Japanese submarine I-166

Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.

History
Empire of Japan
NameI-66
Builder
Sasebo Navy Yard, Sasebo, Japan
Laid down8 November 1929
Launched2 June 1931
Completed10 November 1932
Commissioned10 November 1932
Decommissioned1 November 1934
Recommissioned1 December 1936
Decommissioned1 December 1937
Recommissioned1 September 1939
RenamedI-166 on 20 May 1942
FateSunk by HMS Telemachus, 17 July 1944
Stricken10 September 1944
General characteristics
Class and type
Kaidai-class submarine
(KD5 Type)
Displacement
  • 1,732 tonnes (1,705 long tons) surfaced
  • 2,367 tonnes (2,330 long tons) submerged
Length97.7 m (320 ft 6 in)
Beam8.2 m (26 ft 11 in)
Draft4.7 m (15 ft 5 in)
Installed power
  • 6,000 bhp (4,500 kW) (diesels)
  • 1,800 hp (1,300 kW) (electric motors)
Propulsion
Speed
  • 20 knots (37 km/h; 23 mph) surfaced
  • 8.25 knots (15.28 km/h; 9.49 mph) submerged
Range
  • 10,800 nmi (20,000 km; 12,400 mi) at 10 knots (19 km/h; 12 mph) surfaced
  • 60 nmi (110 km; 69 mi) at 3 knots (5.6 km/h; 3.5 mph) submerged
Test depth70 m (230 ft)
Complement75
Armament

I-66, later I-166, was a

Japanese invasion of Malaya and the invasion of Sarawak, taking part in the Battle of Midway, and conducting numerous war patrols in the Indian Ocean
before was sunk in July 1944.

Design and description

The submarines of the KD5 sub-class were improved versions of the preceding KD4 sub-class. They displaced 1,732 tonnes (1,705 long tons) surfaced and 2,367 tonnes (2,330 long tons) submerged. The submarines were 97.7 meters (320 ft 6 in) long, had a beam of 8.2 meters (26 ft 11 in) and a draft of 4.7 meters (15 ft 5 in). The boats had a diving depth of 75 m (246 ft)[1]

For surface running, the boats were powered by two 3,400-

propeller shaft. When submerged each propeller was driven by a 900-horsepower (671 kW) electric motor. They could reach 20 knots (37 km/h; 23 mph) on the surface and 8 knots (15 km/h; 9.2 mph) underwater. On the surface, the KD5s had a range of 10,800 nautical miles (20,000 km; 12,400 mi) at 10 knots (19 km/h; 12 mph); submerged, they had a range of 60 nmi (110 km; 69 mi) at 3 knots (5.6 km/h; 3.5 mph).[2]

The boats were armed with six internal 53.3 cm (21.0 in)

anti-aircraft machinegun.[1]

Construction and commissioning

Built by the

laid down on 8 November 1929 and launched on 2 June 1931.[3] She was completed and accepted into Imperial Japanese Navy service on 10 November 1932.[3]

Service history

Pre-World War II

Upon commissioning, I-66 was assigned to Submarine Division 30 in the

decommissioned on 1 November 1934 and placed in reserve.[3] Recommissioned on or about 1 December 1936, she was in active service for a year before again decommissioning on 1 December 1937 and going back into reserve.[3] She again was recommissioned on or about 1 September 1939.[3]

On 11 October 1940, I-66 took part along with 97 other Japanese warships and 527 Japanese naval aircraft in an Imperial Naval Review in Tokyo Bay.[3] A little over a year later, early on the morning of 21 October 1941, she collided with the submarine I-7 in Saeki Bay during naval maneuvers.[3] Both submarines suffered only light damage.[3]

As the Imperial Japanese Navy began to deploy in preparation for the impending

Hainan Island in China.[3] I-66 and I-65 arrived at Samah on 2 December 1941.[3]

World War II

First war patrol

On 5 December 1941, I-66 departed Samah to begin what would become her first war patrol.

bow at a range of 5,500 yards (5,030 m).[3] After a submerged approach, I-66 fired a single torpedo at 10:28.[3] It struck K XVI, which broke in two and sank at 02°26′N 109°49′E / 2.433°N 109.817°E / 2.433; 109.817 (K XVI) with the loss of her entire crew of 36.[3] On 4 October 2011, Australian divers located the wreck of K XVI, broken in half and at a depth of 50 metres (164 ft).[3]

Reassigned to Patrol Unit "B" on 25 December 1941,[3] I-66 concluded her patrol by arriving at Cam Ranh Bay in Japanese-occupied French Indochina on 27 December 1941.[3]

Second war patrol

As a unit of Patrol Group "B," I-66 was among submarines tasked with attacking

capsized on 14 January 1942, becoming a total loss.[3]

