Gul Khan Nasir

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(Redirected from
Mir Gul Khan Naseer
)

Education Minister of Balochistan
In office
1 May 1972 – 13 February 1973
Chief MinisterAtaullah Mengal
Preceded byOffice established
Succeeded byGovernor's rule for 2 months
Personal details
Born14 May 1914
British India (present-day Balochistan, Pakistan)
Died6 December 1983(1983-12-06) (aged 69)
Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan
Political partyUsthman Gul, National Awami Party

Gul Khan Naseer (

Balochistan. Most of his work is in Balochi language, but he also wrote in English, Urdu, Brahui and Persian
.

Early life and education

Nasir was born in 1914 into a

Noshki during the British Raj. His father's name was Habib Khan and he belonged to the Paindzai family of the Zagar Mengal sub branch of the Mengal tribe. Gul Khan's mother "Bibi Hooran" belonged to the Bolazai branch of the Badini Rakshani.[1]

Gul Khan Nasir studied until Fourth Grade in his village.[

Islamia College Lahore.[citation needed] During his second year at Islamia College, a piece of coal went into his eye, causing him to leave education and return to Quetta.[citation needed
]

Lahore was then the hub of knowledge and political and social activities.[

Sardars). Nasir entered politics to campaign throughout Balochistan and end British rule over South Asia
and curbing the influence of tribal chiefs over Balochistan. [2]

Boxing

When he went to Lahore, Nasir saw the students taking part in different sports so he joined the college football team.[citation needed] He also learned how to box.[citation needed]

"Boxing helped Gul Khan Nasir get out of many a tight spot in his life" – Aqil Khan Mengal[3]

He participated in boxing tournaments.[citation needed] In the All India Universities Boxing Championship, he was the runner up. At this tournament he broke his nose.[4]

Kalat State National Party

After the ban on "

Mir Ghaus Bakhsh Bizenjo was also taking part as a representative of a Karachi-based political party, some armed men, allegedly sent by the local sardars tried to disrupt the rally by firing at the participants. After that all the members of the Party who had government jobs resigned and were arrested.[citation needed
] This was the incident which caused Mir Ghaus Bakhsh Bizenjo to join the KSNP. After some time the Khan reconciled with the KSNP leaders and re-employed them as government officials. Once again tensions rose between the KSNP and the Khan of Kalat and the KSNP leadership resigned once again. Paul Titus and Nina Swidler in their article "Knights Not Pawns: Ethno-Nationalism and Regional Dynamics in Post-Colonial Balochistan" write:

The Khan attempted to play off nationalist and sardari differences by maintaining his authority as the traditional head of the Balochi tribes while appealing to the leaders of the Balochi nation. This was not always possible, and by 1939 the activities of the nationalists had so antagonized the sardars and British that they pressured the Khan to declare KSNP illegal in Kalat State. The ban on the party was lifted after World War II, though antagonism between the sardars and nationalists remained. In March 1946, for example the Balochi activist poet Gul Khan Nasir was expelled from Kalat State following complaints to the agent to the Governor-General in Balochistan from the Badini, Jamaldini and Zagar Mengal sardars. They claimed that Nasir and other activists had created disturbances in the town of

Noshki by making speeches charging that the sardars were appropriating and selling local residents' wheat rations.[5]

Muslim League

After Kalat's accession to

Mir Ghaus Bakhsh Bizenjo and Gul Khan Nasir to persuade them into joining the Muslim League with the Khan. Both Gul Khan and Ghaus Bakhsh thought that joining the ML would provide them the platform they needed to raise the voice for Kalat's rights. But at the end they decided not to join the Muslim League..[6]

Usthman Gal

In the years that followed, Pakistan went through many changes. In 1954 the

Agha Abdul Karim Khan (the brother of the Khan of Kalat), Mohammad Hussain Anqa and Qadir Bux Nizamani[7] formed the political party "Usthman Gal" which is Balochi for "The People's Party". Agha Abdul Karim was elected as the President of this party.[citation needed
]

Pakistan National Party

In 1956, various political parties of

Pakistan National Party. In this way, the Pakistan National Party emerged as the largest Left-Wing Political Party in West Pakistan.[citation needed
]

