National Wrestling Alliance on television
The following is a historical overview television coverage provided the
1948–1993
Promotional headquarters (A–M)
- Amarillo's Western States Sports aired an hour-long television program on KFDA-TV (Channel 10) each Saturday afternoon. The program aired in West Texas along with New Mexico and Colorado. It was hosted by Steve Stack.[1] The program featured a combination of matches recorded in the KFDA studios in Amarillo, matches recorded at house shows, interviews, and clips of matches from other territories.[2]
- Buffalo, New York's National Wrestling Federation's show Championship Wrestling aired on Channel 43 in Cleveland on Saturday nights. Briefly a second show, All-Star Wrestling, aired on Sunday Mornings. That show was filmed in the studios of WUAB-TV in Parma, Ohio. The television hosts were Johnny Powers, Jack Reynolds, and Ron Martinez (son of Pedro Martinez). The film from each show was erased and reused to save money, hence few of the shows are available now on video or YouTube.
- Bad News Allen and play by play commentator Mauro Ranallo, but it was short-lived and Whalen was not involved.
- Chicago's Fred Kohler Enterprises Inc.'s first television program, Wrestling From Rainbo Arena, began airing on Wednesday evenings on July 10, 1946 on the regional television network WBKB. Hosted by Russ Davis, the program featured matches recorded in Chicago's Rainbo Arena.[3] In 1948, Wrestling from Marigold began airing on the regional network WGN.[4] In 1949, Kohler secured new television deals with ABC and WJZ-TV. Later that year, he reached a deal with the recently founded national television network DuMont. Wrestling from Marigold began airing on Thursdays and Saturdays in September 1949. The program was inexpensive to produce, and Kohler's membership of the NWA gave him access to some of the country's best performers. Wrestling from Marigold quickly became popular, with both broadcasts ranking amongst the top DuMont programs.[4]
- In Dallas, World Class Championship Wrestling's weekly shows were staged there on Tuesday nights until August 1978, then were moved to Sunday nights until the early '80s, and finally were held on Friday nights until the promotion's demise. In the early 1980s, WCCW began its hour-long weekly syndicated television show which introduced numerous innovative production techniques, many of which are still commonly used today. The promotion was also the first to use familiar rock songs as entrance music for its wrestlers. The show was syndicated across the United States, and at one point arguably scored higher ratings than Saturday Night Live.[5]
- By the 1950s Harry Light – along with his business partners Jack Britton and Bert Ruby – controlled professional wrestling in Detroit[6] and Big Time Wrestling on WXYZ-TV Channel 7 was one of the most popular programs airing in Detroit.[7][8] By the 1960s, the promotion was airing two to three television programs per week and staging weekly house shows at the Cobo Arena.[9] The promotion's TV program was unique in that it would occasionally air local collegiate wrestling matches alongside worked angles, in a segment called "Am-Pro Wrestling".
- In 1988 WCOV-TV owner David Woods bought the controlling interest in Southeastern Championship Wrestling out of Dothan, Alabama from Ron Fuller, and he renamed it Continental Wrestling Federation in a further attempt to compete with Vince McMahon and appear to resemble a nationwide promotion, even to the point of getting an odd national TV deal with Financial News Network. Their last TV episode aired on November 25, 1989. The promotion closed after their final show on December 6, 1989.
- On July 10, 1953 KOIN-TV in 1955. Along with the move came the show's new name, Portland Wrestling. In 1967, Portland Wrestling returned to KPTV.[11] That year, management changed within CBS Television and PNW's regionally broadcast wrestling show was dropped which subsequently led to Harry Elliott's retirement in 1968. Frank Bonnema, an on-air personality in KPTV's sports department, took over the announcing duties at that time, serving as the voice of Portland Wrestling until shortly before his untimely death on October 5, 1982 at age 49. In 1991, Pacific Northwest Wrestling's main television sponsor (Tom Peterson's) declared bankruptcy. Despite remaining the highest-rated, locally produced show aired in the Portland television market, Portland Wrestling was canceled in December 1991 after 38 continuous years as a weekly program.[12] When the show was canceled, it was the longest-running non-news show on television, and the third longest overall behind Meet the Press and the CBS Evening News. It still is one of the top 20 longest-running shows on television[citation needed].
