Perilipin-4

PLIN4
Identifiers
	ENSG00000167676
	ENSMUSG00000002831
	Q96Q06
	O88492
NM_001080400; NM_001367868; NM_001393888; NM_001393889; NM_001393890;
	NM_001393891
	NM_020568; NM_001372234
	NP_001354797
	NP_065593; NP_001359163

Perilipin 4, also known as S3-12, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the PLIN4 gene on chromosome 19.^[5]^[6] It is highly expressed in white adipose tissue, with lower expression in heart, skeletal muscle, and brown adipose tissue.^[7] PLIN4 coats lipid droplets in adipocytes to protect them from lipases.^[8]^[9] The PLIN4 gene may be associated with insulin resistance and obesity risk.^[10]

Structure

Gene

The PLIN4 gene resides on chromosome 19 at the band 19p13.3 and contains 9 exons.^[5]

Protein

This protein belongs to the

targeting sequence has yet been found in PLIN4.^[7]

Function

PLIN4 is a member of the

perilipin family, a group of proteins that coat lipid droplets in adipocytes,^[8] the adipose tissue cells that are responsible for storing fat. Perilipin acts as a protective coating from the body’s natural lipases, such as hormone-sensitive lipase,^[9] which break triglycerides into glycerol and free fatty acids for use in metabolism, a process called lipolysis.^[12] In humans, perilipin is expressed as 5 different isoforms; it is currently understood that the level of expression for each isoform is dependent on factors such as sex, body mass index, and level of endurance exercise.^[13]

PLIN4 is

epinephrine

) is primarily due to perilipin phosphorylation.

Clinical significance

The proteins in the Perilipin family are crucial regulators of lipid storage.

obese

animals and humans.

The PLIN4 gene, along with PLIN2, PLIN3, and PLIN5, have been associated with variance in body-weight regulation and may be a genetic influence on obesity risk in humans.[10]

Interactions

PLIN4 has been shown to interact with Caspase 8 and Ubiquitin C.^[14]

References

^ ^a ^b ^c GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000167676 – Ensembl, May 2017
^ ^a ^b ^c GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000002831 – Ensembl, May 2017
^ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^ ^a ^b "Entrez Gene: Perilipin 4".
^
PMID 22210160
.

^
PMID 17878492
.

^
PMID 2040638
.

^ ^a ^b Wong K (2000-11-29). "Making Fat-proof Mice". Scientific American. Retrieved 2009-05-22.
^
S2CID 24747708
.

^ Universal protein resource accession number Q96Q06 for "PLIN4 - Perilipin-4 - Homo sapiens - PLIN4 gene & protein" at UniProt.
^
PMID 12840023
.

PMID 22667335
.

^ "PLIN4 Results Summary". BioGrid. Tyerslab.com. Retrieved 18 May 2015.

Further reading

Richardson K, Louie-Gao Q, Arnett DK, Parnell LD, Lai CQ, Davalos A, Fox CS, Demissie S, Cupples LA, Fernandez-Hernando C, Ordovas JM (April 2011). "The PLIN4 variant rs8887 modulates obesity related phenotypes in humans through creation of a novel miR-522 seed site". PLOS ONE. 6 (4): e17944.
PMID 21533135
.

Sone Y, Yamaguchi K, Fujiwara A, Kido T, Kawahara K, Ishiwaki A, Kondo K, Morita Y, Tominaga N, Otsuka Y (2010). "Association of lifestyle factors, polymorphisms in adiponectin, perilipin and hormone sensitive lipase, and clinical markers in Japanese males". Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology. 56 (2): 123–31.
PMID 20495294
.

Kimmel AR, Brasaemle DL, McAndrews-Hill M, Sztalryd C, Londos C (March 2010). "Adoption of PERILIPIN as a unifying nomenclature for the mammalian PAT-family of intracellular lipid storage droplet proteins". Journal of Lipid Research. 51 (3): 468–71.
PMID 19638644
.

Wolins NE, Skinner JR, Schoenfish MJ, Tzekov A, Bensch KG, Bickel PE (September 2003). "Adipocyte protein S3-12 coats nascent lipid droplets". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 278 (39): 37713–21.
PMID 12840023
.

Nagase T, Kikuno R, Ohara O (August 2001). "Prediction of the coding sequences of unidentified human genes. XXI. The complete sequences of 60 new cDNA clones from brain which code for large proteins". DNA Research. 8 (4): 179–87.
PMID 11572484
.

Cusano NE, Kiel DP, Demissie S, Karasik D, Adrienne Cupples L, Corella D, Gao Q, Richardson K, Yiannakouris N, Ordovas JM (February 2012). "A Polymorphism in a gene encoding Perilipin 4 is associated with height but not with bone measures in individuals from the Framingham Osteoporosis Study". Calcified Tissue International. 90 (2): 96–107.
PMID 22210160
.

Peters SJ, Samjoo IA, Devries MC, Stevic I, Robertshaw HA, Tarnopolsky MA (August 2012). "Perilipin family (PLIN) proteins in human skeletal muscle: the effect of sex, obesity, and endurance training". Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism. 37 (4): 724–35.
PMID 22667335
.

This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain.

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Perilipin-4&oldid=1189312663"

[refGRCh38Ensembl-1] GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000167676 – Ensembl, May 2017

[refGRCm38Ensembl-2] GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000002831 – Ensembl, May 2017

[3] "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[4] "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[entrez-5] "Entrez Gene: Perilipin 4".

[:0-6] 
PMID 22210160
.

[:1-7] 
PMID 17878492
.

[greenberg-8] 
PMID 2040638
.

[urlMaking_Fat-proof_Mice:_Scientific_American-9] Wong K (2000-11-29). "Making Fat-proof Mice". Scientific American. Retrieved 2009-05-22.

[pmid19385027-10] 
S2CID 24747708
.

[11] Universal protein resource accession number Q96Q06 for "PLIN4 - Perilipin-4 - Homo sapiens - PLIN4 gene & protein" at UniProt.

[wolins-12] 
PMID 12840023
.

[13] PMID 22667335
.

[interact-14] "PLIN4 Results Summary". BioGrid. Tyerslab.com. Retrieved 18 May 2015.

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

[8]

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