Pride Fighting Championships
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PRIDE Fighting Championships (Pride or Pride FC, founded as KRS-Pride) was a Japanese
For the ten years of its existence, PRIDE was one of the most popular MMA organizations in the world. Pride broadcast its event on Japanese
With its origins in Japanese
In 2006, DSE started to have financial issues, as a scandal revealing ties between the company and
In 2015, Pride's co-founder and former president Nobuyuki Sakakibara established Rizin Fighting Federation in Japan with the same philosophy and ambition as for the defunct Pride organization.[9]
History
The Rise
Pride has its roots on Japanese
The match against Muhammad Ali, as well the other heterogeneous style bouts inspired a lot of Inoki's students. They left NJPW and founded a new company named
Pride Fighting Championships was initially conceived of in 1997, to match popular
In 2000, Pride hosted the first Pride Grand Prix, a two-part
In August 2002, Pride teamed up with Japan's leading kickboxing and fight promotion, K-1, and held the world's biggest fight event, Shockwave (known as Pride/K-1 Dynamite!! in Japan), which attracted over 71,000 fans. [2] On January 13, 2003, the Pride MMA production was thrown into turmoil when DSE president Naoto Morishita was found dead hanging by his neck in his hotel room, apparently after his mistress told him she wanted to end their affair.[20] One of the stories go that Fedor Emelianenko was held at gunpoint to resign with Pride[19] Nobuyuki Sakakibara later assumed the presidency, later joined by Takada as a general manager.
In 2003 Pride introduced the Bushido series of events, which focused mainly, but not exclusively, on the lighter weight classes of lightweights and welterweights. The Bushido series also stressed a faster pace, with bouts consisting of only one ten-minute round and one five-minute round, as well as quicker referee intervention of stalling tactics, using the new "yellow card" system of purse deduction.
Also in 2003, Pride returned to the tournament format, with a middleweight grand prix spanning two events,
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Pride_Fighting_intro.jpg/350px-Pride_Fighting_intro.jpg)
In 2006 DSE announced it would showcase Pride alongside the Ultimate Fighting Championship, North America's largest MMA event, and would be integrating their fighters, including
Pride continued to enjoy success, holding roughly ten events per year, and even out-drawing rival K-1 at the annual New Year's Eve show
On June 5, 2006, the Fuji Network announced that they were terminating their television contract with Pride Fighting Championships effective immediately due to a breach of contract by DSE.
In late 2006, DSE hinted at plans for
On November 29, 2006, Pride announced the discontinuation of its Bushido events, with the intention of integrating the matches from lighter weight classes, mainly featured in Bushido, into regular Pride events. Pride also announced that future Grand Prix tournaments would take place on a four-year weight class cycle, with one Grand Prix per year.[27] The first expected one, a lightweight Grand Prix, ended up being cancelled.[28]
The Fall
On Tuesday, March 27, 2007, Pride executives Nobuyuki Sakakibara and
Subsequent remarks by Zuffa spokesperson Dana White however cast doubt as to what the new owners would actually do with Pride. After the sale officially closed on May 25, 2007, White remarked that he planned on bringing Pride's biggest names into UFC competition instead of keeping them in Pride and that they were still deciding on what to do with Pride itself.[32] In later comments made in August 2007, White expressed doubt that Zuffa can resurrect Pride in Japan, claiming, "I've [or, we] pulled everything out of the trick box that I can and I can't get a TV deal over there with Pride. I don't think they want us there. I don't think they want me there."[33]
On October 4, 2007, Pride Worldwide closed its Japanese office, laying off 20 people who were working there since the closing of DSE.[34]
Multimedia
Video
The final Pride events have been released on DVD under the Pride Worldwide label.
Past fights from Pride are shown on Best of Pride Fighting Championships. The program premiered January 15, 2010, on
Video games
Pride Fighting Championships released two licensed video games during its time in business, as well as being featured in an Ultimate Fighting Championship game in 2012.