- CJCH-TV studios on Robie Street in Halifax. This show would be broadcast across the Maritimes Saturday on the ATVnetwork. Host Clary Fleming would announce the matches, do the play by play and interview the wrestlers. Eight events a week, including the TV show, was a heavy schedule, but it was for only about six months a year (May–October).
- Ed Francis secured a Saturday afternoon live television slot on KHVH-TV for 50th State Big Time Wrestling out of Honolulu.[13] As the promotion increased in popularity, it moved to KGMB and increased its output to two programs a week: a taped show featuring interviews, vignettes and replays on Friday nights and a live show on Saturday afternoons. Hosted by Francis and Blears, 50th State Wrestling was at one point the most watched television program in Hawaii.[14][15] Television tapings rotated between Hawaii, Kauai, and Maui.
- Worldwide Wrestling Associates out of Los Angeles pioneered the use of closed-circuit television to show matches to fans who were unable to secure tickets for live events, an early precursor to the pay-per-view model that emerged in the 1980s.
- Throughout the 1960s and 1970s, the TBS). However, weekly AWA shows were not treated with any priority by the cable network, sometimes being delayed, preempted by live programming, or suffering from occasional changes in time slot, making it difficult for fans to tune in on a regular basis.
Promotional headquarters (N–Z)
- MSG Network in NYC on Friday nights (early Saturday morning) at 2:00 a.m. Due to the obscurity of the stations and ECW itself, as well as the lack of FCCoversight at that late hour, many times expletives and violence were not edited out of these showings, along with extensive use of copyrighted music and music videos.
- The St. Louis Wrestling Club's weekly television program, Wrestling at the Chase (carried by KPLR-TV), is considered one of the legendary programs in the history of professional wrestling, and ran from 1959 until 1983, and the St. Louis Wrestling Club lasted two years more until 1985.
- In response to the threat posed by Roy Shire's Big Time Wrestling promotion, Joe Malcewicz – who had long resisted the emergence of televised wrestling, fearing it would compete with live events – begun running NWA San Francisco shows each Monday night on the fledgling independent Oakland television station KTVU in 1961. Shire later secured a television slot on KTVU in 1961 and spent several weeks airing tapes of matches from the Midwest. In January 1961, he began airing National All-Star Wrestling, a live show recorded in the KTVU studio that aired at 19:00 PST on Friday evenings, originally hosted by Bill Welsh and then by Walt Harris.[16][17] Shire would later begin producing a second weekly show, Big Time Wrestling this one airing on KOVR. Big Time Wrestling was originally hosted by Harris, then later by Hank Renner.[18] KTVU cancelled Big Time Wrestling in 1970. In 1970, Shire secured a new deal with the Sacramento station KTXL, airing Big Time Wrestling at 19:00 PST on Saturday evenings. The show featured Hank Renner as play-by-play announcer.[19] He was later joined by Pepper Martin as color commentator.
- San Juan's Capitol Sports Promotions gained fame in Puerto Rican homes soon after their TV show, Super Estrellas de la Lucha Libre, went on-air every weekend on channel 4, WAPA-TV. The taped show is still aired on weekends (both Saturday and Sunday for two hours until March 2008 when it was reduced to one hour on both Saturdays and Sundays due to declining ratings). From 1973 to 1980 it aired on channel 11 (Telecadena Pérez Perry, then on Teleonce after the before mentioned went off the air), on channel 7 on Sunday evenings at 6 pm and on Telemundo on Saturday mornings at 10 am.
- Sydney's World Championship Wrestling gained publicity through television programs on the Nine Network, which were presented at noon on Saturdays and Sundays. In 1978, the Nine Network ceased coverage of WCW; with no TV coverage promoters were facing financial ruin, leading to the decline of professional wrestling in Australia. The "World Championship Wrestling" name was reused in 1982 by Georgia Championship Wrestling in the United States for its own TV program, which became the roots of the American promotion of the same name. At the time, the promotion's former owner, Jim Barnett, was one of the owners of Georgia Championship Wrestling.
