Huda bin Abdul Haq
Huda bin Abdul Haq | |
---|---|
Amrozi bin Nurhasyim | |
Details | |
Date | 12 October 2002 23:05 CIT (UTC+08:00) |
Location(s) | Bali, Indonesia |
Target(s) | Two nightclubs with Western clientele, US Consular office |
Killed | 202 |
Injured | 209 |
Weapons | Suicide bombing, car bomb, and bomb vest using potassium chlorate |
Date apprehended | 4 December 2002 |
Notes | |
Huda bin Abdul Haq (
Early life and background
Different reports place Muklas' birthdate at either 2 February or 9 February 1960, in Solokuro,
After graduating from Al-Mukmin, Muklas continued his
Political and religious activism
Jemaah Islamiyah
After the eventual defeat of the Soviet Union and installation of the Taliban as Afghanistan's rulers, Muklas returned to Southeast Asia to conduct operations for Jemaah Islamiyah. He was named head of JI's "Mantiqi One", a regional network covering Sumatra, Singapore, Malaysia and southern Thailand.
Muklas then co-founded an Islamic school in Malaysia that was used to train JI operatives.
Lukmanul Hakiem
In 1991, Muklas, at the behest of
Abu Bakar Bashir, Abdullah Sungkar, Muklas, Noordin Top, all taught at the school. JI bomb maker Azahari Husin served on the board of directors. Noordin Top was promoted to director, when Malaysian law was adjusted, however Muklas continued to operate as leader by proxy.[5]
2002 Bali bombing
Muklas admitted to being present and in command at the planning meetings for the Bali bombings, and recruited two of his brothers to help assemble and transport the bombs used in the Bali attacks. Approximately US$35,000 was contributed to the Bali bombings by Wan Min Wan Mat, a leader of the JI network in Malaysia. This money was transferred through Hambali, Jemaah Islamiyah's head of operations. The money was provided in cash and according to claims by Muklas, the money was not just used for the bombings in Bali, but also in other attacks in Indonesia.[4]
After acquiring al-Qaeda funds, Muklas recruited two of his brothers to handle the logistics of the bomb plot. His younger brother Amrozi, was convicted who is also situated on "death row" for his conviction in the attack, personally selected the
Capture
On 4 December 2002, Muklas was arrested while hiding in the Central Javanese town of Solo.[3] He confessed to police that he was the head of one of Jemaah Islamiyah's four cells and had ordered the Bali bombings. He admitted to being present and in command at the planning meetings for the Bali bombings, and that he had recruited two of his brothers to help assemble and transport the bombs used in the attacks.[3]
He also confessed that another Jemaah Islamiyah leader Riduan Isamuddin, (also known as Hambali), had provided the funds for the attacks. In a transcript of his police interview he explained:[citation needed]
I do not know for sure the source of the aforementioned money from Hambali, most probably it was from Afghanistan, that is, from Sheikh Osama bin Laden. As far as I know, Hambali did not have a source of funds except from Afghanistan.
— Muklas' confession in a police interview following his arrest.
Wan Min bin Wan Mat, a JI leader in Malaysia, later revealed to police that at Hambali's request he had given Muklas cash of approximately US$35,000 for the operation. He also asserted that the money had come directly from al-Qaeda, and that the money was not just to be used for the bombings in Bali, but also for other attacks in Indonesia.[6] At his trial, two hundred witnesses linked Muklas with the attacks.[citation needed]
Speaking to documentarian Daniel Rudi Haryanto from prison, Muklas stated (translated into English by Haryanto):[7]
Now, I'm being rested here under God's will. If sometime I'm cast away to wheresoever by government, that's Jihad Fisabillillah. And if I'm sentenced to death penalty, that's also Fisabillillah. That's my belief. Whatever will happen to us, we're entrusted to God.