National Awami Party

In 1957, the PNP merged with the

Maulana Bhashani's Awami League to form the National Awami Party as a nationwide political force. It was the principal opposition party to the military regime for much of the late 1950s and mid-1960s.[citation needed] The party split in 1969 into two factions; the head of one faction remained in newly-formed Bangladesh, while the remaining faction became the principal opposition party in the country after the 1970 Pakistani general election. The party was outlawed by Zulfikar Ali Bhutto's government in 1975 and much of its leadership was subsequently imprisoned.[citation needed
]

1958–1960

During this period of

Ayub Khan's rule, most of the leadership including Ghaus Bakhsh Bizenjo, Gul Khan Nasir and Faiz Muhammad Yousafzai were arrested on different charges. They were imprisoned in Quetta's Quli Camp. By the time he was released, Gul Khan couldn't even walk straight.[8]

This was a very important period for the politics of Balochistan because it was in those years that the young and dynamic

Nawab Akbar Khan Bugti was sacked from his position as the Minister of State for Interior of Pakistan and arrested. As a result of this, he also joined the NAP.[citation needed
]

1960–1970

During 1960–1970, the National Awami Party or NAP presented strong resistance to the Ayub Regime and for this reason, its leaders were constantly in and out of jail.[citation needed] In this decade Ataullah Mengal rose to the top of the Baloch leadership because of his personality and Khair Bakhsh Marri also earned a lot of fame because of his political philosophy. Gul Khan Nasir went to jail around 5–6 times from 1962 – 1970. As a result of NAP's struggle during this decade, the One Unit was discarded and Balochistan got the status of a province.[citation needed]

1970 elections

In 1970, general elections were held in Pakistan in which the NAP managed to get a majority in Balochistan and N.W.F.P while the Pakistan People's Party got most of the seats of Punjab and Sindh.[citation needed] Nasir won a seat in the Provincial Assembly after defeating Nabi Bakhsh Zehri of the Muslim League Qayyum group Chaghi.[9] East Pakistan broke away from Pakistan and Bangladesh was formed because of the controversy that arose over the election's result. After the fall of East Pakistan, Bhutto wasn't willing to allow the NAP to form its governments in N.W.F.P and Balochistan. But as a result of extensive dialogue held between Z.A. Bhutto and Ghaus Bakhsh Bizenjo, NAP was able to form coalition governments in both the provinces in 1972.[citation needed]

NAP government

Mir Gul Khan Nasir (Left), Sardar Ataullah Mengal (Middle) and Mir Ghaus Bakhsh Bizenjo (Right)
Mir Gul Khan Nasir (Left), Sardar Ataullah Mengal (Middle) and Mir Ghaus Bakhsh Bizenjo (Right)

In Balochistan Sardar Ataullah Khan Mengal was elected as the First Chief Minister of Balochistan while Mir Ghaus Bakhsh Bizenjo became the Governor.[

Bolan Medical College[10]
which is, to this day, the only medical college in Balochistan.

During this time, differences had arisen between

Khan Abdul Wali Khan, Syed Kaswar Gardezi, Habib Jalib and many others had to defend themselves in a treason case in front of the tribunal.[citation needed
]

While in prison, differences arose between the Baloch leaders. After the ouster of Bhutto's government by General Zia-ul-Haq, negotiations for the winding up of the Hyderabad tribunal and the release of all detainees was initiated leading to their eventual release in 1979.[citation needed] On their release, Ghaus Bakhsh Bizenjo, Gul Khan Nasir and Ataullah Mengal brought back their followers who had taken refuge in Afghanistan while Khair Bakhsh Marri and Shero Marri, themselves, went to Afghanistan. Sardar Ataullah Mengal also left for London. Gul Khan Nasir and Ghaus Bakhsh Bizenjo joined Wali Khan's National Democratic Party.[citation needed]

Pakistan National Party

After some time, Ghaus Bakhsh Bizenjo had a falling out with Wali Khan over the Saur Revolution of Afghanistan.[citation needed] Ghaus Bakhsh and Gul Khan left the NDP and formed the Pakistan National Party or PNP. Ghaus Bakhsh Bizenjo was elected as PNP's president while Gul Khan Nasir became the President of PNP Balochistan. Even though Gul Khan had joined Mir Ghaus Bakhsh's party, he was of the opinion that the Baloch should not be pushed into another term of turmoil by pitting them against the Martial Law Regime but rather they should be educated, trained, and made ready for the future conditions that might change the situation and geography of the subcontinent.[citation needed] But Mir Ghaus Bakhsh Bizenjo thought that Martial Law should be fought head-on to make democracy in Pakistan stronger. After the lapse of some time, Mir Gul Khan tendered his resignation and concentrated all of his abilities towards his literary work.[11]