- Tampa's Championship Wrestling from Florida filmed and later taped its weekly TV wrestling show at the famed Sportatorium at 106 N. Albany in Tampa, Fla., which was in reality a small television studio with seating for a live audience of about 100 people (1/40th of the seating capacity of its Dallas counterpart), with the wrestling office and gym in the same building. Arena footage was always also used, and full arena show broadcasts began in the early '80s. CWF spin-off shows were Championship Wrestling Superstars, Global Wrestling, North Florida Championship Wrestling, United States Class Wrestling, American Championship Wrestling and Southern Professional Wrestling. The promotion competed against other syndicated shows on Saturday night like The Lawrence Welk Show and Solid Gold for years.
- On June 19, 2000, it was confirmed (at a press conference at Tokyo's All-Japan's dojo held by Toshiaki Kawada and Masanobu Fuchi) that NTV decided to discontinue broadcasting All Japan after 27 years; however, NTV maintained their 15% stock in All Japan (as Motoko Baba held the remaining 85%), and would prevent All Japan from being put on another network. On June 20, twelve All Japan office employees resigned from their positions with the promotion, with intentions to follow Misawa to Noah. NTV also announced that they will carry weekly tapings of Misawa's Noah promotion, with the title of the program being called "Colosseo." Noah took All Japan's 30-minute timeslot on Sundays at midnight. Misawa was interviewed in Tokyo on June 21, where he announced that he and the other wrestlers leaving to form Noah would compete on four of the sixteen shows in All Japan's Summer Action Series 2000 tour, which began on July 1. NTV also aired the final All Japan TV show on the network, which aired for 45 minutes and featured footage from Jumbo Tsuruta's funeral, the Noah wrestlers' press conference from June 16, Kawada's press conference from June 19, highlights of the first ever Kawada vs. Misawa Triple Crown Heavyweight Championship match from October 21, 1992, and Toshiaki Kawada and Akira Taue vs. Yoshihiro Takayama and Takao Omori for the World Tag Team Championship from All Japan's Nippon Budokan show from June 9.
- The first New Japan Pro-Wrestling event, titled Opening Series, took place on March 6, 1972, in the Ota Ward Gymnasium in Tokyo, to a crowd of 5,000.[20][21] The following year, NJPW signed a television deal with NET TV, now known as TV Asahi.
- Following the Wrestling Challenge, which became the "B" show to WWF Superstars Of Wrestling, the "A" show. Gorilla Monsoon and Jesse Ventura were the hosts for the Canadian tapings (with Ventura doing his famous "The Body Shop" segment), and when those tapings morphed into Challenge in 1986, Ventura was moved to the "A" show, Superstars, which had been renamed from WWF Championship Wrestling, and joined their announcers, Vince McMahon and Bruno Sammartino, to form a three-man team. Sammartino eventually left that team, making it just McMahon and Ventura. Bobby Heenan replaced Ventura as the Canadian tapings became WWF Wrestling Challenge.
- Jim Crockett, Jr.) to buy the Saturday timeslot from McMahon, and become TBS' sole pro wrestling show. In March 1986, MSW "went national" (the goal of the most ambitious regional promotions of this era), re-launching as the Universal Wrestling Federation, and securing a syndication deal airing their two one-hour, weekly TV programs (the lesser show, Power Pro Wrestling debuted in 1984) in major markets across the United States.[22] The TV tapings were also moved out of Shreveport, Louisiana and taped on location at various live shows throughout the Mid-South/UWF territory. New wrestlers, mostly from World Class Championship Wrestling (WCCW), joined the company, as did former WCCW co-promoter Ken Mantell. Despite the UWF's strong early ratings and critical praise, it could not compete nationally with Jim Crockett Promotions(JCP) and the WWF, as both had stronger TV distribution and larger live event, pay-per-view (and, in the WWF's case, merchandise licensing) revenue streams.
- CHAN-TV began broadcasting their TV program (also called All Star Wrestling) in 1962, when Gene Kiniski arrived in Vancouver and became a regular on the roster. The All Star Wrestling program began to be seen across Canada via syndication. Ron Morrier was the original host of the TV show and served in that capacity until his death on August 6, 1981; after that, former CFUNdisk jockey Ed Karl took over as the host for the remainder of the show's run on CHAN-TV.
