No doubt many Israelis have racist attitudes toward Arabs, but the official philosophy of the government is quite the opposite, and sincere efforts are made to, for example, instill humanitarian and egalitarian attitudes in children.[26][27] National Review editor Rich Lowry says that "Carter always finds a way to point a finger at Israel." Yes, there are two sides to every dispute, and heaven knows the Palestinian people have suffered throughout the past six decades, but Carter apes the Palestinian position and calls it evenhandedness. Lowry feels the "book marks Carter's further disgraceful descent from ineffectual president and international do-gooder to apologist for the worst Arab tendencies", citing a passage from the book.[28] Mona Charen writes in the National Review that "awkward phrasing is found throughout this slapdash work." Charen presents examples of what she regards as "simplistic, naïve, or tendentious" ideas in the book about the Six-Day War, Hezbollah, and Oslo Accords.[29]
In "Jews, Arabs and Jimmy Carter", deputy foreign editor of
The Economist reviewed Palestine: Peace Not Apartheid and found it to be "a weak one, simplistic and one-sided ... Israeli expansionism gets the drubbing it deserves; Arab rejectionism gets off much too lightly."[30]
In "What Would Jimmy Do?", published in
In "The Question of Carter's Cash", Claudia Rosett writes, "Even in Carter's long history of post-presidential grandstanding, this book sets fresh standards of irresponsibility. Purporting to give a balanced view of the Palestinian–Israeli conflict, Carter effectively shrugs off such highly germane matters as Palestinian terrorism. The hypocrisies are boundless, and include adoring praise of the deeply oppressive, religiously intolerant Saudi regime side by side with condemnations of democratic Israel."[32][33]
Representatives of organizations
Prior to the book's publication, during the
In an "Op-Ed" published on December 4 in The Jerusalem Post, David A. Harris, executive director of the American Jewish Committee (AJC), says that he finds it "startling that a former president who prides himself on his ongoing contribution to world peace would write a crude polemic that compromises any pretense to objectivity and fairness": "Carter leaves out what any reasonable observer, even those that share his basic views of the conflict, would consider obvious facts, but does include stunning distortions".;[35] Harris "cite[s] just two of the numerous examples" of what he calls "such mendacity".[36] The first of these, Harris says, is that "Carter discounts well-established claims that Israel accepted and Arafat rejected a generous offer to create a Palestinian state." The second "manifest distortion", according to Harris, is that "Carter states that Israel plans to build a security fence 'along the Jordan River, which is now planned as the eastern leg of the encirclement of the Palestinians'"; whereas well-informed observers know that "Israel has modified the projected route of the security fence on numerous occasions (the current route roughly tracks the parameters that Clinton advanced to the parties in negotiations) and that there is no plan to hem the Palestinians in on the eastern border." In omitting "these well-known developments", Harris argues, Carter is "leaving readers to think that a route that was once contemplated in proposed maps but never adopted or acted upon represents current reality."[36]
In an unsolicited handwritten letter replying to Harris, former President Bill Clinton expresses gratitude for Harris' articles on behalf of the American Jewish Committee critiquing the book: "Dear David, Thanks so much for your articles about President Carter's book. I don't know where his information (or conclusions) came from, but Dennis Ross has tried to straighten it out, publicly and in two letters to him. At any rate, I'm grateful. Sincerely, Bill Clinton."[37][38]
On January 11, 2007, according to the Associated Press, "Fourteen members of an advisory board to Jimmy Carter's human rights organization," the Carter Center, "resigned ... to protest his new book." In their "letter of resignation," as reported by the AP, the "departing members of the Center's Board of Councilors told Carter ... 'You have clearly abandoned your historic role of broker in favor of becoming an advocate for one side'."[39][40][41] The Carter Center's Board of Councilors, from which the fourteen members resigned, consists of over 200 members.[42] Prior to those fourteen resignations, Kenneth W. Stein had already resigned from the board in protest against what he states are the book's "errors".[43]
The Central Conference of American Rabbis (CCAR), canceled a planned visit to Carter's human rights center, stating that Palestine: Peace Not Apartheid unfairly criticizes Israel: "The book contains numerous distortions of history and interpretation and apparently, outright fabrications as well. Its use of the term 'apartheid' to describe conditions in the West Bank serves only to demonize and de-legitimize Israel in the eyes of the world."[44] Representatives of the CCAR assert that President Carter's "attempted rehabilitation of such terrorist groups as Hezbollah and Hamas demonstrated either a clear anti-Israel bias and criticizes him for implying that there has been "a 'Jewish conspiracy' at work to discourage conversation about the Palestinians' plight."[44]
On December 11, 2006,
Academics
Alan Dershowitz, a professor of law at Harvard Law School, claims that Carter's book is "riddled with errors and bias."[48] Dershowitz argues that there are factual inaccuracies in Palestine: Peace Not Apartheid, including its statement that "Israel launched a preemptive attack on Jordan", observing that, in the 1967 Six-Day War, "Jordan attacked Israel first, Israel tried desperately to persuade Jordan to remain out of the war, and Israel counterattacked after the Jordanian army surrounded Jerusalem, firing missiles into the center of the city."[49]
