M10 motorway (Great Britain)

M10
M10
	M10 highlighted in blue
Route information
	Established by Ministry of Transport with Hertfordshire County Council and Tarmac Construction
Length	2.8 mi (4.5 km)
Time period	2 November 1959 – 1 May 2009
Cultural significance	Joint-second motorway in Great Britain
Related routes	M1 and M45
Major junctions
Northwest end	Hemel Hempstead
	; M1 motorway
Southeast end	St Albans
Location
Country	United Kingdom
Road network
	Roads in the United Kingdom; Motorways; A and B road zones;

The M10 was a

motorway in Hertfordshire, England, running for approximately 3 miles (4.5 km) from the M1 motorway at junction 7 near Hemel Hempstead to the A414 North Orbital Road at Park Street Roundabout, just south of St Albans

. Opened in 1959, it was reclassified as part of the A414 in 2009 having only been a spur motorway for 50 years.

History

The M10 opened on 2 November 1959 along with the M1 and M45, and was designed and constructed by Tarmac Construction^[1] as part of the St Albans bypass (along with the M1 between junctions 5 and 10).^[2]

At the time, the M1's southern terminus was at junction 5 at Berrygrove, with the main route from there to the

A6 to the A1 Barnet

Bypass.

The M45 was the equivalent distributing spur at the northern end of the M1, and is thus regarded as a sister motorway to the M10.

In later years, as the M1 was extended southwards into London and the M25 was built, the M10's original purpose eroded. It was sometimes suggested that the motorway might have been extended to meet the M25 at junction 22, but this was never proposed.^[4]

Downgrade

In December 2008, widening of the M1 between the M25 and

collector/distributor lanes built to link junction 8 of the M1, at Hemel Hempstead, with junction 7 and the M10.^[5] As traffic could now travel between Hemel Hempstead and Park Street Roundabout without having to access the M1, there was no need to keep the M10 as a motorway. Hence, on 1 May 2009, the M10 was downgraded to an A road

, and designated as part of the A414. This also released the "M10" designation for use elsewhere. This also had the added bonus of allowing lorries to park when waiting for access to a proposed rail freight depot. Otherwise if the proposed rail freight depot went ahead and it had remained a motorway there would have been nowhere for lorries to wait.