Atlanta
Georgia Championship Wrestling (1949–1984)
On
The promotion underwent some big changes in 1972. Firstly, it started promoting matches at the then-brand-new
When WTCG became distributed via satellite in
Jim Crockett Promotions (1951–1988)
By the early 1970s Jim Crockett Promotions had gradually phased-out its multiple weekly television tapings in such cities as Charlotte, North Carolina, Greenville, South Carolina, and High Point, North Carolina, consolidating its production schedule into just one shoot (a Wednesday night videotaping at WRAL-TV in Raleigh), and then syndicating the broadcast to several local TV stations throughout the Carolinas and Virginia. In 1981, JCP moved to the WPCQ-TV studios in Charlotte (a station once owned by Ted Turner).
The local shows hosted by announcers like Billy "Big Bill" Ward (from
In 1975, JCP premiered a new, syndicated show,
Ted Turner, whose Atlanta television station WTCG would become distributed nationally via satellite starting in 1976, had realized the value of professional wrestling for cable television in the early 1970s. WTCG aired Georgia Championship Wrestling's programming on Saturday evenings, and wrestling provided his then-fledgling enterprise (the future SuperStation WTBS) a source of cheap live entertainment which was well-suited to the station's target demographics. Turner could run per inquiry advertisements (for products like Slim Whitman albums and Ginsu knives) and take part of the sales profits just by providing the big viewing audience delivered by pro wrestling's loyal fanbase (wrestling generally did not attract large ad revenues at that time, due to negative industry perceptions of its lower-income target demographic).
SuperStation TBS's parent company, Turner Broadcasting System, had asked Georgia Championship Wrestling to change its public brand name to World Championship Wrestling, helping fuel rumors that the Jim Barnett-controlled company would go national itself; GCW acquiesced to the World Championship Wrestling name change in 1982.[24] Meanwhile, by 1983, JCP went from recording its weekly shows in a television studio to shooting on-location, in between matches at live arena events. After purchasing a mobile television production unit for $1 million, Crockett unveiled what became the NWA's dominant annual supercard, Starrcade.[25]
In 1984, McMahon's WWF purchased controlling interest in GCW from a number of its co-owners (including Barnett and brothers Jack and Jerry Brisco), thus gaining control of GCW's flagship Saturday night time slot on TBS. This tactic—co-opting the time slots of rival territories in their own "backyard"/local TV markets—was part of the WWF's national expansion strategy. To McMahon's surprise, however, the move backfired with TBS. When the WWF aired its first show on TBS on July 14, replacing World Championship Wrestling, viewer backlash was severe, as the show's Southern fans were incensed to see their beloved stars suddenly replaced—without advance notice—by an "invading force" of wrestlers from "up North," an event that has since become known in pro wrestling lore as Black Saturday. In response to the ensuing deluge of complaints, TBS granted an upstart promotion called Championship Wrestling from Georgia (backed by holdout GCW shareholder and NWA member Fred Ward and former GCW wrestler/booker Ole Anderson) an early Saturday morning time slot so that the local stars could still be seen. Championship Wrestling from Georgia's television show (which had the same name as the promotion itself), along with that of Bill Watts's Mid-South Wrestling (to whom Turner had also granted a time slot), easily surpassed the ratings for the WWF broadcast, which only featured clips and wrestler promos instead of original matches. The steep decline in ratings for the Saturday evening WWF show, and viewers clamoring for GCW's return, began to make the WWF's move a money-losing one. Eventually, McMahon cut his losses and sold the time slot to Crockett for $1 million. Although this gave Crockett vital national exposure, it also allowed McMahon to finance his own marquee wrestling event, WrestleMania. This chain of events was critical in Turner's eventual decision to purchase JCP and form World Championship Wrestling (WCW) in 1988.
Crockett bought out Ole Anderson's Championship Wrestling from Georgia, on April 6, 1985,[26] and was re-elected NWA President. This was to help counter the WWF, after it became America's dominant wrestling business in the wake of WrestleMania. Crockett then purchased both Saturday evening TBS time slots from Vince McMahon and filled the time slot with two hours of original programming filmed in Ted Turner's Atlanta studios. The programming aired under the World Championship Wrestling banner, which had been adopted by GCW before its demise. As a result of the success World Championship Wrestling now had from acquiring the Saturday night time slots, Crockett (along with JCP booker Dusty Rhodes) was able to establish an annual summer supercard, "The Great American Bash".