- The first game, Pride FC: Fighting Championships was developed by Anchor Inc. and released by THQ for the PlayStation 2 in February 2003 in Japan and North America and April 2003 in Europe.[35] The game received an aggregate score of 73/100 on Metacritic, based on 19 critic reviews.[36]
- The second game, PrideGP Grand Prix 2003 was developed and released by Capcom also for the PlayStation 2 in November 2003, but was only released in Japan.
- Pride Fighting Championships was also featured in the video game UFC Undisputed 3. Featuring main Pride event rules and 33 Pride fighters (not counting the Pride alumni on the UFC roster to date), the mode also has commentary provided by Bas Rutten and Stephen Quadros, with Lenne Hardt as the English Ring Announcer and Kei Grant as the Japanese Ring Announcer.[37]
Rules
Pride's rules[38] differed between main Pride events and Bushido events. It was announced on November 29, 2006, that Bushido events would be discontinued.[27]
Match length
Pride matches consisted of three rounds; the first lasted ten minutes and the second and third each lasted five minutes. Intermissions between each round were two minutes long. In Pride events held in the United States, NSAC Unified MMA rules were used: non-title matches consisted of three five-minute rounds and title matches consisted of five five-minute rounds, both with 60-second intermissions between rounds.
When two rounds of a Grand Prix took place on the same night, Grand Prix bouts consisted of two rounds, the first lasting ten minutes and the second lasting five. Intermissions between each round remained two minutes long.
Weight classes
- Pride Fighting Championships did not divide their fighters based on weight divisions per se. A fighter could be booked to fight an opponent of any weight. Weight divisions were used for championship bouts and for Grands Prix to decide a best fighter at a given weight class.
Weight class name | Weight limit | Since |
---|---|---|
Lightweight | 73 kg (161 lb) | 2004 |
Welterweight | 83 kg (183 lb) | 2004 |
Middleweight | 93 kg (205 lb) | 2000 |
Heavyweight | Unlimited | 2000 |
Openweight | No weight restrictions | 1997 |
Ring
Pride used a five-roped square ring with sides 7 m in length (approximately 23 ft). The same was used at Pride: Bushido events.
Attire
Pride allowed fighters latitude in their choice of attire, but open finger gloves, a mouthguard and a protective cup were mandatory. Fighters were allowed to use tape on parts of their body or to wear a gi top, gi pants, wrestling shoes, kneepads, elbow pads, or ankle supports, and masks at their own discretion, though each was checked by the referee before the fight.
Victory
Matches could be won via:
- Submission
- A fighter taps either his opponent or the mat three times
- A fighter verbally submits
- Technical submission
- A fighter goes unconscious from a choke
- An arm, or any other body part, is broken by the submission
- Knockout
- A fighter falls from a legal blow and is either unconscious or unable to immediately continue
- Technical knockout
- Referee stoppage (the referee stops the match after seeing that one fighter is completely dominant to the point of endangering his opponent)
- Doctor stoppage (the referee stops the match in the event that a fighter is injured via a legal blow and the ring doctor determines that he cannot continue)
- Forfeited match (a fighter's corner throws in the towel)
- Decision
- If the match reaches its time limit then the outcome of the bout is determined by the three judges. The fight is scored in its entirety and not round-by-round. (In Pride events staged in the United States, however, the fights were scored round by round.) After the third round, each judge must decide a winner. Matches cannot end in a draw. A decision is made according to the following criteria in this order of priority:
- The effort made to finish the fight via KO or submission
- Damage given to the opponent
- Standing combinations and ground control
- Takedowns and takedown defense
- Aggressiveness
- Weight (in the case that the weight difference is 10 kg/22 lb or more)
- If a fight was stopped on advice of the ring doctor after an accidental but illegal action, e.g. a clash of heads, and the contest is in its second or third round, the match was decided by the judges using the same criteria.