At 15:16 on 21 January 1942, I-66 torpedoed the

Madras, India, to Rangoon — in the Bay of Bengal southwest of Bassein, Burma, at 05:25.[3] I-66 then surfaced and sank Chak Sang with gunfire at 15°42′N 095°02′E / 15.700°N 95.033°E / 15.700; 95.033 (SS Chak Sang).[3] Five of the 66-member crew of Chak Sang perished. I-66 completed her patrol with her arrival at Penang on 29 January 1942.[3]

Third war patrol

During I-66′s stay at Penang, the commander of Submarine Division 30 transferred his flag to her.[3] On 9 February 1942, she set out from Penang to begin her third war patrol, during which she was to patrol in the Indian Ocean off Ceylon.[3] On 14 February 1942 at 08:17, while she was operating east of Trincomalee, Ceylon, she torpedoed the British 2,076-gross register ton Straits Steamship Company steamer Kamuning — which was carrying a cargo of rice from Rangoon to Colombo, Ceylon — at 08°35′N 081°44′E / 8.583°N 81.733°E / 8.583; 81.733.[3] She then surfaced and opened fire on Kamuning with her deck gun.[3] Six of Kamuning′s 69-member crew were killed.[3] The disabled steamer remained afloat, but while under tow to Trincomalee she sank at 08°35′N 081°26′E / 8.583°N 81.433°E / 8.583; 81.433 (SS Kamuning).[3] I-66 returned to Penang on 2 March 1942.[3]

March–May 1942

On 15 March 1942, I-66 departed Penang for Sasebo, where she arrived on 28 March 1942.

Kwajalein, deploying in support of Operation MI, the planned invasion of Midway Atoll.[3][5][6][7] During her voyage, she was renumbered I-166 on 20 May 1942.[3] She arrived at Kwajalein on 24 May 1942.[3]

Fourth war patrol: The Battle of Midway

On 26 May 1942, I-166 departed Kwajalein for her fourth war patrol, operating in support of Operation MI, the planned Japanese invasion of

Vice Admiral Teruhisa Komatsu, ordered the 15 submarines in the Japanese submarine patrol line to move westward.[8]

After the commander-in-chief of the Combined Fleet, Admiral Isoroku Yamamoto, ordered Komatsu to interpose his submarines between the retreating Japanese fleet and the opposing United States Navy aircraft carriers,[8] the Japanese submarines, including I-166, began a gradual movement to the north-northwest, moving at 3 knots (5.6 km/h; 3.5 mph) by day and 14 knots (26 km/h; 16 mph) after dark.[8] I-166 made no contact with enemy forces during the battle,[3][8] and her patrol concluded with her arrival at Sasebo on 26 June 1942.[3]

June–August 1942

I-166 underwent an overhaul while at Sasebo.[3] During her stay, Submarine Squadron 5 was disbanded on 10 July 1942 and her division, Submarine Division 30, was reassigned to the Southwest Area Fleet.[3] With her overhaul complete, she departed Sasebo on 22 July 1942 bound for Penang, where she arrived on 6 August 1942.[3]

Fifth war patrol

I-166 began her fifth war patrol on 11 August 1942, departing Penang for an operating area in the Indian Ocean.[3] During the patrol she reported sinking two Allied merchant ships, on 16 and 17 August 1942.[3] She returned to Penang on 31 August 1942.[3]

Sixth war patrol

On 18 September 1942, I-166 set out from Penang for her sixth war patrol, bound for an operating area in the Indian Ocean.[3] She attacked an unidentified Allied merchant ship on 29 September 1942, but her torpedoes missed and the ship escaped.[3] On 1 October 1942, she landed three Indian National Army agents on Ceylon.[3] Later that day, she attacked the Panamanian 1,201-gross register ton armed merchant ship Camila with gunfire at 13:10 at 08°10′N 077°41′E / 8.167°N 77.683°E / 8.167; 77.683 (Camila).[3] The attack set Camila on fire and she was beached, becoming a total loss.[3] I-166 returned to Penang on 11 October 1942.[3]

Seventh war patrol

I-166 departed Penang on 5 November 1942 to begin her seventh war patrol, again in the Indian Ocean.