World Championship Wrestling (1988–1993)
In 2000, several potential buyers for WCW were rumored to show interest in the company. Ted Turner, however, did not hold influence over
New York City and Washington, D.C. (1957–1961, 1971–1983)
The very first programming produced by
All-Star Wrestling was a WWF promotional show that featured enhancement matches and interviews that were designed to further featured talent. The show was taped at the Hamburg Fieldhouse in
Championship Wrestling is one of the original TV shows of the World Wrestling Federation. It included all the stars of the WWF, interviews and championship matches. The show lasted from 1972 until August 1986 and was the flagship of the WWF's programming until it was replaced by Superstars of Wrestling. In 1984, the show used "Thriller" by Michael Jackson as its opening theme. The host and announcer was Vince McMahon, often joined by a co-host.
WWF on MSG Network is a monthly television special that aired live from Madison Square Garden on the MSG Network from August 7, 1976 to March 16, 1997.
1993–2012
The NWA's territories were reorganized following the withdrawal of World Championship Wrestling (WCW) and New Japan Pro-Wrestling (NJPW). As other territories left the organization, the NWA would discontinued its memberships in August 2012.[31][32][33][34]
Promotional overview
In 2005 David Marquez, founded the
Perth's Explosive Pro Wrestling had a television series on Access 31 called EPW Monday Night Wrestling from 2008 to 2010.[38] 2016 saw EPW start up its Vimeo channel, From the Vault, which now contains over 100 shows going back to 2003.[39] EPW action can also be viewed worldwide on platforms such as Demand Progress,[40] Highspots Wrestling Network,[41] and Powerslam TV.[42]
Cornelia, Georgia's NWA Wildside's weekly one-hour TV show aired nationally and was available to as much as 40% of the United States at its peak. In late 2004, Wildside was broadcast by The Wrestling Channel in the United Kingdom giving them a transatlantic audience.
On August 9, 2009, at
In April 2015,
NWA Shockwave out of Staten Island was known for its early use of the internet to promote itself, and was the earliest known wrestling organization to broadcast its events on a regular webcast; their show, "Shockwave TV", aired on ITV until 2005.
The first events and TV tapings for
In 2007,
The West Coast Wrestling Connection on KPDX out of Portland, Oregon debuted on May 24, 2014.[53] The promotion shoots a live TV taping, typically the first Saturday of each month. These tapings were originally held at the Bob White Theatre in Southeast Portland, but have since relocated to the Jackson Armory. The television broadcasts team consists of Jeff Akin on play-by-play and Morty Lipschitz on color commentary.
NWA Total Nonstop Action Wrestling (2002–2007)
The concept of TNA originated shortly after World Championship Wrestling (WCW) ended in 2001, with the World Wrestling Federation (WWF, later WWE) gaining a monopoly on the industry. While on a fishing trip, Bob Ryder, Jeff Jarrett and Jerry Jarrett contemplated their futures in the professional wrestling business.[54] Ryder suggested a company not reliant on television, but rather one going straight to pay-per-view.[54] In July 2002, Vince Russo joined Jeff and Jerry Jarrett's NWA-TNA promotion as a creative writer and would assist in the writing and production of the shows. Russo states that he coined the name "Total Nonstop Action", the initials of the company "TNA" being a play on "T&A". The original intention, as they were exclusive to pay-per-view, was to be viewed as an edgier product than WWE.[55]
Initially, TNA's
In May 2004, TNA introduced its second weekly television program,
Later that year, TNA would later secure a television deal with
2012–2017
Beginning in August 2012, promotions paid to license the NWA brand. This arrangement ended October 2017, when the NWA was acquired by Lightning One, Inc.
Promotional overview
In 2004,
NWA Southern All-Star Wrestling began broadcasting exclusively on cable on Comcast Cable channel 49 on Saturday nights at midnight. Then in 2009, SAW moved to Nashville's WNAB, broadcasting on Saturday nights at 8:00 P.M, and also began to be syndicated throughout the country. In 2010, SAW moved to 9:00 pm, then in 2011 moved to 10:00 pm. In 2012, SAW Moved to Sundays at 10:00 pm, then in 2013 moved to 11:00 pm, then moved to early Sunday mornings at 2:00 A.M. beginning in 2014. In the fall of 2015, SAW left WNAB, and was broadcast on internet only, until 2016 when SAW returned to television, and made its return to Comcast Cable channel 49 on Saturday nights at midnight.
