Highland Park, Michigan
Highland Park, Michigan | |
---|---|
UTC-4 (EDT) | |
ZIP Code | 48203 |
Area code | 313 |
FIPS code | 26-38180 |
GNIS feature ID | 0628251[4] |
Website | highlandparkmi.gov |
Highland Park is a city in Wayne County in the U.S. state of Michigan. An enclave of Detroit, Highland Park is located roughly 6 miles (9.7 km) north of downtown Detroit, and is surrounded by Detroit on most sides. As of the 2020 census, the city had a population of 8,977.[2]
History
The area that became Highland Park began as a small farming community, on a large
By 1860, the settlement was given a post office under the name of Whitewood. After a succession of closures and reopenings of the rural post office, the settlement was finally incorporated as a
In 1907,
In 1910, Highland Park, then a village, had 4,120 residents. Between 1910 and 1920 during the boom associated with the automobile industry, Highland Park's population grew to about 46,500, an increase of 1,081 percent, reaching its peak around 1927. The growth of Highland Park and neighboring
Arthur Lupp of Highland Park founded the Michigan branch of the
In 1944, the
On June 19, 1982, drafter Vincent Chin was beaten to death in Highland Park by two automotive workers in retaliation for Japan's success in the automotive industry.[13] The killing was considered a racially-motivated hate crime.[14]
Known as "The City of Trees",[15] the town was thickly forested until the 1970s. The spread of Dutch elm disease required many old trees to be cut down.
From 2001 to 2009, the city was controlled by an emergency financial manager appointed by the
In August 2011, more than two-thirds of the
On November 20, 2013, the Detroit Water and Sewerage Department filed a lawsuit against the City of Highland Park regarding unpaid sewage services and water totaling $17.7 million.[19] In 2020, the two cities settled out of court for an unspecified amount.[20]
Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has an area of 2.97 square miles (7.69 km2), all land.[21]
Highland Park is approximately 6 miles (10 km) north-northwest from
Demographics
Census | Pop. | Note | %± |
---|---|---|---|
1900 | 427 | — | |
1910 | 4,120 | 864.9% | |
1920 | 46,499 | 1,028.6% | |
1930 | 52,959 | 13.9% | |
1940 | 50,810 | −4.1% | |
1950 | 46,393 | −8.7% | |
1960 | 38,063 | −18.0% | |
1970 | 35,444 | −6.9% | |
1980 | 27,909 | −21.3% | |
1990 | 20,121 | −27.9% | |
2000 | 16,746 | −16.8% | |
2010 | 11,776 | −29.7% | |
2020 | 8,977 | −23.8% | |
2021 (est.) | 8,902 | [3] | −0.8% |
U.S. Decennial Census[22] 2020 Census[2] |
2020 census
Race / Ethnicity (NH = Non-Hispanic) | Pop 2000[23] | Pop 2010[24] | Pop 2020[25] | % 2000 | % 2010 | % 2020 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
White alone (NH)
|
668 | 347 | 484 | 3.99% | 2.95% | 5.39% |
Black or African American alone (NH)
|
15,598 | 10,955 | 7,876 | 93.14% | 93.03% | 87.74% |
Alaska Native alone (NH)
|
39 | 26 | 34 | 0.23% | 0.22% | 0.38% |
Asian alone (NH) | 41 | 46 | 47 | 0.24% | 0.39% | 0.52% |
Pacific Islander alone (NH) | 3 | 3 | 3 | 0.02% | 0.03% | 0.03% |
Some Other Race alone (NH) | 29 | 14 | 46 | 0.17% | 0.12% | 0.51% |
Mixed Race or Multi-Racial (NH) | 273 | 229 | 312 | 1.63% | 1.94% | 3.48% |
Hispanic or Latino (any race) | 95 | 156 | 175 | 0.57% | 1.32% | 1.95% |
Total | 16,746 | 11,776 | 8,977 | 100.00% | 100.00% | 100.00% |
2010 census
As of the
There were 4,645 households, of which 28.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 13.0% were married couples living together, 32.3% had a female householder with no husband present, 6.5% had a male householder with no wife present, and 48.2% were non-families. 43.4% of all households were made up of individuals, and 16.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.36 and the average family size was 3.30.
Highland Park had the highest percent of single people, 87%, of any city in Michigan.[26]
The median age in the city was 40.5 years. 23.7% of the city's population was under age 18; 10% was between age 18 and 24; 21.9% was from age 25 to 44; 30% was from age 45 to 64; and 14.4% was age 65 or older. The populace was 49.2% male and 50.8% female.
2000 census
As of the
There were 6,199 households, of which 27.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 17.0% were married couples living together, 33.4% had a female householder with no husband present, and 43.2% were non-families. 38.4% of all households were made up of individuals, and 15.6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.56 and the average family size was 3.43.