Imprisonment

Nasir was arrested on several occasions from 1939 to 1978 on many different charges, all of them pertaining to politics. He collectively spent almost 15 years of his life in jail.[12]

Literary services

Nasir wrote poems in English,

Faiz Ahmed Faiz. Once Faiz offered to translate Mir Gul Khan's poems in Urdu but Khan turned down the offer. Most of Nasir's Urdu
poetry was written between 1933–1950 and there has been no publication of his Urdu poetry to this date.

A quatrain of his goes as follows:

"Had Mir Gul Khan Nasir been born in

Balochistan
, he would've become Gul Khan Nasir".

— Habib Jalib[13]

Bibliography

His books include:

  • Gul Baang (1951)
  • History of Balochistan (1952) (Urdu) Volume 1
  • History of Balochistan (1957) (Urdu) Volume 2
  • Daastaan-e-Dostain o Sheereen (1964)
  • Koch o Baloch (1969)
  • Garand (1971)
  • Balochistan Kay Sarhadi Chaapa Maar (1979)
  • Seenai Keechaga (1980)
  • Mashad Na Jang Naama (1981)
  • Shah Latif Gusheet (1983)

Posthumous compilations

  • Gulgaal (1993)
  • Shanblaak (1996)

Awards

Gul Khan Nasir was posthumously awarded Sitara-i-Imtiaz (President's Award) in 2001 for his literary services.[citation needed]

In 1962, when the USSR government decided to award

Faiz Ahmed Faiz with the Lenin Prize, they also wanted to present Gul Khan Nasir with the Prize but because of his (Mir Gul Khan's) differences with the Ayub Khan Regime of that time, he was not allowed to go to Moscow.[14]

Death

Soon after resigning from the leadership of PNP, Nasir's health deteriorated and he was diagnosed with lung cancer.[

Noshki
.

Archives

Five notebooks of Gul Khan Nasir's Baluchi poetry in his own hand are held by

SOAS Archives (MS 380635).[18]

See also

References

  1. ^ "THE COMPARATIVE ELEMENTS IN THE POETRY OF ABDUL KARIM GADAI AND MIR GUL KHAN NASIR". Retrieved 30 December 2022.
  2. ^ "THE COMPARATIVE ELEMENTS IN THE POETRY OF ABDUL KARIM GADAI AND MIR GUL KHAN NASIR". Retrieved 30 December 2023.
  3. ^ Tapthaan Magazine. May–June 1990, p70.
  4. ^ "Warsa i Nasiriyat" by "Abdul Saboor Baloch" p39-40.
  5. S2CID 144179133.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link
    )
  6. ^ Ashaaq Kay Kaaflay by Dr.Shah Mohammad Marri
  7. ^ Warsa-i Nasiriyat by Abdul Saboor Baloch
  8. ^ Mir Gul Khan Nasir: Shakhsiyat, Shairee Aur Fun pg56
  9. ^ "PROVINCIAL ASSEMBLY OF BALOCHISTAN - بلوچستان صوبائی اسمبلی". 12 August 2023.
  10. ^ "DAWN - Features; 25 December, 2004". Archived from the original on 4 January 2005.
  11. ^ Mir Gul Khan Nasir's Bitter Last Days by Lal Bakhsh Rind http://baask.com/diwwan/index.php?topic=4746.0
  12. ^ "Welcome to nginx!".
  13. Raziq Bugti
    . p47, line17
  14. ^ Details of Award in the book "Warsa-i-Nasiriat" by "Abdul Saboor Baloch" (http://www.baask.com/diwwan/index.php?topic=4379.0)
  15. ^ Mir Gul Khan Nasir's Bitter Last Days by Lal Bakhsh Rind http://baask.com/diwwan/index.php?topic=4746.0
  16. ^ Warsa-i Nasiriyat
  17. ^ "Welcome to nginx!".
  18. ^ "N". SOAS Library. University of London (School of Oriental and African Studies). Retrieved 9 November 2017.

External links

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