2017–present
As previously mentioned, in August 2012, the NWA discontinued its memberships and started licensing its brand to wrestling promotions.[31] By 2019, the NWA would transition to become a singular promotion.[32][33][34]
References
- ISBN 978-1-61321-308-7.
- ^ Ashley Parrish. "Regional Territories: Amarillo". KayfabeMemories.com. Retrieved November 29, 2017.
- ^ Tim Hornbaker (December 18, 2010). "DuMont Television Wrestling Show from Chicago". LegacyOfWrestling.com. Retrieved November 19, 2017.
- ^ ISBN 978-1-101-60974-3.
- ^ Mackinder, Mack (June 13, 2006). "Heroes of World Class DVD a definite treasure". CANOE – SLAM! Sports. Archived from the original on April 19, 2016. Retrieved April 12, 2015.
- ISBN 978-1-77305-065-2.
- ISBN 0-472-03124-4.
- ISBN 978-1-77090-269-5.
- ISBN 978-0-9763062-1-4.
- ^ a b "Heidelberg Wrestling at Yesterday's KPTV site". Archived from the original on 2009-05-03. Retrieved 2008-08-09.
- ^ "Portland Wrestling at Yesterday's KPTV site". 13 May 2008. Archived from the original on 3 May 2009. Retrieved 2008-08-09.
- ^ "Tom Zenk in Pacific North West: An interview with Barry Owen". Archived from the original on 2009-07-30. Retrieved 2007-05-07.
- ISBN 978-0-8248-2121-0.
- ISBN 1-4402-2810-8.
- ^ Steve Murray (July 22, 2005). "When wrestling was king". MidWeek. Black Press. Retrieved November 8, 2017.
- ISBN 978-1-62994-915-4.
- ^ Vik Berry. San Francisco #6 Page #1. Retrieved November 17, 2017.
{{cite book}}
:|work=
ignored (help) - ^ Vik Berry. San Francisco #6 Page #2. Retrieved November 17, 2017.
{{cite book}}
:|work=
ignored (help) - ^ Marty Relles (January 20, 2011). "When 'Big Time Wrestling' came to Sacramento". Valley Community Newspapers. Retrieved November 12, 2017.
- ^ "NJPW 1972: Opening Series". Puroresu.com. Retrieved January 11, 2020.
- ISBN 9781472254214.
- ^ ISBN 0-06-103101-1.
- ^ "(Encore) WWF vs WCW: Bulking Up". wondery.com. Wondery. Retrieved 8 June 2021.
- ^ "Roddy Piper and Gordon Solie host Georgia Championship Wrestling (08-21-1982)". youtube.com. Archived from the original on 2021-12-12.
- ISBN 978-0-241-00675-7.
- ^ "World Championship Wrestling on SuperStation TBS". The Glory Days.net. Archived from the original on June 6, 2004.
- ^ "Time Warner Sells Ailing WCW". Classic Wrestling Articles. 29 December 2012. Retrieved August 16, 2015.
- ^ John M. Higgins (March 19, 2001). "WCW on the ropes" (PDF). Broadcasting & Cable. Cahners Business Information. p. 8. Archived (PDF) from the original on June 28, 2020. Retrieved September 22, 2018 – via World Radio History.
- ^ Jim Rutenberg (January 11, 2001). "Turner to Drop Wrestling, Shed Jobs". The New York Times. Archived from the original on September 22, 2018. Retrieved September 22, 2018.
- ISBN 978-0692139172.
- ^ a b "NWA Lawsuit Settled, Promotion to Transfer to New Corporation". PWInsider.com.
- ^ a b "Report: NWA & ROH No Longer Working Together; Nick Aldis Not Advertised For Summer Supercard". Fightful. Retrieved August 4, 2019.
- ^ a b Jamie Greer (July 24, 2019), NWA Looking To Join Weekly TV Line Up, Last Word on Wrestling, event occurs at 01:11:50, retrieved July 19, 2013
- ^ a b NWA Announces First TV Tapings For Planned Series, August 7, 2019, retrieved August 13, 2019
- ^ a b ABOUT – United Wrestling Network
- ^ http://www.galaxytheatre.com/cgi-bin/calendar.pl?view=Event&event_id=1790[permanent dead link]
- ^ "KDOC-TV Los Angeles & Menchie's Frozen Yogurt present: NWA Hollywood LIVE! – First Ever Non-Televised Event! Saturday, May 12th". Archived from the original on July 12, 2012. Retrieved July 6, 2012.