- Disqualification
- A "warning" was given in the form of a yellow card or a green card(The green card gave a 10% deduction of a fighter's purse) when a fighter committed an illegal action or did not follow the referee's instruction. Three warnings resulted in a disqualification
- A fighter was disqualified if a match was stopped, on the advice of the ring doctor, as a result of his deliberate illegal actions.
- The application of spray, Vaseline, massaging cream, hair cream, or any other substances to any part of the fighter's body before and during the fights was prohibited. The discovery of any of these substances resulted in a disqualification.
- A "warning" was given in the form of a
- No contest
- In the event that both sides committed a violation of the rules, the bout would be declared a "no contest."
- If a fight was stopped on the advice of the ring doctor after an accidental but illegal action, i.e. a clash of heads, the match would be declared a no contest in the first round only
Fouls
Pride Fighting Championships considered the following to be fouls:
- Head butting
- Eye gouging
- Hair pulling
- Biting
- Fish hooking
- Any attacks to the groin
- Purposely striking the back of the head (if a punch was thrown and the fighter turned away letting it land on the back of his head it was okay), which included the occipital region and the spine. The sides of the head and the area around the ears were not considered to be the back of the head. (see Rabbit punch)
- Small joint manipulation (control of four or more fingers or toes was necessary)
- Elbow strikes to the head and face
- Intentionally throwing the opponent out of the ring
- Running out of the ring
- Purposely holding the ropes. Fighters were not permitted to purposely hang an arm or leg on the ropes and it would result in an immediate warning.
- Stomps to a grounded fighter along with kicks and knees to the head of a grounded fighter, only in events in the US
In the event that a fighter was injured by illegal actions, then at the discretion of the referee and ring doctor, the round would attempt to be resumed after enough time had been given to the fighter to recover. Once the fight started again the fighters would be placed in the exact position when the referee called the time out. If the match could not be continued due to the severity of the injury then the fighter who perpetrated the action was disqualified.
Match conduct
- If both fighters were on the verge of falling out of the ring or became entangled in the ropes, the referee would stop the action. The fighters were required to immediately stop their movements and then would be repositioned in the center of the ring in the same relative position. Once they were comfortably repositioned, they would resume at the referee's instruction.
- Referees could give a fighter a penalty card for lack of activity. Every card, including warning cards, were a 10% deduction of a fighter's purse, this method was aimed to prevent inaction.
Matches between fighters of different weight classes
Pride made special provisions for fights between fighters of different weight classes or fighters with a large weight difference in the same weight class. The lighter fighter was given a choice of whether or not to permit knees or kicks to the face when in the "four points" position in the following cases:
- If both fighters were in the middleweight class and there was a weight difference of 10 kg/22 lb or more between the fighters.
- If the match was between a middleweight and heavyweight and there was a weight difference of 10 kg/22 lb or more between the fighters.
- If both fighters were in the heavyweight class and there was a weight difference of 15 kg/33 lb or more between the fighters.
Pride Bushido
PRIDE BUSHIDO were a series of PRIDE events with a special ruleset. The word BUSHIDO translates from the Japanese language as "the way of the warrior." More specifically, the term refers to the principals and moral code that developed among the samurai (military) class of Japan. BUSHIDO provided flexibility for more experimental fight card formats, such as "team" competitions pitting country versus country, or fight team versus fight team. BUSHIDO also gave an opportunity to up and coming fighters to prove themselves through matches with a special ruleset, known as "Challenge Matches." [39] There were a few minor differences from main Pride events:
- Bouts on Pride Bushido events consisted of two rounds; the first lasting ten minutes and the second lasting five. Intermissions between each round were two minutes in length.
- Bushido "Challenge Matches" consisted of two rounds lasting five minutes each. Intermissions between each round were two minutes in length.
