Ostroh

Coordinates: 50°20′0″N 26°31′0″E / 50.33333°N 26.51667°E / 50.33333; 26.51667
Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
For other uses, see Ostroh (disambiguation).
Ostroh
Острог
City
  • Clockwise from top: Old Campus of the Ostroh Academy
  • Scientific Library of the Academy
  • Lutsk Gate Tower
  • Guard Tower of the Ostroh Castle
  • Church of the Dormition of the Virgin Mary
Sister cities
Poland Gniew, Sandomierz, Bieruń, Czech Republic Beroun, United States Beaufort, South Carolina, Athens, Ohio, Italy Torre del Greco[1]
Websitehttps://ostroh-rada.gov.ua/

Ostroh (

administrative center of Ostroh Raion until 2020, but as a city of oblast significance did not belong to the raion. Currently the city is the centre of Ostroh urban hromada. Population: 14,894 (2022 estimate).[2]

The Ostroh Academy was established here in 1576, the first higher educational institution in modern Ukraine. Furthermore, in the 16th century, the first East Slavic books, notably the Ostrog Bible, were printed there.

History

The Mezhyrich Monastery

Medieval times to the Polish partitions

The

Ostrogski princely family, who developed their town into a great centre of learning and commerce. Upon the family's demise in the 17th century, Ostroh passed to the Zasławski and then Lubomirski
families.

In the second half of the 14th century, Ostroh, together with the whole of

Andrzej Wegierski
.

During the

Cossacks, and its Jewish residents were brutally murdered. The Great Maharsha Synagogue, built in 1627, was damaged during this period.[3] Ostróg slowly recovered, and in the second half of the 18th century, it became the site of a Jesuit college (see Collegium Nobilium
).

The Russian Empire through World War II

In the

Ożenin
.

Historical population
YearPop.±%
192112,975—    
193112,955−0.2%
202214,894+15.0%
Source: [4]

In the interwar period, Ostróg belonged to the County of

Polish Army, and the Border Protection Corps (KOP). The KOP Battalion "Ostróg" was stationed there, along with the 19th Volhynian Uhlan Regiment. On July 7, 1920, during the Polish–Soviet War, it was the site of a battle between a Polish unit under Wincenty Krajowski, and the Bolsheviks of Semyon Budyonny's 1st Cavalry Army
. Throughout 1919–1939 Ostróg was located in close to the Polish–Soviet border, and special passes were required to enter some districts of the town.

Following the 1939 Soviet invasion of Poland, Ostróg was annexed by the Soviet Union, as part of the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic. An unknown number of the town's residents were forcibly sent to Siberia. Local mayor Stanisław Ludwik Żurakowski was arrested by the Soviets, then held in several prisons in Volhynia, and eventually deported to Kozelsk and murdered in the Katyn massacre in April 1940.[5]

The Nazi German occupation resulted in the establishment of the

Holocaust
.

Modern times

In 2022, an informal

Russian invasion of Ukraine.[7]

Landmarks include Ostroh Castle on the Red Hill, with the church of the Epiphany (built in the fifteenth century) and several towers (Tatar Gate Tower and Roun "New" Tower). To the north-west from the castle stand two sixteenth-century towers. The suburb of Mezhirichi contains the Abbey of the Trinity, with a fifteenth-century cathedral and other ancient buildings.

Notable residents

  • Ostroh landmarks
  • Entrance to the Orthodox cathedral complex.
    Entrance to the Orthodox cathedral complex.
  • Cathedral of the Epiphany (ca. 1521, restored 1887–91)
    Cathedral of the Epiphany (ca. 1521, restored 1887–91)
  • Tatar Tower Gate (ca. 1500)
    Tatar Tower Gate (ca. 1500)
  • "New" Round Tower (ca. 1500)
    "New" Round Tower (ca. 1500)
  • 15th-century Church of the Trinity of the Mezhyrich Monastery
    15th-century Church of the Trinity of the Mezhyrich Monastery

See also

References

  1. ^ "Міста побратими". Official website of the Ostroh City Council (in Ukrainian). Retrieved 2024-12-18.
  2. ^ Чисельність наявного населення України на 1 січня 2022 [Number of Present Population of Ukraine, as of January 1, 2022] (PDF) (in Ukrainian and English). Kyiv: State Statistics Service of Ukraine. Archived (PDF) from the original on 4 July 2022.
  3. ^ and centuries later, once again, during the Holocaust. Sergey R. Kravtsov (December 17, 2015). "The Great Maharsha Synagogue in Ostroh: Memory and Oblivion. Have we reached the point of no return?". Retrieved September 12, 2019.
  4. ^ Wiadomości Statystyczne Głównego Urzędu Statystycznego (in Polish). Vol. X. Warszawa: Główny Urząd Statystyczny. 1932. p. 140.
  5. ISSN 1429-4109
    .
  6. ^ The Shoah in Ukraine: History, Testimony, Memorialization edited by Ray Brandon, Wendy Lower p.43
  7. ^ OglingKarl Puckett (March 12, 2022). "Beaufort agrees to send aid to Ostroh, Ukraine. A Facebook message sparked a dialogue". Retrieved March 30, 2022.
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