Kütahya

Coordinates: 39°25′N 29°59′E / 39.417°N 29.983°E / 39.417; 29.983
Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
For the Turkish handball player, see Cemal Kütahya.

Kütahya
Municipality
Kütahya view
Kütahya view
Official logo of Kütahya
Logo
Kütahya is located in Turkey
Kütahya
Kütahya
Location in Turkey
Kütahya is located in Turkey Aegean
Kütahya
Kütahya
Kütahya (Turkey Aegean)
Coordinates: 39°25′N 29°59′E / 39.417°N 29.983°E / 39.417; 29.983
CountryTurkey
ProvinceKütahya
DistrictKütahya
Government
 • MayorEyüp Kahveci[1] (CHP)
Elevation
970 m (3,180 ft)
Population
 (2022)[2]
263,863
Time zoneUTC+3 (TRT)
Postal code
43000
Area code0274
Websitewww.kutahya.bel.tr

Kütahya (Turkish pronunciation: [cyˈtahja]; historically, Cotyaeum or Kotyaion; Greek: Κοτύαιον) is a city in western Turkey which lies on the Porsuk River, at 969 metres above sea level. It is the seat of Kütahya Province and Kütahya District.[3] Its population is 263,863 (2022).[2] The region of Kütahya has large areas of gentle slopes with agricultural land culminating in high mountain ridges to the north and west.

History

Ancient Greece, Rome, and Byzantium

The ancient city of Aizanoi in Kütahya
Kütahya Archaeological Museum
Kütahya Archaeological Museum

The ancient world knew present-day Kütahya as Cotyaeum (Κοτύαιον). It became part of the

Phrygia Salutaris,[4]
but in about 820 became the capital of the new province of Phrygia Salutaris III.

Church history

Its bishopric thus changed from being a

Council of Constantinople (879),[6][7][8] No longer a residential bishopric, Cotyaeum is today listed by the Catholic Church as a titular see.[9]

Justinian fortifications

Under the reign of Byzantine Emperor Justinian I the town was fortified with a double-line of walls and citadel.

Seljuk, Crusader and Ottoman periods

Political history, 11th century-1867

In 1071 Cotyaeum (or Kotyaion) briefly fell to the

Hüdavendigâr Vilayet in 1867. Troops of Ibrahim Pasha of Egypt
briefly occupied it in 1833.

Armenian ceramics

During this time a large number of Christian

Sir Ronald Storrs, and arranged for Ohannessian to travel to Jerusalem to participate in a planned British restoration of the Dome of the Rock.[13]

Fortifications

The fortifications of the city and its environs, which were vital to the security and economic prosperity of the region, were built and rebuilt from antiquity through the Ottoman period.[14] However, the dates assigned to the many periods of construction and the assessment of the military architecture are open to various interpretations.[15]

Late 19th-early 20th century history

At the end of the nineteenth century the population of the

Turkish Army after the Battle of Dumlupınar during the Great Offensive on 30 August 1922.[17][18]

Economy

Kütahya ceramics, covered bowl, second half of the 18th century
Temple of Zeus in ancient city of Aizanoi. Tourism is an important economic of the city.
House of Evliya Çelebi

The industries of Kütahya have long traditions, going back to ancient times.

Kütahya is famous for its

meerschaum
, which is extracted nearby.

In the Ottoman period, Kütahya was a major cotton production center of the empire.

fruits and sugar beet. In addition stock raising is of much importance. Not far from Kütahya there are important mines extracting lignite
.

Kütahya is linked by rail and road with Balıkesir 250 km (155 mi) to the west, İstanbul 360km to the northwest, Konya 450 km (280 mi) to the southeast, Eskişehir 70 km (43 mi) northeast and Ankara 300 km (186 mi) east.

Traditional ceramics

A small

İznik pottery industry at the beginning of the 18th century. This chronology has been generally accepted.[22]

Climate

Kütahya has a warm-summer Mediterranean climate (Köppen climate classification: Csb), or a temperate continental climate (Trewartha climate classification: Dc), with chilly, wet, often snowy winters and warm, dry summers. Precipitation occurs mostly during the winter and spring, but can be observed throughout the year.