- In Bushido, red cards were issued in a similar way that yellow cards were used in Pride FC. A red card resulted in a 10% deduction of the fighter's fight purse. Red cards could be given out in an unlimited number without disqualification. If fighters committed the following actions, they were to be given a red card by officials:
- stalling or failure to initiate any offensive attack
- making no attempt to finalize the match or damage the opponent
- holding the opponent's body with the arms and legs to produce a stalemate
Differences from the Unified Rules of Mixed Martial Arts
Some states' athletic commissions require mixed martial arts events to modify rules to match the Mixed Martial Arts Unified Rules of Combat, as introduced by the New Jersey State Athletic Control Board, and adopted by the Nevada State Athletic Commission in order to receive state sanctioning.[40][41]
Pride's rules differed from the Unified Rules of Combat in the following ways:
- Pride allowed kicking and kneeing the head of a downed opponent. This is considered a foul in the unified rules, which only allows kicks and knees to the head of a standing opponent.
- Pride allowed a fighter to stomp the head of a downed opponent. This is considered a foul in the unified rules.
- Pride allowed a fighter to spike (piledrive) an opponent onto the canvas on his head or neck. This is considered a foul in the unified rules.
- Pride did not allow striking directly down with the point of the elbow (12 o'clock to 6 o'clock).
- Pride's matches included a ten-minute first round, with two-minute rest periods. The unified rules allow rounds no longer than five minutes, with rest periods not exceeding one minute.
- Pride's matches were not judged on the ten-point must system, rather judges scored the whole fight. The unified rules call for all matches to be judged using the ten-point must system.
At the announcement on March 27, 2007, that the Fertittas were purchasing Pride, it was stated that all future Pride events (after Pride 34) would be held under unified rules, eliminating 10-minute opening rounds, ground knees, stomps and more, though there were no more Pride events held to use these rules.[42]
Pride events
Events typically begin with the theme music entitled PRIDE, composed by Yasuharu Takanashi, with each fight ending with the music entitled Victory, also composed by Takanashi.[43] In addition to their main, "numbered" events, Pride have staged other series of events for different purposes.
Pride Grand Prix
The Pride GP (Grand Prix) is the name of a series of tournaments held by Pride. In addition to a money prize, a championship belt was given to the winner of each tournament, though this belt only denoted the tournament winner and would never be defended. However, Pride's
In 2000, Pride held their first Grand Prix. With no weight limits, it is now considered to be their first openweight grand prix. Held across two events,
The concept was brought back in 2003, with a middleweight grand prix. Held across two cards,
In 2007, it was announced that Pride would hold only one Grand Prix a year and it would rotate between each of their four established weight classes.[27]
Format
Except for the inaugural 2000 Grand Prix, tournament dates with only one round would adhere to normal Pride or Pride Bushido rules. For tournament dates that held two rounds, a fight had a 10-minute first round, followed by a two-minute rest period for the fighters, and then a five-minute last round.
Exceptions
The
List of events
Year | Weight class | Events | Winner |
---|---|---|---|
2000 | Openweight | finals
|
![]() |
2003 | Middleweight | Final Conflict
|
![]() |
2004 | Heavyweight | Final Conflict
|
![]() |
2005 | Middleweight | Final Conflict
|
Mauricio Rua
|
2005 | Welterweight | Shockwave
|
![]() |
2005 | Lightweight | Shockwave
|
![]() |
2006 | Openweight | Final Conflict
|
Mirko Filipović
|
Pride Bushido
With Pride's numbered shows and Grands Prix focused on heavier fighters, in October 2003, Pride started a series of events entitled "Bushido". With the focus on lighter combatants, two weight classes, lightweight and welterweight, were formed at 73 and 83 kg respectively. After Pride Bushido 13, it was announced that the series would end and these weight classes would transfer to main Pride shows.
In 2005, Pride Bushido staged welterweight and lightweight Grands Prix. Two eight-man brackets were set up and the quarter-finals and semi finals were held at
Pride The Best
In 2002, Pride launched The Best, a series of shows featuring up-and-coming fighters, using an eight-sided roped ring. However, after the third show in October 2002, the series was discontinued. The concept was later refined into the Pride Bushido events.