29.1% of the city's population was under the age of 18, 8.6% was from age 18 to 24, 27.5% was from age 25 to 44, 20.2% was from age 45 to 64, and 14.5% was 65 years of age or older. The median age was 34 years. For every 100 females, there were 85.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 79.6 males.
The city's median household income was $17,737, and the median family income was $26,484. Males had a median income of $31,014 versus $26,186 for females. The city's
Between the 1990 Census and the 2000 Census, the population fell by 17%.[27]
Government and infrastructure
Municipal services
Highland Park is governed under the
However, using the Public Act 72 of 1990, Governor John Engler appointed an emergency financial manager to take over the city's financial operations in December 2000, effectively relegating the mayor, city council, and other elected public officers to advisory roles. Ramona Henderson-Pearson was appointed the city's first emergency financial manager.[30] In 2002, Henderson-Pearson laid off most city workers. She shuttered several city buildings including the McGregor public library and the old Civic Center buildings on Gerald Street. Her successor, Arthur Blackwell, was appointed in 2005 and fired in April 2009 for over-payments that he received. The third and final emergency financial manager, Robert Mason, returned the city to local control in July 2009.[31][32]
The city administration works out of the Robert B. Blackwell Municipal Building at 12050 Woodward Avenue.
The old Municipal Building at 28‒30 Gerald Street was opened in 1927. Designed by
Police Department
The Highland Park Police Department was headquartered in a building opened at 25 Gerald Street in 1917. In 1984 the police and fire departments were merged into a
The police administrative offices are located in the Robert Blackwell Municipal Building,[36] and the patrol station is in a mini-station in the Model-T Plaza strip mall.[17][36] It has occupied that facility since 2007. The jail facility there is a makeshift chain-link cage.[17] The police department has a business liaison office in the Woodward Place Plaza.[36]
Fire Department
The village of Highland Park's fire department was established in 1911. It was housed in the first municipal building at 20 Gerald Street, designed by Albert E. Williams and opened in 1911. Given Highland Park's rapid growth and industrialization in the 1910s and 1920s, the police and the municipal government moved to purpose-built buildings in 1917 and 1927, respectively. The first municipal building was expanded and altered several times until it became the headquarters of the Highland Park Fire Department (HPFD), established in 1917.
At its peak, the fire department employed about 84 firefighters and had four fire stations across the city.[37] One of them was Engine 4, Ladder 3 at 19–21 Sturtevant Street, near Hamilton Avenue (demolished in 2013).[38]
Highland Park's shrinking population and tax base took its toll. In 1984 the police and fire departments were merged into a Public Safety Department. The fire department again became a separate entity in 2005. By that time, the headquarters building on Gerald Street was deemed uninhabitable. The department moved to an old, 40000 sq. ft. warehouse at 12900 Oakland Park Boulevard, near Oakland Avenue and the Davison Freeway at the edge of the city, where it remained until 2013.
A $2.7 million
Economy
Chrysler was headquartered in Highland Park.[40] In 1992 the company announced it would move its headquarters to its technology center in Auburn Hills, approximately 25 miles (40 km) north of the original headquarters site.[41] The company planned to accomplish the move by 1995. In 1992 Chrysler had 25% of Highland Park's tax base and contributed 50% of the city's budget.[42] Chrysler had about 5,000 employees in Highland Park when it moved.[15]
In 2009 Magna International announced plans to start an automotive seat production operation in the former Chrysler headquarters.[43] The plant on the site of the former Chrysler headquarters opened in June 2010.[44]
The gear-reduction starter Chrysler used from the early 1960s through the late 1980s garnered the nickname "Highland Park Hummingbird" after Chrysler's hometown and the starter's distinctive cranking sound.
Despite Chrysler's departure, the city remains associated with Chrysler in the minds of auto enthusiasts.[citation needed]
Education
Primary and secondary schools
Highland Park is served by
George Washington Carver Academy is a K-8 charter school that was originally authorized by academy. The school's 2008 mathematics and English standardized test scores for 4th grade students were invalidated after cheating had been discovered.[47] In 2013 the school participated in the "Students for Peace" competition in order to reduce the amount of fighting on campus; in 2012 91% of the students had received suspensions because they participated in fighting.[48] In 2016 it had 560 students, and it is managed by Midwest Management Group. That year it changed its authorizer to Bay Mills Community College out of concern that the Highland Park school district may collapse.[49]
Colleges and universities
Lawrence Technological University was founded in 1932 in Highland Park, MI by the Lawrence brothers as the Lawrence Institute of Technology and adopted its current name in 1989. Lawrence Tech moved to Southfield, Michigan from its site in Highland Park, Michigan in 1955.[50][51]
Highland Park Community College was in Highland Park before its 1996 closing.[52] It had been known as Highland Park Junior College.[53]
Public library
In 1918 Katherine and Tracy McGregor, wealthy individuals, deeded the property of a facility for "homeless, crippled, and backward children."[54] The McGregor Public Library opened on that site in 1924.[55] The library closed in 2002. Around 2007 the city began efforts to re-open the library.[56] However, little action has taken place to re-open the building.[57]
Parks and recreation
The Ernest T. Ford Recreation Center serves as a recreation center for the community. The center has a basketball court, exercise equipment, pool tables, table games, and televisions. After a renovation, it re-opened in February 2008.[58] In 1993 Highland Park Community College won the MCCAA Division 1 Men's Basketball Championship against Macomb Community College.