In an open letter published in
Rebecca Trounson reports in the
Gil Troy, professor of history at McGill University, opines: "[I]f Carter is so innocent as to be unaware of the resonance that term has [apartheid], [then] he is not the expert on the Middle East or world affairs he purports to be." He elaborates:
Sadly, Israelis and Palestinians do not enjoy the kind of harmony the Israeli Declaration of Independence envisioned. Carter and his comrades use "Apartheid" as shorthand to condemn some of the security measures improvised recently. ... Israel built a security fence to protect its citizens and separate Palestinian enclaves from Israeli cities. Ironically, that barrier marks Israel's most dramatic recognition of Palestinian aspirations to independence since Israel signed the Oslo Accords in 1993. ... Applying the Apartheid label tries to ostracize Israel by misrepresenting some of the difficult decisions Israel has felt forced to make in fighting Palestinian terror.
In an article published on January 20, 2007, in The Washington Post, Deborah Lipstadt, the Dorot Professor of Modern Jewish and Holocaust Studies at Emory University, criticized Carter for what she calls his "Jewish Problem", complaining that, now "facing a storm of criticism, he has relied on anti-Semitic stereotypes in defense."[55] In a more-recent public appearance at a rally in London, in the first week of February 2007, Lipstadt charged that, in this book, Carter engages in what she terms "soft-core denial".[56] According to Paul, "She received huge applause when she asked how former US President Jimmy Carter could omit the years 1939–1947 from a chronology in his book"; referring to him and to Palestine: Peace Not Apartheid, she said: "When a former president of the United States writes a book on the Israeli–Palestinian crisis and writes a chronology at the beginning of the book in order to help them understand the emergence of the situation and in that chronology lists nothing of importance between 1939 and 1947, that is soft-core denial."[56]
Carter's response to criticism of the book
Carter has responded to negative reviews in the mainstream
As Greg Bluestein of the
Well, he [Dershowitz] has to go to the first word in the title, which is "Palestine," not "Israel." He should go to the second word in the title, which is "Peace." And then the last two words [are] "Not Apartheid." I never have alleged in the book or otherwise that Israel, as a nation, was guilty of apartheid. But there is a clear distinction between the policies within the
Israeli forces in the occupied territories is horrendous. And it's not something that has been acknowledged or even discussed in this country. (Italics added.)[60]
With regard to the criticisms of Kenneth W. Stein, Carter has also pointed out "that Stein hadn't played a role in the Carter Center in 13 years and that his post as a fellow was an honorary title. 'When I decided to write this book, I didn't even think about involving Ken, from ancient times, to come in and help.'"[59] Carter's biographer Douglas Brinkley has observed that Stein and Carter have a "passionate, up-and-down relationship" and that Stein has criticized some of Carter's previous statements about Israel.[61] In response to Professor Stein's current criticism of the book, representatives of its publisher, Simon & Schuster, state: "We haven't seen these allegations, we haven't seen any specifics, and I have no way of assessing anything he [Stein] has said. ... This is all about nothing. We stand behind the book fully, and the fact that there has been a divided reaction to it is not surprising."[62]
As cited in various news accounts, "Carter has consistently defended his book's accuracy against Stein and other critics"; in a prepared statement, Carter's press secretary Deanna Congileo responds "that Carter had his book reviewed for accuracy throughout the writing process" and that "[a]s with all of President Carter's previous books, any detected errors will be corrected in later editions."[63]
In response to the Associated Press's request for a comment on the aforementioned resignations of Stein and fourteen other members of the center's Board of Councilors, speaking on behalf of both Carter and the Carter Center, Ms. Congileo also provided a statement from its executive director John Hardman, who, according to Zelkowitz, "also fact checked Palestine, saying that the members of that board 'are not engaged in implementing the work of the Center.'"[39][63]
After receiving 25,000 petitions against his book presented to him by the Simon Wiesenthal Center, former President Carter sent a hand-written one-sentence note dated January 26, 2007, to the center's dean and founder, Rabbi Marvin Hier, which the organization posted on its website, in which Carter states: "I don't believe that Simon Wiesenthal would have resorted to falsehood and slander to raise funds."[64] The Associated Press reports that, "facing continuing controversy over his new book on the Israeli–Palestinian conflict", former President Jimmy Carter "issued a letter ... to American Jews explaining his use of the term 'apartheid' and sympathizing with Israelis who fear terrorism."[65] Jimmy Carter's "A Letter to Jewish Citizens of America" is posted on the website of the Carter Center.[66] Further commentaries based on this letter are quoted by John Kelly in his article "The Middle East: Are Critics of Israel Stifled?" in The Atlanta Journal-Constitution of December 17, 2006.