Cape Comorin, India, she torpedoed the British 5,332-gross register ton armed merchant ship Cranfield, which was on a voyage from Calcutta to Suez, Egypt.[3] Cranfield sank at 08°26′N 076°42′E / 8.433°N 76.700°E / 8.433; 76.700 (Cranfield) with the loss of nine lives; there were 67 survivors.[3] I-166 returned to Penang on 28 November 1942.[3]

Eighth war patrol

On 5 December 1942, I-166 left Penang for her eighth war patrol, assigned an operating area in the Indian Ocean off the northwest coast of Australia.[3] Soon after she left, she received orders to divert from her patrol to bombard Cocos Island.[3] She shelled the island on 25 December 1942, but otherwise saw no action, and concluded her patrol by arriving at Surabaya, Java, on 27 December 1942.[3]

January–July 1943

I-166 soon departed Surabaya bound for Sasebo, where she arrived on 19 January 1943.

drydocked there. With repairs and an overhaul complete, she departed Sasebo in early July 1943 and proceeded to Surabaya, which she reached in mid-July 1943.[3]

Ninth and tenth war patrols

Not long after her arrival at Surabaya, I-166 embarked on her ninth war patrol, assigned an operating area in the Indian Ocean between Fremantle, Australia, and Lombok Strait.[3] The patrol was uneventful and concluded with her arrival at Balikpapan, Borneo, on 10 September 1943.[3] On 11 September 1943 she departed Balikpapan bound for Singapore, where she arrived on 13 September 1943.[3] Reassigned to the Southwest Area Fleet, she got underway from Singapore on 23 September 1943 and arrived at Penang on 25 September 1943.[3]

On 9 October 1943, I-166 departed Penang and, after refueling at Sabang on the northern coast of Sumatra, headed into the Indian Ocean for her tenth war patrol.[3] In late October 1943 she attacked an unidentified Allied merchant ship off Colombo, Ceylon, but scored no hits.[3] She returned to Penang on 13 November 1943.[3]

Eleventh and twelfth war patrols

I-166 began her eleventh war patrol on 7 December 1943, getting underway from Penang for an operating area in the Indian Ocean.

Eight Degree Channel.[3] She made no attacks on shipping, and returned to Penang on 9 January 1944.[3]

Departing Penang on 7 February 1944, I-166 conducted her twelfth war patrol in the Indian Ocean and Bay of Bengal.[3] On 19 February 1944, she fired two torpedoes at the British 6,943-gross register ton armed tanker British Fusilier, but both missed and British Fusilier escaped.[3] I-166 returned to Penang on 13 March 1944.[3]

March–July 1944

On 25 March 1944, I-166′s division, Submarine Division 3, was reassigned to Submarine Squadron 8.

antisubmarine warfare targets for Japanese destroyers during 2nd Fleet exercises.[3]

Loss

On 17 July 1944, the

sound contact on I-166 shortly afterwards.[3] At 0720, Telemachus fired six torpedoes at a range of 1,500 yards (1,370 m), Telemachus broaching briefly because the torpedoes were of a new, heavier type than Telemachus′s crew was accustomed to firing.[3] After 92 seconds, one torpedo hit I-166′s stern, causing a violent explosion.[3] I-166 sank in 130 feet (40 m) of water at 02°48′N 101°03′E / 2.800°N 101.050°E / 2.800; 101.050 (I-166).[3] Ten members of her crew were blown overboard and survived.[3] The other 88 men on board were killed.[3]

The Japanese 15th Special Base Unit at Penang sent the

Imperial Japanese Army Air Force Mitsubishi Ki-21 (Allied reporting name "Sally") heavy bomber, to find and sink Telemachus.[3] Wa-4 dropped 12 depth charges and the Ki-21 dropped two 60-kilogram (132 lb) general-purpose bombs, but Telemachus escaped without damage.[3]

On 10 September 1944, I-166 was stricken from the Navy List.

Notes

  1. ^ a b Carpenter & Polmar, p. 93
  2. ^ a b Bagnasco, p. 183
  3. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bd be bf bg bh bi bj bk bl bm bn bo bp bq br bs bt bu bv bw bx by bz ca cb cc cd ce cf cg ch ci cj ck cl cm cn co cp cq Hackett, Bob; Kingsepp, Sander (2016). "IJN Submarine I-166: Tabular Record of Movement". combinedfleet.com. Retrieved 31 July 2020.
  4. ^ Hackett, Bob; Kingsepp, Sander (2017). "IJN Submarine I-164: Tabular Record of Movement". combinedfleet.com. Retrieved 31 July 2020.
  5. ^ Hackett, Bob; Kingsepp, Sander (2017). "IJN Submarine I-162: Tabular Record of Movement". combinedfleet.com. Retrieved 31 July 2020.
  6. ^ "MilitaryHistoryOnline.com". www.militaryhistoryonline.com. Retrieved 4 May 2023.
  7. ^ Spennemann, Dirk HR (June 2009). "The Cultural Landscape of the World War II Battlefield of Kiska, Aleutian Islands" (PDF). National Park Service.
  8. ^ a b c d e Hackett, Bob; Kingsepp, Sander (1 May 2016). "IJN Submarine I-156: Tabular Record of Movement". combinedfleet.com. Retrieved 17 January 2022.

References

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