Probactrosaurus

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Probactrosaurus
Temporal range:
Ma
Complete skeleton mounted at the Giga Dinosaur Exhibition 2017
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Clade: Dinosauria
Clade: †Ornithischia
Clade: †Neornithischia
Clade: †Ornithopoda
Superfamily: †Hadrosauroidea
Genus: †Probactrosaurus
Rozhdestvensky, 1966
Type species
†Probactrosaurus gobiensis
Synonyms

Probactrosaurus (meaning "before

period
.

Discovery and species

Mounted fossil.

In 1959 and 1960 a Soviet-Chinese expedition uncovered the remains of a

euornithopod in Inner Mongolia near Maortu. The type species is Probactrosaurus gobiensis, described and named by A. K. Rozhdestvensky in 1966.[1]
The generic name refers to Rozhdestvensky's hypothesis that Probactrosaurus would be the direct ancestor of Bactrosaurus, a notion now discarded.

The

Gobi desert. The holotype specimen, PIN 2232/1, a partial skeleton with skull, was found in layers of the Dashuigou Formation. Another partial skeleton, PIN 2232-10, was found along with numerous other fragments.[1]

Mandible and nasal bone.

In 1966 Rozhdestvensky also named a second species, Probactrosaurus alashanicus, based on fragmentary material. Its specific name refers to the Alxa League. In 2002 David B. Norman published a revision of the genus, in which he reported the holotype specimen of P. alashanicus, the back of a skull, had been lost after being dispatched from Moscow to Beijing. He concluded that the species was a synonym of P. gobiensis.[2]

In 1997

Mazong Shan region.[3] Today, this form is seen as more closely related to Equijubus and Altirhinus rather than to P. gobiensis and is therefore commonly referred to as "Probactrosaurus" mazongshanensis.[2] It was moved to the new genus Gongpoquansaurus in 2014.[4]

Description

Size Comparison
Life reconstruction

Probactrosaurus was a herbivorous dinosaur. In 2010 Gregory S. Paul estimated its length at 5.5 metres (18 feet) and its weight at one tonne.[5] Probactrosauurus was lightly built, with relatively long and slender arms and hands and only a small thumb spike. It had a narrow snout, an elongated lower jaw and tooth batteries, each consisting of a superimposed double row of flattened cheek teeth; a third row of replacement teeth was incipient. Probably predominantly quadrupedal, it shared some common features with the later duck-billed dinosaurs.[6]

Classification

Probactrosaurus was originally assigned by Rozhdestvenky to the Iguanodontidae.[1] Today it is seen as a basal member of the Hadrosauroidea, relatively closely related to the Hadrosauromorpha.[7]

See also

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Probactrosaurus.

References

  1. ^ a b c A.K. Rozhdestvensky (1966). "Novyye iguanodonty iz Tsentral'noy Azii. Filogeneticheskiye i taksonomicheskiye v zaimootnosheniya pozdnikh Iguanodontidae i rannikh Hadrosauridae. [New iguanodonts from Central Asia. Phylogenetic and taxonomic interrelationships of late Iguanodontidae and early Hadrosauridae]". Paleontologicheskii Zhurnal. 3: 103–116.
  2. ^
    doi:10.1046/j.1096-3642.2002.00027.x
    .
  3. ^ J. Lü (1997). "A new Iguanodontidae (Probactrosaurus mazongshanensis sp. nov.) from Mazongshan area, Gansu Province, China". Sino-Japanese Silk Road Dinosaur Expedition. China Ocean Press, Beijing: 27–47.
  4. ISBN 978-0-253-01390-3
    .
  5. ^ Paul, G.S., 2010, The Princeton Field Guide to Dinosaurs, Princeton University Press p. 292
  6. ISBN 978-1-84028-152-1
    .
  7. doi:10.1111/zoj.12193
    .
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