Galeomorphii
| Galeomorphii Temporal range:
| |
|---|---|
| |
| Great white shark | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Chondrichthyes |
| Subclass: | Elasmobranchii |
| Subdivision: | Selachimorpha |
| Superorder: | Galeomorphii Compagno, 1973 |
| Orders | |
| |
Galeomorphii is a
Orectolobiformes, Lamniformes, and Carcharhiniformes. The extinct, enigmatic Synechodontiformes are presently placed by some authors in the galeomorphs, but their taxonomic position still remains uncertain.[2][3]
Classification
Order Heterodontiformes
The bullhead sharks are a small
Neoselachii). All are relatively small, with the largest species being just 150 centimetres (59 in) in adult length. They are bottom feeders in tropical and subtropical waters. They appear in the fossil record in the Early Jurassic
, well before any of the other galean sharks. However, they have never been common, and it is likely their origin lies even further back.
There are nine living species in a single genus, Heterodontus and a single family.
- Family Heterodontidae(Bullhead sharks)
Order Orectolobiformes
Carpet sharks are another small
caudal fin
tends to be mostly in line with the body, while the lower lobe is poorly developed.
The order has around 43 species in seven families and 13 genera:
- Family Brachaeluridae Applegate(Blind sharks)
- Family Ginglymostomatidae Gill, 1862 (Nurse sharks)
- Family Hemiscylliidae Gill, 1862 (Bamboo sharks)
- Family Orectolobidae Gill, 1896 (Wobbegong sharks)
- Family Parascylliidae Gill, 1862 (Collared carpet sharks)
- Family Rhincodontidae (J. P. Müller & Henle, 1839) (Whale sharks)
- Family Stegostomatidae Gill, 1862 (Zebra sharks)
Order Lamniformes
Mackerel sharks are an order which includes some of the most familiar species of sharks, such as the
anal fin, five gill slits, eyes without nictitating membranes, and a mouth extending behind the eyes. Mackerel sharks may also refer specifically to the family Lamnidae
.
The order includes seven families and sixteen living species:
- Family Bonaparte, 1838 (Thresher sharks)
- Family Cetorhinidae Gill, 1862 (Basking sharks)
- Family Lamnidae J. P. Müller and Henle, 1838
- Family Compagno & Struhsaker, 1983 (Megamouth shark)
- Family Mitsukurinidae D. S. Jordan, 1898
- Family , 1839 (Sand sharks)
- Family Compagno, 1973 (Crocodile shark)
- Family Cretoxyrhinidae(Extinct)
- Family Otodontidae (Extinct)
Order Carcharhiniformes
Ground sharks are the largest order of sharks, and include a number of common types such as the
monophyletic
.
The order includes eight families and over 270 species:
- Family Carcharhinidae(Requiem sharks)
- Family Hemigaleidae (Weasel sharks)
- Family Leptochariidae(Barbeled houndshark)
- Family Proscylliidae (Finback catsharks)
- Family Pseudotriakidae (False catsharks)
- Family Scyliorhinidae(Catsharks)
- Family Sphyrnidae(Hammerhead sharks)
- Family Triakidae(Houndsharks)
References
- ISBN 978-0-12-547665-2.
- ^ "Bibliography Database | Shark-References". shark-references.com. Retrieved 2023-12-02.
- ISSN 0300-3256.
External links
- Shark references. Database of bibliography of living/fossil sharks and rays (Chondrichtyes: Selachii) with more than 15.000 listed papers and many download links.
- Superorder Galeomorphii Marine Species Identification Portal. Retrieved 10 February 2017.