Nowy Korczyn

Coordinates: 50°17′57″N 20°48′32″E / 50.29917°N 20.80889°E / 50.29917; 20.80889
Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
Nowy Korczyn
Town
Saint Stanislaus Church
Saint Stanislaus Church
Coat of arms of Nowy Korczyn
Coat of arms
Nowy Korczyn is located in Poland
Nowy Korczyn
Nowy Korczyn
Coordinates: 50°17′57″N 20°48′32″E / 50.29917°N 20.80889°E / 50.29917; 20.80889
Country Poland
Voivodeship Świętokrzyskie
CountyBusko
GminaNowy Korczyn
Population
1,032

Nowy Korczyn [ˈnɔvɨ ˈkɔrt͡ʂɨn] is a small town in Busko County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. It is the seat of the gmina (administrative district) called Gmina Nowy Korczyn. It lies in Lesser Poland, approximately 20 kilometres (12 mi) south of Busko-Zdrój and 67 km (42 mi) south of the regional capital Kielce.[1] It is located close to the confluence of the Nida and the Vistula rivers. Nowy Korczyn was a town from 1258 to 1869.

History

Until it lost its city rights[

Holocaust
.

In the

Kazimierz Wielki, and it quickly emerged as one of the major royal residences in Poland. A defensive wall
was built around Nowy Korczyn, furthermore the town was protected by a man-made lake Czartoria.

Since Nowy Korczyn is located in the center of Lesser Poland, the town was frequently visited by Polish rulers. It was an important political and judicial center of the province, here Lesser Poland's

Confederation here. In 1439, Polish supporters of the Hussites gathered near Nowy Korczyn, under Spytek of Melsztyn. On 4 May 1439 the royal army under Oleśnicki defeated the Hussites in the Battle of Grotniki
.

In the 15th century, several important meetings and events took place at the Nowy Korczyn castle. In 1461, King

Grand Master of the Teutonic Knights, paid homage
to the Polish king at Nowy Korczyn.

In the

Podole Voivodeship, and Volhynian Voivodeship. Furthermore, the town was the seat of a starosta (one of six starostas of Sandomierz Voivodeship), and the seat of court for the Wiślica and Pilzno
counties.

In 1474 most of Nowy Korczyn burned in a fire, after which the town was released from its tax duties for 12 years. In 1549, King

Stefan Batory. Eight times a year grain markets were organized, and the grain purchased in Nowy Korczyn was transported along the Vistula to Gdańsk. Korczyn had a number of granaries, in 1566 a new town hall was built, and in 1568 a canal was completed, which connected the man-made lake Czartoria with the Nida
river. In 1589, a weapon manufacturer was opened in Nowy Korczyn, producing gunpowder, cannons and rifles.

The importance of the town diminished in the early 17th century, after the capital of the Commonwealth was moved from Kraków to Warsaw. In 1606, during the

Zebrzydowski Rebellion, Korczyn was ransacked by the rebels, and in 1607, almost whole town with its 266 houses burned in a fire. Further and complete destruction came during the Swedish invasion of Poland, when in 1657 the town was burned to the ground, together with its extensive archives. In 1702, during the Great Northern War, Swedish troops destroyed Korczyn once again, and the town never recovered since then. After the Partitions of Poland, Nowy Korczyn briefly belonged to the Austrian Empire, and since 1815, it became part of Russian-controlled Congress Poland
. Nowy Korczyn burned in 1811, 1855 and 1857, the town was also frequently flooded both by the Vistula and the Nida. In 1860, Nowy Korczyn had the population of 3,319, including 2,370 Jews. In 1869 Russian authorities stripped it of the town charter.

In September 1914, Nowy Korczyn was the area where Polish Legions operated. Here the headquarters of Józef Piłsudski was briefly stationed, and after the war, the village belonged to Kielce Voivodeship. In the Second Polish Republic it remained a poor village, with a significant Jewish population. In 1942, the Jews of Nowy Korczyn were deported to and murder in Treblinka.[2] Concerning the deportation of the Jews of Nowy Korczyn, a witness stated the following: "In the night of November 2. in 1942 Nowy Korczyn was surrounded by the German military and two Ukrainian units. The Jews of the town were chased to the town square - or rather a market place in the centre of the town. There could have been 2000 Jews or 3000 or more, I don't know, different figures are mentioned. However, all the Jews of Nowy Korczyn were deported [...]".[3] In 1944, during Operation Tempest, units of the Home Army attacked German police post in Nowy Korczyn. The synagogue of Nowy Korczyn has been under preservation since 2014.[4]

Transport

Nowy Korczyn does not have a train station. The village is located at the intersection of National Road Nr 79 (

Busko. The Borusowa Ferry, a reaction cable ferry, crosses the River Vistula between Borusowa and Nowy Korczyn.[5]

Points of interest

References

  1. ^ "Central Statistical Office (GUS) - TERYT (National Register of Territorial Land Apportionment Journal)" (in Polish). 2008-06-01.
  2. ^ "Belzec: Stepping Stone to Genocide - Appendix 2".
  3. ^ "History".
  4. ^ Nowy Korczyn Synagogue before and after. Jewish-heritage-europe.eu.
  5. ^ "Prom rzeczny (50.290066,20.801754)" [River ferry (50.290066,20.801754)]. Google Maps. Google Maps. Retrieved 2012-01-29.

External links

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