Trial and sentence
His trial began on 16 June 2003. During his trial Mukhlas accuses police interrogators of torturing him into confessing a role in the attacks. He asks the court to ignore his earlier admissions of guilt.[3] Before a panel of five Indonesian judges, on 2 October Muklas was found guilty of coordinating an act of terrorism and sentenced to death. He was the third Bali bomber to receive the death penalty after his brother Amrozi and Imam Samudra. Muklas showed no remorse during the proceedings and used his time in court to denounce George W. Bush and the United States. He declared that the terrorist atrocity was "carried out to avenge the suffering of Muslims at the hands of America and Israel."[8] Judge Cokorda Rai Suamba summed up the trial saying:[8]
The defendant has been legally and convincingly proven guilty of having, together with the others, planned an act of terrorism and also of being in illegal possession of explosives, We punish the defendant with the death sentence.
— Judge Cokorda Rai Suamba at the sentencing of Muklas, October 2003.
Upon hearing the sentence he immediately started screaming "
Execution
Originally incarcerated in Denpasar's prison, he was moved to the high-security prison island of
According to a source in Indonesia's Attorney General Office, the executions were to be done before the end of Sunday, 9 November 2008. This was reportedly delayed from the original plan to allow a representative from the family to identify the body post-execution. From Mukhlas's family, his younger brother, Ali Fauzi were sent as a representative of his family.[13][14]
Mukhlas, along with Amrozi bin Nurhasyim and Imam Samudra were executed on 00:15 on 9 November 2008.[15]
See also
References
- ^ a b c "Mukhlas (aka Ali Ghufron)". CNN. Archived from the original on 21 January 2016. Retrieved 20 January 2015.
- ^ a b "The 12 October 2002 Bali bombing plot". BBC News Asia. BBC. 11 October 2012. Retrieved 20 January 2015.
- ^ a b c d e f "Timeline: Bali bomb trials". BBC News. 8 November 2008. Retrieved 20 January 2015.
- ^ a b c d e Lumpkin, John (16 November 2006). "Huda bin Abdul Haq". Homeland Security. GlobalSecurity.org. Retrieved 20 January 2015.
- ^ Magourik, Justin. Connecting A Thousand Points of Hatred (PDF) (Thesis). University of Michigan. Retrieved 20 January 2015.
- United States-Indonesia Society. Archived from the original(PDF) on 26 March 2009.
- IMDb.
- ^ a b c "Mastermind Muklas sentenced to firing squad". The Sydney Morning Herald. Agence France-Presse. 2 October 2003. Retrieved 20 January 2015.
- ^ "Bali bomber says JI caretaker chief opposed bombings". The Age. AFP. 23 December 2003. Retrieved 20 January 2015.
- ^ O'Connor, Patrick (5 November 2008). "Three men convicted over 2002 Bali bombings set to be executed". World Socialist Web. International Committee of the Fourth International. Retrieved 20 January 2015.
- ^ a b "Bali bombers' execution date set". BBC News. BBC. 24 October 2008. Retrieved 24 October 2008.
- ^ Thompson, Geoff (1 October 2008). "Bali bombers threaten revenge over executions". ABC News. Australia. Retrieved 1 October 2008.
- ^ "Negosiasi Dini Hari dan Pilihan yang Sulit". Detik.com (in Indonesian). 2008. Retrieved 8 November 2008.
- ^ "Three Bali Bombers May Be Executed Tonight, Indonesia Says". Bloomberg. 2008. Retrieved 8 November 2008.
- ^ "Bali bomb burials stoke tensions". BBC News. BBC. 2008. Archived from the original on 16 December 2008. Retrieved 9 November 2008.
External links
- "Terrorism in Indonesia: Noordins Networks", International Crisis Group
- "Combating JI in Indonesia"[dead link] Ng Boon Yian
- Jemaah Islamiyah Shown to Have Significant Ties to al Qaeda
- Learning by Doing:Al Qaeda's Allies in Southeast Asia
- Terrorism Perpetrated and Terrorists Apprehended
- Interpol notice on Muklas