Climate data for Kütahya (1991–2020, extremes 1929–2020)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 17.1
(62.8) 		24.2
(75.6) 		27.0
(80.6) 		30.2
(86.4) 		34.3
(93.7) 		36.2
(97.2) 		39.5
(103.1) 		38.8
(101.8) 		38.4
(101.1) 		31.9
(89.4) 		25.4
(77.7) 		21.7
(71.1) 		39.5
(103.1)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) 5.1
(41.2) 		7.7
(45.9) 		11.8
(53.2) 		16.8
(62.2) 		21.9
(71.4) 		25.9
(78.6) 		29.2
(84.6) 		29.4
(84.9) 		25.4
(77.7) 		19.7
(67.5) 		13.2
(55.8) 		6.8
(44.2) 		17.7
(63.9)
Daily mean °C (°F) 0.6
(33.1) 		2.3
(36.1) 		5.8
(42.4) 		10.2
(50.4) 		15.0
(59.0) 		18.8
(65.8) 		21.6
(70.9) 		21.6
(70.9) 		17.4
(63.3) 		12.4
(54.3) 		6.6
(43.9) 		2.4
(36.3) 		11.2
(52.2)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) −2.7
(27.1) 		−1.8
(28.8) 		0.8
(33.4) 		4.4
(39.9) 		8.6
(47.5) 		12.0
(53.6) 		14.5
(58.1) 		14.7
(58.5) 		10.4
(50.7) 		6.7
(44.1) 		2.0
(35.6) 		−0.7
(30.7) 		5.7
(42.3)
Record low °C (°F) −26.3
(−15.3) 		−27.4
(−17.3) 		−16.6
(2.1) 		−7.8
(18.0) 		−2.8
(27.0) 		0.5
(32.9) 		2.6
(36.7) 		−0.2
(31.6) 		−3.9
(25.0) 		−6.9
(19.6) 		−11.0
(12.2) 		−28.1
(−18.6) 		−28.1
(−18.6)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 64.2
(2.53) 		53.3
(2.10) 		53.0
(2.09) 		52.8
(2.08) 		57.5
(2.26) 		43.6
(1.72) 		19.2
(0.76) 		24.6
(0.97) 		26.7
(1.05) 		43.2
(1.70) 		45.3
(1.78) 		67.2
(2.65) 		550.6
(21.68)
Average precipitation days 12.47 11.30 11.67 12.30 12.73 8.90 3.83 4.57 6.00 8.80 8.70 11.80 113.1
Mean monthly sunshine hours 68.2 98.9 145.7 189.0 229.4 273.0 319.3 297.6 225.0 161.2 114.0 65.1 2,186.4
Mean daily sunshine hours 2.2 3.5 4.7 6.3 7.4 9.1 10.3 9.6 7.5 5.2 3.8 2.1 6.0
Source: Turkish State Meteorological Service[23]

Culture

Kütahya's old neighbourhoods are dominated by traditional Ottoman houses made of wood and stucco, some of the best examples being found along Germiyan Caddesi. It has many historical mosques such as Ulu Camii, Cinili Camii, Balikli Camii and Donenler Camii. The Şengül Hamamı is a famous Turkish bath located in the city

The town preserves some ancient ruins, a Byzantine castle and church. During late centuries Kütahya has been renowned for its Turkish earthenware, of which fine specimens may be seen at the national capital. The Kütahya Museum has a fine collection of arts and cultural artifacts from the area, the house where

Hungarian statesman Lajos Kossuth lived in exile between 1850 and 1851 is preserved as a museum.[1] Archived 2011-07-21 at the Wayback Machine

  • Kütahya Old houses in Sultanbağı region
    Kütahya Old houses in Sultanbağı region
  • Kütahya Old houses in Sultanbağı region
    Kütahya Old houses in Sultanbağı region
  • Kütahya City Museum
    Kütahya City Museum
  • Kütahya City Museum Felt maker
    Kütahya City Museum Felt maker
  • Kütahya City Museum Saddle maker
    Kütahya City Museum Saddle maker
  • Kütahya City Museum Biscuit maker
    Kütahya City Museum Biscuit maker
  • Kütahya archaeological museum Stele
    Kütahya archaeological museum Stele
  • Kutahya Ceramics museum
    Kutahya Ceramics museum
  • Kutahya Ceramics museum Figurines
    Kutahya Ceramics museum Figurines
  • Kütahya Lajos Kossuth house
    Kütahya Lajos Kossuth house
  • Kütahya Lajos Kossuth house
    Kütahya Lajos Kossuth house
  • Kütahya Ulu Cami
    Kütahya Ulu Cami
  • Kutahya Dönenler Mosque
    Kutahya Dönenler Mosque
  • Kütahya Dönenler Mosque
    Kütahya Dönenler Mosque
  • Kütahya Castle Hill
    Kütahya Castle Hill

Education

Kütahya Dumlupınar University

The Main Campus and the Germiyan Campus of the Kütahya Dumlupınar University are located in the city.

