Orofaciodigital syndrome 1

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Orofaciodigital syndrome 1
Other namesOFDI, OFDSI, Oral-facial-digital syndrome type 1
X-linked dominant manner.
SpecialtyMedical genetics Edit this on Wikidata

Orofaciodigital syndrome 1 (OFD1), also called Papillon-Léage and Psaume syndrome,

oral cavity, and digits with polycystic kidney disease and variable involvement of the central nervous system.[2]

Cause

Orofaciodigital syndrome type 1 is caused by mutations in the

basal bodies within the human genetic cellular structure. This suggests that this syndrome may fall into a broad category of ciliary diseases. The ciliary organelles are present in many cellular types throughout the human body. Cilia defects adversely affect numerous critical developmental signaling pathways essential to cellular development.[2]

Other types include:

Relation to other rare genetic disorders

Recent findings in genetic research have suggested that a large number of

disorders. Orofaciodigital syndrome has been found to be a ciliopathy. Other known ciliopathies include primary ciliary dyskinesia, Bardet–Biedl syndrome, polycystic kidney disease and polycystic liver disease, nephronophthisis, Alström syndrome, Meckel–Gruber syndrome and some forms of retinal degeneration.[2]

Diagnosis

Orofaciodigital syndrome type 1 is diagnosed through

frontal bossing, high palate, hypertelorism, lobulated tongue, median cleft lip, and wide nasal bridge. Genetic screening of the OFD1 gene is used to officially diagnose a patient who has the syndrome, this is detected in 85% of individuals who are suspected to have Orofaciodigital syndrome type 1.[3][4]

Management

Orofaciodigital syndrome type 1 can be treated with reconstructive surgery or the affected parts of the body. Surgery of cleft palate, tongue nodules, additional teeth, accessory frenulae, and orthodontia for malocclusion. Routine treatment for patients with renal disease and seizures may also be necessary. Speech therapy and special education in the later development may also be used as management.[5]

See also

References

Further reading

External links