Mozhaysk
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Mozhaysk
Можайск | |
---|---|
Town[1] | |
Postal code(s)[6] | 143200–143204, 143210 |
Dialing code(s) | +7 49638 |
OKTMO ID | 46633101001 |
Website | gpmozhaysk |
Mozhaysk
History
First mentioned in 1231 as an
Mozhaysk played a role in defending the Western approaches to Moscow in the 19th and 20th centuries. During the French invasion of Russia in 1812 the Battle of Borodino took place 12 kilometers (7.5 mi) from the town.
In World War II, the German Wehrmacht took Mozhaysk on October 18, 1941;[11]: 157 the Soviet Red Army re-captured it on January 20, 1942.
Administrative and municipal status
Within the
Architecture
The first stone cathedral was built in the kremlin in the early 14th century and named Nikolskiy (then Staro-Nikolsky) Cathedral. It very much resembled the Dormition Cathedral in Zvenigorod. At that time the wooden statue of Saint Nicholas of Mozhaysk was carved by an unknown master and placed into the cathedral. Later the statue was moved to the Church Over-the-gates.
The first fortified Detinets existed in the Mozhaysk as early as in the 12th century. After the great fire of 1541, it was completely rebuilt by an order of Ivan the Terrible. Only in the early 17th century, the stone fortress was constructed, replaced with the Kremlin made of bricks in 1624–1626.
Trivia
Mozhaysk was frequently the last major obstacle on the way to the capital and it gave birth to the expression "to push beyond Mozhay" (загнать за Можай, zagnat' za Mozhay), which literally means "to push (the enemy) beyond Mozhay". In modern usage, it means to "completely crush the enemy and push them away at a great distance". The phrase originated during the
Transport
Bus line 457 goes from the Mozhaysk autobus station to
Climate
Climate data for Mozhaysk (extremes 1932–present) | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
Record high °C (°F) | 8.2 (46.8) |
9.4 (48.9) |
19.4 (66.9) |
28.4 (83.1) |
32.0 (89.6) |
33.8 (92.8) |
37.0 (98.6) |
37.7 (99.9) |
31.5 (88.7) |
24.4 (75.9) |
15.7 (60.3) |
9.6 (49.3) |
37.7 (99.9) |
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | −4.2 (24.4) |
−3.2 (26.2) |
2.6 (36.7) |
11.5 (52.7) |
18.6 (65.5) |
22.0 (71.6) |
24.2 (75.6) |
22.5 (72.5) |
16.3 (61.3) |
8.8 (47.8) |
1.4 (34.5) |
−2.7 (27.1) |
9.8 (49.7) |
Daily mean °C (°F) | −6.8 (19.8) |
−6.7 (19.9) |
−1.6 (29.1) |
6.2 (43.2) |
12.8 (55.0) |
16.5 (61.7) |
18.7 (65.7) |
16.8 (62.2) |
11.3 (52.3) |
5.3 (41.5) |
−0.9 (30.4) |
−4.9 (23.2) |
5.6 (42.0) |
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −9.7 (14.5) |
−10.1 (13.8) |
−5.5 (22.1) |
1.1 (34.0) |
6.9 (44.4) |
10.9 (51.6) |
13.4 (56.1) |
11.6 (52.9) |
6.9 (44.4) |
2.1 (35.8) |
−3.1 (26.4) |
−7.2 (19.0) |
1.4 (34.6) |
Record low °C (°F) | −44.0 (−47.2) |
−38.0 (−36.4) |
−32.5 (−26.5) |
−19.9 (−3.8) |
−6.1 (21.0) |
−1.2 (29.8) |
2.7 (36.9) |
−0.5 (31.1) |
−7.5 (18.5) |
−18.9 (−2.0) |
−27.8 (−18.0) |
−41.7 (−43.1) |
−44.0 (−47.2) |
Average precipitation mm (inches) | 42.2 (1.66) |
36.1 (1.42) |
34.2 (1.35) |
32.8 (1.29) |
66.6 (2.62) |
77.2 (3.04) |
90.0 (3.54) |
68.4 (2.69) |
58.3 (2.30) |
60.1 (2.37) |
47.1 (1.85) |
44.8 (1.76) |
657.8 (25.89) |
Source: pogoda.ru.net[15] |
Twin towns and sister cities
Mozhaysk is
- Château-du-Loir, France
- Drochtersen, Germany
- Etropole, Bulgaria
- Lohja, Finland
- Pereiaslav, Ukraine
- Ujazd, Poland
- Vileyka, Belarus
References
Notes
- ^ a b c d e f g h Resolution #123-PG
- ^ a b Russian Federal State Statistics Service (2011). Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года. Том 1 [2010 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1]. Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года [2010 All-Russia Population Census] (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service.