Transport

Zafer Airport

The main bus station has bus links to most major Turkish cities. Zafer Airport is active. Kütahya is also the main railroad endpoint for the Aegean region.

International relations

Main article: List of twin towns and sister cities in Turkey

Kütahya is

twinned
with:

Notable people

See also

Gallery

  • Rüstem Pasha Madrasa
    Rüstem Pasha Madrasa
  • Tiled Mosque
    Tiled Mosque
  • Evliya Çelebi Museum
    Evliya Çelebi Museum
  • Mother Sultan
    Mother Sultan
  • Kütahya Castle
    Kütahya Castle
  • Government House
    Government House
  • Grand Mosque
    Grand Mosque

References

  1. ^ "Kütahya Seçim Sonuçları: 31 Mart 2024". Sözcü (in Turkish). Retrieved 9 April 2024.
  2. ^
    TÜİK
    . Retrieved 22 May 2023.
  3. ^ İl Belediyesi, Turkey Civil Administration Departments Inventory. Retrieved 22 May 2023.
  4. ^ Heinrich Gelzer, Ungedruckte und ungenügend veröffentlichte Texte der Notitiae episcopatuum, in: Abhandlungen der philosophisch-historische classe der bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften, 1901, p. 540, nº 338.
  5. ^ Gelzer, op. cit., p. 559, nnº 650-653.
  6. OCLC 955922585
    .
  7. ^ Raymond Janin, v. Cotyaeum, in Dictionnaire d'Histoire et de Géographie ecclésiastiques, vol. 13, Paris 1956, coll. 938-940
  8. ^ Pius Bonifacius Gams, Series episcoporum Ecclesiae Catholicae, Leipzig 1931, p. 447
  9. ISBN 978-88-209-9070-1
    ), p. 875.
  10. ^ "History of Kutahya".
  11. ^ Hovannisian, Richard G. and Armen Manuk-Khaloyan, "The Armenian Communities of Asia Minor," in Armenian Communities of Asia Minor, ed. Richard G. Hovannisian. UCLA Armenian History and Culture Series: Historic Armenian Cities and Provinces, 13. Costa Mesa, CA: Mazda Publishers, 2014, pp. 32-34.
  12. ^ See Dickran Kouymjian, "The Role of Armenian Potters of Kutahia in the Ottoman Ceramic Industry," in Armenian Communities of Asia Minor, pp. 107-30.
  13. ^ Moughalian, Sato. Feast of Ashes: The Life and Art of David Ohannessian. Stanford, CA: Redwood Press, 2019.
  14. ^ Foss, Clive (1985). Survey of the Medieval Castles of Anatolia: Kütahya. Oxford, U.K.: BAR. pp. 12ff.
  15. ^ Edwards, Robert W., “Medieval Castles of Anatolia: Kütahya,” Speculum 62 (1987): pp. 675-680.
  16. ^ a b Hovannisian and Manuk-Khaloyan, "The Armenian Communities of Asia Minor," p. 34.
  17. ^ "Gamblers on Turkish Brink" (PDF).
  18. ^ "Kütahya". 11 January 2022.
  19. ^ Henry Glassie, Turkish Traditional Art Today Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1993, pp. 435 ff.
  20. S2CID 244587800
    .
  21. ^ 'Abraham of Kütahya' ewer, British Museum Accession Code: G.1
  22. ISBN 978-1-85669-054-6
    .
  23. ^ "Resmi İstatistikler: İllerimize Ait Mevism Normalleri (1991–2020)" (in Turkish). Turkish State Meteorological Service. Retrieved 1 May 2021.

Sources

 This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Herbermann, Charles, ed. (1913). "Cotiæum". Catholic Encyclopedia. New York: Robert Appleton Company.

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Kütahya.
Wikivoyage has a travel guide for Kütahya.
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