Fyodor Sergeyev
Fyodor Sergeyev | |
---|---|
Фёдор Сергеев | |
Kharkov Military Revolutionary Committee | |
In office September 24, 1917 – February 17, 1919 | |
Personal details | |
Born | Fyodor Andreyevich Sergeyev March 19, 1883 Glebovo, Fatezhsky Uyezd, Kursk Governorate, Russian Empire |
Died | July 24, 1921 Tula, Russian SFSR | (aged 38)
Resting place | Kremlin Wall Necropolis, Moscow |
Nationality | Russian |
Political party | RSDLP (1902–1903) RSDLP (Bolsheviks) (1903–1918) Russian Communist Party (1918–1921) |
Spouse | Yelizaveta Lvovna Repelskaya |
Children | Artyom Sergeyev (later adopted by Stalin) |
Alma mater | Imperial Moscow Technical University |
Occupation | Revolutionary, politician, communist agitator |
Fyodor Andreyevich Sergeyev[a] (Russian: Фёдор Андре́евич Сергéeв; Ukrainian: Фе́дір Андрі́йович Сергє́єв, romanized: Fedir Andriiovych Serhieiev; March 19, 1883 — July 24, 1921), better known as Comrade Artyom (Russian: товарищ Артём), was a Russian Bolshevik revolutionary, Soviet politician, agitator, and journalist. He was a close friend of Sergei Kirov and Joseph Stalin. Sergeyev was an ideologist of the Donetsk–Krivoy Rog Soviet Republic.
Early life
Fyodor Artyom was born in the village of
Party career
In 1901, Artyom was arrested for taking part in a student demonstration, and spent four months in Voronezh prison. After his release, he emigrated to Paris, where he studied at the 'Russian Higher Free School'.
In 1910, he escaped through Korea and Japan to Brisbane, Australia, where he organized the Union of Russian emigrants. In 1912, Sergeyev became chief-editor of "Echo of Australia" and was better known as "Big Tom". He joined the Australian Socialist Party and was involved in trade-unionist opposition to the First World War.[1] In 1917, after the February Revolution, he returned to Russia, becoming a leader of the Bolshevik faction in the Kharkov council.
In October 1917, Artyom was the organizer of a Bolshevik military coup-d'etat in Kharkov and the whole
Political career
In 1919, when Ukraine was occupied by the Bolsheviks again, Artyom was appointed People's Commissar for Agitation and Propaganda by Vladimir Lenin, but later in the year he was transferred to Russian Bashkiria (modern name Bashkortostan), as Chairman of the Society for Aid to Bashkiria. He was therefore one of the first Bolsheviks to hold power in a predominantly Muslim part of the former Russian Empire.
In April 1920, he was again elected chairman of the Donetsk Provincial Executive Committee. From March 1919 to March 1920, he was a candidate member of the Central Committee of the Russian Communist Party (b). At the 9th and 10th congresses of the RCP (b), he was elected a member of the Central Committee. From November to December 1920, Artyom was executive secretary of the Moscow Committee of the RCP (b), then chairman of the Central Committee of the All-Russian Union of Miners and simultaneously a member of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee.[4]
Death
Fyodor Sergeyev died in 1921 during the test of the Aerowagon. He was buried in Mass Grave No. 12 of the Kremlin Wall Necropolis in Red Square, Moscow.
The city of
On 15 May 2015, the then President of Ukraine Petro Poroshenko signed a bill into law that started a six-month period for the removal of communist monuments and the mandatory renaming of settlements with a name related to the Soviet Union.[5] In February 2016, the city of Artemivsk returned to its original name: Bakhmut.[6][7]
In fiction
In Thomas Keneally's novel The People's Train, the lead character, Artem — aka "Tom" — Samsurov, is loosely based on the life of Sergeyev.
See also
References
- ^ a b Fried, Eric, 'Sergeyev, Fedor Andreyevich (1883–1921)', Australian Dictionary of Biography, National Centre of Biography, Australian National University, http://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/sergeyev-fedor-andreyevich-8386/text14723, accessed 27 October 2011.
- ^ Shmidt. O.Yu (chief editor), Bukharin, N.I. et al (eds) Большая советская энциклопедиа (1926) volume 3 Moscow pp 475-6
- ^ Shmidt. O.Yu (chief editor), Bukharin, N.I. et al (eds) Большая советская энциклопедиа (1926) volume 3 Moscow pp 476
- ^ "Handbook of the History of the Communist Party and the Soviet Union. Artyom (Sergeev, Fyodor Andreevich)".
- Ukrayinska Pravda. 15 May 2015(14 April 2015)
Poroshenko signs laws on denouncing Communist, Nazi regimes, Interfax-Ukraine. 15 May 20
Goodbye, Lenin: Ukraine moves to ban communist symbols, BBC News - UNIAN(4 February 2016)
- Ukrayinska Pravda. 4 February 2016. Retrieved 4 February 2016.
- ^ Petro Tronko: Istoriya mist i sil Ukrainskoi RSR. Luhanksa oblast. (Kiev 1968). P. 651
- ^ Численность населения по состоянию на 1 октября 2015 года по Луганской Народной Республике (PDF) (in Russian). Luhansk People's Republic. Retrieved 21 December 2015.
- ^ Офіційний портал Верховної Ради України
- ^ UNIAN
- Radio Free Europe.