In popular culture
- 122 Beresford Street in Highland Park served as the filming location for a scene in the 2002 film 8 Mile where several of the movie's characters burn down an abandoned home. While the film company agreed to make a donation to the municipality, there were still protests in Highland Park given the city went through an arson spree that same year.[59]
- Highland Park is featured in the 2005 film Four Brothers, where it is the site of an armed convenience store robbery.[60]
- The 2007 documentary The Water Front chronicled the community's struggle against water privatization.[61]
- The 2008 film Gran Torino, starring and directed by Clint Eastwood, is primarily filmed in Highland Park.[62]
- A movie about a fictional lottery winner's attempt to reopen the McGregor Library, entitled Highland Park, starring Danny Glover, was filmed in October 2009 and released on video on demand in 2013.[63][64]
- Highland Park Ford Plant was one of the locations for the 2011 film Real Steel.[65]
- Highland Park was featured in an episode of American Diner Revival where they refurbished Red Hots Coney Island diner.[66]
- Highland Park serves as one of the stages in FEMAinternment camp and as a temporary base of operations for both Belltower Spec-ops soldiers and the Tyrants.
Notable people
- Ross Andru (1927–1993), comic book artist
- Pepper Adams (1930–1986), jazz saxophonist
- Edwin Baker (born 1991), football player
- Ed Budde (1940–2023), football player
- Rex Cawley (1940–2022), athlete
- John Conyers (1929–2019), former U.S. Representative
- Todd Cruz (1955–2008), baseball player
- Ike Delock (1929–2022), baseball pitcher
- Terry Duerod (1956–2020), basketball player
- Bill Haley (1925–1981), rock and roll musician, born in Highland Park[67]
- Butch Hartman (born 1965), animator
- Brad Havens (born 1959), baseball pitcher
- Bobby Joe Hill (1943–2002), basketball player, 1966 national champion point guard for Texas Western, the first all-black starting lineup in NCAA history.
- Telma Hopkins (born 1948), actress, singer
- Doc Kimmel (1926–2022), physician and Florida state legislator
- Dick Lane (1927–2018), baseball player
- Joan Leslie (1925–2015), actress
- Adele Mara (1923–2010), actress
- Keith McKenzie (born 1973), football player
- Reggie McKenzie (born 1950), football player
- Tim Meadows (born 1961), actor
- Elvis Mitchell (born 1958), film critic and author
- Moodymann, DJ and music producer
- Billy Pierce (1927–2015), baseball player
- Ted Simmons (born 1949), baseball player
- Johnny Werhas (born 1938), baseball player and minister
- Jackie Wilson (1934–1984), soul singer
- James C. Turner(born 1946), filmmaker
See also
- History of the African-Americans in Metro Detroit
Additional sources
- Binelli, Mark. ISBN 978-0-8050-9229-5(hardback version).
- Howell, Sally. "Competing for Muslims: New Strategies for Urban Renewal in Detroit". Located in: Shryock, Andrew (editor). ISBN 0253004543.
- Boscarino, Timothy and Webb, Michael. "Description and History, Highland Park Civic Center". Prepared for the Steven C. Flum, Inc. and the City of Highland Park, November 2013.
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- ^ a b c d e Highland Park 2011 Master Plan Archived March 17, 2012, at the Wayback Machine, accessed October 20, 2011
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- Detroit Public Schools. Retrieved February 24, 2021.
All 8th grade students from Highland Park are encouraged to call Detroit Collegiate Preparatory Academy at Northwestern for enrollment.
- ^ Lewis, Sharon D. (May 28, 2015). "Highland Park's high school to close as enrollment dips". The Detroit News. Retrieved June 23, 2015.
Weatherspoon said high school students from Highland Park can enroll in nearby Detroit Public Schools, another neighboring district, a charter school or the state-run Education Achievement Authority. DPS will be the students' home district.
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