In an op-ed published on December 20, 2006, in The Boston Globe, Carter rejects critics of his book as not actually having addressed the major points contained in it:
Not surprisingly, an examination of the book reviews and published comments reveals that these points have rarely if ever been mentioned by detractors of the book, much less denied or refuted. Instead, there has been a pattern of ad hominem statements, alleging that I am a liar, plagiarist, anti-Semite, racist, bigot, ignorant, etc. There are frequent denunciations of fabricated "
Palestinians are a prime factor in promoting peace in the region. Although my book concentrates on the Palestinian territories, I noted that the report also recommended peace talks with Syria concerning the Golan Heights. Both recommendations have been rejected by Israel's prime minister. It is practically impossible for bitter antagonists to arrange a time, place, agenda, and procedures that are mutually acceptable, so an outside instigator/promoter is necessary. Successful peace talks were orchestrated by thePalestine Peace Not Apartheid § News accounts, editorials, and letters by others
See also
- Israel and apartheid
- Arab–Israeli conflict
- Carter Center
- Israeli–Palestinian conflict
- Israeli–Palestinian peace process
- Israeli West Bank barrier
- Palestine
Notes
- ^ "SimonSays's On Demand Pages on Vimeo". vimeo.com.
- ^ Julie Bosman, "Carter View of Israeli 'Apartheid' Stirs Furor". The New York Times. December 12, 2006, accessed March 28, 2008.
- ^ "Brandeis News: Full coverage of the Historic Jan. 23rd Visit by Former President Jimmy Carter" Archived 2021-03-10 at the Wayback Machine, Brandeis University, January 24, 2007, accessed January 27, 2007.
- ^ Brad Hooper, Review of Palestine: Peace, Not Apartheid, Booklist (American Library Association), October 15, 2006, accessed January 19, 2007.
- ^ Tom Segev, "Memoir of a Great Friend", Haaretz December 12, 2006, accessed January 8, 2007.
- ^ Raja Shehadeh, "Fresh Debate on Israel's West Bank Policies" Archived May 9, 2007, at the Wayback Machine, California Literary Review December 19, 2006, accessed May 4, 2007.
- ^ Robert Fisk, "Banality and Bare Faced Lies". Archived January 15, 2007, at the Wayback Machine The Independent. December 23, 2006, accessed January 3, 2007.
- ^ L. Carl Brown, Book rev. of Palestine Peace Not Apartheid Archived April 27, 2007, at the Wayback Machine, Foreign Affairs (March/April 2007), accessed May 4, 2007.
- ^ Divided loyalties, The Guardian (17 February 2007), accessed September 19, 2012
- ^ Israel and Apartheid: In Defense of Jimmy Carter, (December 22, 2006) retrieved September 19, 2012
- ^ Lena Khalaf Tuffaha (November 15, 2006). "Palestine: Peace Not Apartheid, by Jimmy Carter". Institute for Middle East Understanding. Archived from the original on January 13, 2007.
- ^ Michael F. Brown, "Dems Rebut Carter on Israeli 'Apartheid'", The Nation, November 20, 2006, accessed January 8, 2007.
- ^ Sherri Muzher, "Reality for Palestinians". Archived 2007-10-07 at the Wayback Machine The Arab American News. December 5, 2006, accessed January 8, 2007. For further information, see About Publisher Archived 2009-05-30 at the Wayback Machine Osama Siblani and Sherri Muzher, ""Do Israelis practice apartheid against Palestinians? South Africans See the Parallel with Wall, Other Methods Carter Describes". The Detroit News. December 27, 2006, Editorials & Opinions, accessed January 8, 2007.