- ^ Error: Unable to display the reference properly. See the documentation for details.
- ^ a b c d e Law #95/2005-OZ
- ^ "Об исчислении времени". Официальный интернет-портал правовой информации (in Russian). June 3, 2011. Retrieved January 19, 2019.
- ^ Почта России. Информационно-вычислительный центр ОАСУ РПО. (Russian Post). Поиск объектов почтовой связи (Postal Objects Search) (in Russian)
- ^ Alternative transliterations include Mozhaisk, Mozhajsk, Mozhaĭsk, and Možajsk.
- ^ Federal State Statistics Service (May 21, 2004). Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более человек [Population of Russia, Its Federal Districts, Federal Subjects, Districts, Urban Localities, Rural Localities—Administrative Centers, and Rural Localities with Population of Over 3,000] (XLS). Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года [All-Russia Population Census of 2002] (in Russian).
- ^ Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 г. Численность наличного населения союзных и автономных республик, автономных областей и округов, краёв, областей, районов, городских поселений и сёл-райцентров [All Union Population Census of 1989: Present Population of Union and Autonomous Republics, Autonomous Oblasts and Okrugs, Krais, Oblasts, Districts, Urban Settlements, and Villages Serving as District Administrative Centers]. Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 года [All-Union Population Census of 1989] (in Russian). Институт демографии Национального исследовательского университета: Высшая школа экономики [Institute of Demography at the National Research University: Higher School of Economics]. 1989 – via Demoscope Weekly.
- ^ Е. М. Поспелов. "Географические названия мира". Москва, 1998. Стр. 272
- ISBN 9783506774682.
- ^ Brumfield , W. (June 9, 2017). "The Mozhaisk St. Nicholas Cathedral: From Prokudin-Gorsky to the present". Russia Beyond the Headlines. Retrieved January 29, 2020.
- ^ Diclist.Ru [1] (in Russian)
- ^ "Yandex schedule for Mozhaysk buses" (in Russian).
- ^ "Климат Можайска" (in Russian). Retrieved December 28, 2022.
Sources
- Губернатор Московской области. Постановление №123-ПГ от 28 сентября 2010 г. «Об учётных данных административно-территориальных и территориальных единиц Московской области», в ред. Постановления №252-ПГ от 26 июня 2015 г. «О внесении изменения в учётные данные административно-территориальных и территориальных единиц Московской области». Опубликован: "Информационный вестник Правительства МО", №10, 30 октября 2010 г. (Governor of Moscow Oblast. Resolution #123-PG of September 28, 2010 On the Inventory Data of the Administrative-Territorial and Territorial Units of Moscow Oblast, as amended by the Resolution #252-PG of June 26, 2015 On Amending the Inventory Data of the Administrative-Territorial and Territorial Units of Moscow Oblast. ).
- Московская областная Дума. Закон №95/2005-ОЗ от 30 марта 2005 г. «О статусе и границах Можайского муниципального района и вновь образованных в его составе муниципальных образований», в ред. Закона №128/2011-ОЗ от 15 июля 2011 г. «О внесении изменений в Закон Московской области "О статусе и границах Можайского муниципального района и вновь образованных в его составе муниципальных образований"». Вступил в силу со дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Ежедневные Новости. Подмосковье", №59, 2 апреля 2005 г. (Moscow Oblast Duma. Law #95/2005-OZ of March 30, 2005 On the Status and the Borders of Mozhaysky Municipal District and the Newly Established Municipal Formations Comprising It, as amended by the Law #128/2011-OZ of July 15, 2011 On Amending the Law of Moscow Oblast "On the Status and the Borders of Mozhaysky Municipal District and the Newly Established Municipal Formations Comprising It". Effective as of the day of the official publication.).
External links
- Official website of Mozhaysk (in Russian)
- Unofficial website of Mozhaysk (in Russian)