- ^ Kreikenbohm, Philip. "EPW Monday Night Wrestling: TV Tapings « Events Database « CAGEMATCH – The Internet Wrestling Database". Cagematch.net. Retrieved 7 June 2016.
- ^ Wrestling, Explosive Pro (6 June 2016). "Watch EPW's From The Vault Online – Vimeo On Demand" – via Vimeo.
- ^ "Explosive Pro Wrestling Videos". Demand Progress.
- ^ "Explosive Professional Wrestling Videos". Highspots Wrestling Network.
- ^ "Powerslam TV – The World's Best Pro Wrestling Channel! – Watch Online Videos Free for 7 days". Powerslam TV.
- ^ "NEW ENGLAND CHAMPIONSHIP WRESTLING RETURNING TO BROADCAST TV". Retrieved 21 February 2013.
- ^ Marshall, Anne (December 7, 2011). "Learning the ropes". Louisville Eccentric Observer. Retrieved December 12, 2011.
- ^ OV Wrestling
- ^ Watch OVW
- ^ "OVW Adds Game+ As 7th Network To Growing Platform; Owner Al Snow Comments". Forbes. Retrieved 2021-12-27.
- ^ a b DiVittorio, Michael (February 23, 2013). "Wrestling promotion returns to TV". Pittsburgh Tribune-Review.
- ^ "PRO WRESTLING: Howard Brody, Ring Warriors on The Roman Show". Miami Herald. April 10, 2015.
- user-generated source]
- 411Mania. December 14, 2018. Retrieved December 18, 2018.
- ^ "Remember when... Smokey Mountain Wrestling was still around?". Power Slam Magazine. Lancaster, Lancashire, England: SW Publishing LTD. August 2003. p. 12. 109.
- ^ "West Coast Wrestling Connection to Air on TV in Portland – 411MANIA". 411mania.com. Retrieved 2017-08-12.
- ^ a b The History of TNA: Year 1 (DVD). TNA Home Video. 2006.
- ISBN 978-1-61713-599-6.
- ^ "ORLANDO TO FEEL THE IMPACT! STARTING THIS THURSDAY". TNA Wrestling. Archived from the original on June 21, 2015. Retrieved June 21, 2015.
- ^ "TNA To Start Using 6 Sided Ring For X Division". pwinsider.com. Archived from the original on June 21, 2015. Retrieved June 21, 2015.
- ^ "TNA officially adopts 6-sided ring full time". TNA Wrestling. Archived from the original on June 21, 2015. Retrieved June 21, 2015.
- ^ a b "TNA IMPACT". The Smart Marks. Archived from the original on June 21, 2015. Retrieved June 21, 2015.
- ^ Allen, Ryan (September 21, 2005). "TNA announces the signing of the former "Dudley Boys" – full info inside". WrestleView. Retrieved August 23, 2010.
- ^ Gargiulo, Eric (September 2, 2011). "The Independent Pro Wrestling Pot Calling the Kettle Black". CamelClutchBlog.com.
- ^ Behrens, Bill (March 14, 2011). "BILL BEHRENS NWA NEWS & NOTES for 3-14-11". NWAwildside.com.
- ^ Gerweck, Steve (April 7, 2013). "NWA Smoky Mountain's Biggest Crowd Ever". Gerweck.net.
- ^ Casey, Connor (March 2, 2021). "Billy Corgan Confirms the Return of NWA Power, FITE TV Deal". Comicbook.com. Retrieved March 2, 2021.
- ^ Martin, Garrett (October 22, 2019). "Billy Corgan Revives Wrestling History with NWA Powerrr". Paste Magazine. Retrieved October 22, 2019.
- ^ "NXT's Tuesday night debut, "Young Rock" on NBC, NWA Powerrr Surge, AEW Dark, Monty Brown, Antonino Rocca, Stan Stasiak". April 13, 2021. Retrieved April 13, 2021.