- ^ Michael Lerner, "Thank You, Jimmy Carter" Archived January 12, 2007, at the Wayback Machine, TomPaine.com, December 6, 2006, accessed January 8, 2007.
- The Toronto Sun. December 15, 2006, accessed January 8, 2007.
- Z Communications) December 28, 2006, accessed January 3, 2007.
- ^ Yossi Beilin, "Carter Is No More Critical of Israel Than Israelis Themselves". The Forward. January 19, 2007, accessed January 20, 2007.
- ^ John Dugard, "Israelis Adopt What South Africa Dropped". The Atlanta Journal-Constitution. November 29, 2006. (Archived; subscription or fee-based access only.) Information Clearing House version (free access) Archived 2007-01-28 at the Wayback Machine, accessed February 17, 2007.
- ^ While serving as the special rapporteur for the United Nations on the situation of human rights in the Palestinian territories, Dugard described the situation in the West Bank as "an apartheid regime ... worse than the one that existed in South Africa." Cf. Aluf Benn, "UN agent: Apartheid Regime in Territories Worse Than S. Africa", Haaretz, August 24, 2004, accessed January 5, 2007.
- ^ Ask the Expert: US policy in the Middle East, Zbigniew Brzezinski, London Financial Times December 4, 2006.
- ^ Saree Makdisi, "On the New Book 'Palestine: Peace Not Apartheid'", San Francisco Chronicle December 20, 2006.
- ^ Henry Siegman, "Hurricane Carter". online posting, The Nation. January 4, 2007 (issue of January 22, 2007), accessed January 5, 2007 (4 pages). Cf. Henry Siegman, "The Issue Is Not Whether Hamas Recognises Israel". Archived 2006-07-18 at the Wayback Machine London Financial Times. June 8, 2006, rpt. Council on Foreign Relations, accessed January 5, 2006 and Henry Siegman, author page at The New York Review of Books.
- ^ In several subsequent "Speaking engagements" Archived February 27, 2007, at the Wayback Machine as these are featured on his website (accessed February 13, 2007), Finkelstein has apparently been focusing on the subject of Carter's book Palestine Peace Not Apartheid.
- ^ George Bisharat, Truth At Last, While Breaking a U.S. Taboo of Criticizing Israel, The Philadelphia Inquirer January 2, 2007, editorial, accessed January 11, 2007.
- ISBN 9780743299718.
- ^ Michael Kinsley. "It's Not Apartheid", Slate December 11, 2006, accessed March 15, 2007.
- ^ Michael Kinsley, "It's Not Apartheid", The Washington Post December 12, 2006, accessed March 8, 2007.
- ^ Rich Lowry. "Creepy Carter" Archived May 3, 2007, at the Wayback Machine, National Review December 12, 2006
- ^ Mona Charen, "Brave Jimmy Carter?" Archived April 30, 2007, at the Wayback Machine National Review December 15, 2006, accessed May 4, 2007.
- ^ "A president remembers", December 2006 The Economist
- ^ Jeffrey Goldberg, "What Would Jimmy Do?" The Washington Post December 10, 2006.
- ^ Claudia Rosett. "The Question of Carter's Cash" = Archived March 30, 2007, at the Wayback Machine, National Review, January 29, 2007
- ^ "FindArticles.com - CBSi". findarticles.com.
- ^ Jennifer Siegel, "Campaign Confidential: Dean and Pelosi: Carter's Wrong on Israel" Archived January 27, 2007, at the Wayback Machine, Jewish Daily Forward (blog) October 23, 2006, accessed March 16, 2007.
- ^ David A. Harris, "Despite Title, Carter's Book Plants Screed of Mideast Discord"[permanent dead link], Chicago Sun-Times December 7, 2006.
- ^ a b David A. Harris, "Carter's Compromised Statesmanship", The Jerusalem Post, December 4, 2006, accessed November 7, 2023.
- ^ "Clinton Thanks AJ Committee for Tackling Carter" Archived September 30, 2007, at the Wayback Machine, Jewish Telegraphic Agency, accessed March 26, 2007.
- ^ "President Clinton Thanks AJC on Carter Book". Archived from the original on 2007-08-08. Retrieved 2007-06-12.