Final champions
When Zuffa LLC bought Pride, it moved to unify the Pride middleweight and welterweight titles with its own light-heavyweight (205 lbs) and middleweight (185 lbs) titles. Dan Henderson, who held both the Pride middleweight and welterweight belts at the time of the Zuffa buy-out, was beaten in two unification bouts, first to Quinton 'Rampage' Jackson in September 2007 and then to middleweight Anderson Silva in March 2008.
The titleholders below were those who held the titles on April 8, 2007, the date of the last Pride FC promoted show.
Weight divisions
Division | Weight limit | Champion | Since | Title defenses |
---|---|---|---|---|
Heavyweight | Unlimited | ![]() |
March 16, 2003 |
3 |
Middleweight | 93 kg (205 lb) | ![]() |
February 24, 2007 | 0 |
Welterweight | 83 kg (183 lb) | ![]() |
December 31, 2005 |
0 |
Lightweight | 73 kg (161 lb) | ![]() |
December 31, 2005 |
1 |
Tournaments
An asterisk (*) indicates that the tournament was also a title fight.
Year/weight division | Champion | Runner up | Event |
---|---|---|---|
2000 Openweight | ![]() |
![]() |
Pride Grand Prix 2000 Finals
|
2003 Middleweight | ![]() |
![]() |
Pride Final Conflict 2003
|
2004 Heavyweight | ![]() |
![]() |
Pride Shockwave 2004 *
|
2005 Middleweight | Mauricio Rua |
![]() |
Pride Final Conflict 2005
|
2005 Welterweight | ![]() |
![]() |
Pride Shockwave 2005 *
|
2005 Lightweight | ![]() |
![]() |
Pride Shockwave 2005 *
|
2006 Openweight | Mirko Filipović |
![]() |
Pride Final Conflict Absolute
|
2006 Welterweight | ![]() |
![]() |
Pride Bushido 13
|
Notable fighters
The following fighters have won a tournament or championship titles or were high contenders in Pride. Some have competed in different weight classes.
Heavyweight
Fedor Emelianenko (last Pride FC Heavyweight Champion, Pride FC 2004 Heavyweight Grand Prix Champion, undefeated in Pride)
Antônio Rodrigo Nogueira (first Pride FC Heavyweight Champion, Pride FC Heavyweight Interim Champion, Pride FC 2004 Heavyweight Grand Prix runner-up, former UFC Interim Heavyweight Champion)
- IGF Heavyweight Champion, Rizin FF 2016 Openweight Grand Prix Champion)
Mark Coleman (Pride FC 2000 Openweight Grand Prix Champion, former UFC Heavyweight Champion)
Josh Barnett (Pride FC 2006 Openweight Grand Prix runner-up, former UFC Heavyweight Champion)
Igor Vovchanchyn (Pride FC 2000 Openweight Grand Prix runner-up)
Ken Shamrock (Pride FC 2000 Superfight winner, former UFC Superfight Champion)
Kevin Randleman (former UFC Heavyweight Champion)
Sergei Kharitonov (Pride FC 2004 Heavyweight Grand Prix semi-finalist)
Mark Hunt (Pride FC 2006 Heavyweight Title challenger, K-1 World Grand Prix 2001 Champion)
Semmy Schilt (four-time K-1 World Grand Prix Champion, former K-1 Super Heavyweight Champion, current Glory Heavyweight Champion, Glory Heavyweight Grand Slam 2012 Champion)
Don Frye (UFC 8 and Ultimate Ultimate 1996 Tournament Champion)
Kazuyuki Fujita (Pride FC 2000 Openweight Grand Prix Semi-finalist)
Fabrício Werdum (Former UFC Heavyweight Champion)
Middleweight
Wanderlei Silva (first Pride FC Middleweight Champion and Pride FC 2003 Middleweight Grand Prix Champion, most wins, title defenses, fights, and knockouts in Pride history)
- Mauricio "Shogun" Rua(Pride FC 2005 Middleweight Grand Prix Champion and former UFC Light Heavyweight Champion)
