Enrico Caviglia
Enrico Caviglia | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Born | 4 May 1862 Finalmarina, Italy |
| Died | 22 March 1945 (aged 82) Finale Ligure, Italy |
| Allegiance |  Kingdom of Italy |
| Service/ |  Royal Italian Army |
| Years of service | 1880–1926; 1943 |
| Rank | Marshal of Italy |
| Commands held | 29th Division XXIV Corps VIII Corps X Corps 8th Army |
| Battles/wars |
|
| Awards |  Order of the Most Holy Annunciation Military Order of Savoy Silver Medal of Military Valor Order of the Bath (Honorary) |
Enrico Caviglia
Early years
Caviglia was born in Finalmarina (the marine borough of Finale Ligure), the sixth son of Pietro Caviglia and Antonietta Saccone. After early studies in his hometown, in 1877 he gained admission to the military college "Teulié" in Milan. In 1880 he became a cadet in the Military Academy of Turin; three years later he received his first promotion to second lieutenant in the artillery corps.
Caviglia took part in the
By this time, he was known especially for the quality of his work in geography. After several other assignments, in 1904 he was appointed as extraordinary military attaché in Tokyo, Japan, where he was tasked with observing Japanese military operations in the Russo-Japanese War. From 1905 to 1911, he became the titular military attaché first in the Japanese capital, then in Beijing, China. On 22 September 1908 he was awarded the rank of lieutenant colonel and honorary field assistant to the king.
In 1912 Caviglia was sent to
World War I
When in 1915 Italy entered the
After the disastrous
X Army Corps. September 1918 saw Caviglia being made a titular commander of army corps by war merits, and by November he had been put in charge of the new 8th Army, which decisively crushed the crumbling Austro-Hungarian forces at the Battle of Vittorio Veneto
Between the wars
After the war, King
On 25 June 1926, Caviglia was appointed
World War II
In 1943, from 8 to 13 September, as the King's court fled the incoming
Caviglia left a diary, which documented the evolution of his thought on many subjects, his skepticism about the Fascist regime, his confusion about what was going on in World War II and the world that he could no longer recognize. He also left military memoirs and geographical treatises and works.
Honors
- Supreme Knight of the Order of the Most Holy Annunciation
- Knight Grand Cross of the Military Order of Savoy
- Knight Commander of the Order of the Bath
References
 | This article includes a improve this article by introducing more precise citations. (February 2016) ) |
- Quirico, Domenico. "I vincitori". Generali. Mondadori.
External links
- A short biography (in Italian)
- . Encyclopædia Britannica (12th ed.). 1922.