- ^ a b Associated Press, "Atlanta: 14 Carter Center Advisers Resign in Protest Over Book". Archived September 27, 2007, at the Wayback Machine AccessNorthGA.com. January 11, 2007, accessed January 11, 2007. (Timeline: 3:45:51 p.m.)
- ^ Brenda Goodman, "Carter Center Advisers Quit to Protest Book", The New York Times January 12, 2007, accessed January 14, 2007.
- ^ Ben Harris, "Jewish Members Leave Carter Board". Baltimore Jewish Times. (JTA) January 15, 2007, accessed January 15, 2007.
- ^ Carter Center About the Board of Councilors, Carter Center, accessed January 11, 2007.
- KiB).
- ^ a b Owen Moritz (January 12, 2007). "Rabbis throw book at Jimmy". New York Daily News. Archived from the original on January 15, 2007.
- National Public Radio, December 11, 2006, accessed January 13, 2007. (NPR audio for RealPlayer and Windows Media Player).
- ^ a b c d Interview, The Situation Room with Wolf Blitzer, CNN December 8, 2006.
- ^ Cf. Dennis Ross, "Don't Play with Maps". The New York Times. January 9, 2007, op-ed, accessed February 26, 2007.
- ^ Alan Dershowitz, "Why Won't Carter Debate His Book?" The Boston Globe (December 21, 2006).
- ^ Alan Dershowitz, "The World According to Carter". New York Sun. November 22, 2006.
- ^ "President Carter's New Book Spurs Aide To Resign". New York Sun. Associated Press. December 8, 2006. Retrieved December 24, 2006.
- Kenneth Stein (December 7, 2006). "FOX Facts: Dr. Kenneth W. Stein's Letter (reprint)". Fox News. Retrieved December 9, 2006.
- ^ Karen DeYoung, "Carter Book on Israel 'Apartheid' Sparks Bitter Debate", The Washington Post, December 7, 2006, accessed December 12, 2006.
- ^ Rebecca Trounson, "Former Aide Criticizes Carter". Los Angeles Times. January 13, 2007, accessed January 13, 2007. Archived from the original on October 15, 2008.
- ^ Gil Troy, "On Jimmy Carter's False Apartheid Analogy". History News Network. December 18, 2006, accessed January 4, 2007.
- ^ "Jimmy Carter's Jewish Problem". The Washington Post. January 20, 2007, accessed February 13, 2007.
- ^ a b Qtd. by Jonny Paul, "Jerusalem Post Holocaust Scholar Warns of New 'soft-core' Denial", The Jerusalem Post, February 6, 2007, accessed February 13, 2007.
- ^ Jimmy Carter, "Speaking Frankly about Israel and Palestine", Los Angeles Times December 8, 2006, accessed December 24, 2006.
- ^ Jimmy Carter, "Israel, Palestine, Peace and Apartheid". London The Guardian. December 12, 2006.
- ^ a b "Carter defends his book's criticism of Israeli policy". The Florida Times-Union. 8 December 2006. Retrieved 15 February 2014.
- ^ "Interview with Jimmy Carter". Larry King Live. CNN. November 27, 2006.
- ^ Christian Boone (December 6, 2006). "Adviser Breaks with Carter on Mideast Book". Atlanta Journal-Constitution. Retrieved December 9, 2006. [dead link]
- ^ Josh Getlin (December 8, 2006). "Maps in Carter's Book Are Questioned". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved December 15, 2006. [dead link]
- ^ a b Rachel Zelkowitz, "Professor Describes Carter 'Inaccuracies'".[permanent dead link] The Emory Wheel. December 12, 2006, accessed January 12, 2007.
- ^ "Update: Your Activism At Work: In Response to 25,000 Petitions, Former President Jimmy Carter Criticizes Wiesenthal Center; Rabbi Hier Responds". Archived 2007-03-03 at the Wayback Machine press release, Simon Wiesenthal Center January 26, 2007 and February 2, 2007, accessed February 7, 2007.
- ^ Associated Press, "Carter Explains Apartheid Reference in Letter to US Jews". International Herald Tribune. December 15, 2006, accessed March 12, 2007.
- ^ "Jimmy Carter Issues Letter to Jewish Community on Palestine Peace Not Apartheid". press release, Carter Center, December 15, 2006, accessed December 24, 2006.
- ^ a b Jimmy Carter, "Reiterating the Keys to Peace". The Boston Globe. December 20, 2006, accessed May 5, 2007.
References