- Quinton "Rampage" Jackson(Pride FC 2003 Middleweight Grand Prix runner-up, Pride FC 2004 Middleweight Title challenger, and former UFC Light Heavyweight Champion)
Kazushi Sakuraba (Pride FC 2000 Openweight Grand Prix semi-finalist, Pride FC 2001 Middleweight Title challenger, and UFC Japan Heavyweight Tournament Champion)
Ricardo Arona (Pride FC 2005 Middleweight Grand Prix runner-up)
Kiyoshi Tamura (Pride FC 2002 Middleweight Title challenger)
Royce Gracie (UFC One, Two and Four champion)
- Dream and Strikeforceheavyweight champion, 2010 K-1 World Grand Prix Champion)
Hidehiko Yoshida (1992 Summer Olympics 78 kg Judo gold medalist and Pride FC 2003 Middleweight Grand Prix semi-finalist)
- Cage RageMiddleweight Champion, and former UFC Middleweight Champion)
- Elite XCMiddleweight Champion)
Chuck Liddell (2003 Pride FC Middleweight Grand Prix semi-finalist and former UFC Light Heavyweight Champion)
Hiromitsu Kanehara (Pride FC 2002 Middleweight Title challenger)
Kazuhiro Nakamura (2005 PRIDE FC Middleweight Grand Prix quarter-finalist)
Vitor Belfort (2005 PRIDE FC Middleweight Grand Prix participant and former UFC Light Heavyweight Champion)
Welterweight
Dan Henderson (Pride FC 2005 Welterweight Grand Prix Champion, last Pride FC Welterweight Champion and Middleweight Champion, last Strikeforce Light Heavyweight Champion)
Carlos Newton (former UFC Welterweight Champion)
Kazuo Misaki (Pride FC 2006 Welterweight Grand Prix Champion)
Murilo Bustamante (Pride FC 2005 Welterweight Grand Prix runner-up and former UFC Middleweight Champion)
Denis Kang (Pride FC 2006 Welterweight Grand Prix runner-up)
Paulo Filho (former WEC Middleweight Champion and Pride FC 2006 Welterweight Grand Prix finalist: replaced due to injury by Kazuo Misaki)
Ikuhisa Minowa (Pride FC 2005 Welterweight Grand Prix semi-finalist)
Akihiro Gono (Pride FC 2005 and 2006 Welterweight Grand Prix semi-finalist)
Gegard Mousasi (Bellator middleweight champion, former Strikeforce Light Heavyweight Champion, former Dream Light Heavyweight and Middleweight Champion, 2010 DREAM Light Heavyweight Grand Prix Champion and 2008 Dream Middleweight Grand Prix Champion)
- Hector Lombard (former BellatorMiddleweight Champion)
Lightweight
Takanori Gomi (only Pride FC Lightweight Champion and Pride FC 2005 Lightweight Grand Prix Champion)
Hayato Sakurai (Pride FC 2005 Lightweight Grand Prix runner-up and former Shooto Middleweight Champion)
Marcus Aurélio (Pride FC 2006 Lightweight Title challenger)
Joachim Hansen (Pride FC 2005 Lightweight Grand Prix semi-finalist, former Shooto Welterweight Champion and former Dream Lightweight Champion)
Luiz Azeredo (Pride FC 2005 Lightweight Grand Prix semi-finalist)
- One Fighting ChampionshipLightweight Champion, former Dream Lightweight Champion and former Shooto Welterweight Champion)
Jens Pulver (former UFC Lightweight Champion)
Tatsuya Kawajiri (former Shooto Welterweight Champion)
Gilbert Melendez (former Strikeforce Lightweight Champion and Former WEC Lightweight Champion)
Daisuke Nakamura (former Deep Lightweight Champion)
Nick Diaz (former Strikeforce Welterweight Champion)
See also
- Mixed martial arts
- List of Pride events
- List of Pride champions
- List of Pride FC fighters
- List of male mixed martial artists
- Yarennoka
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