Reşwan (tribe)
Reşwan, (Kurdish: ڕەشوان ,Reşwan; Turkish: Rişvan) also known as Reşiyan, is a Kurdish tribe, native to the western frontier of Kurdistan,[1] mostly populating Adıyaman, Gaziantep, Kahramanmaraş and Malatya provinces in Turkey and also present in Konya and Ankara provinces, Raqqa in Syria, and
they live in
religion in tribe.Etymology
Nuh Ateş, a scholar and editor of Bîrnebûn, suggests that the name Reşwan is a compound of the
History
A tribe by the name of "Reşan" is mentioned in a Yezidi mişûr (manuscript) from 1207 AD, as one of the tribes affiliated to Pir Sini Darani, a Yezidi saint who is represented as the Lord of sea in the Yezidi religion.[8] and today Yezidis from the Reşwan tribe live in Shengal and Duhok, while some of them live in Turkey and neighboring countries.
The name of the tribe was recorded in the
Reşwan Kurds are mentioned in the geography book Cihannuma, which began being written in 1648 by the Ottoman intellectual, Katip Çelebi. He describes Reşwan Kurds as Yazidis who live in Ufacıḳlı, Baḳrāṣlı and Behisnī. Additionally, it is mentioned that most of the people of Malatya are Kurds and that one of their clans in these parts are "mischievous rebels" and "highway robbers".[10]
Somewhen in the 17th century, the earliest mention is from 1683, the tribes taxes were included into the Ottoman foundation financing the construction and maintenance of the Atik Valide Mosque.[11]
According to Johann Ludwig Burckhardt, Reşwans were often in contact and at war with nearby Turkoman tribes, who didn't hold the Reşwans in esteem.[12]
During the 1890s, the leader of the tribe Yakup Ragıp protected Armenians from Ottoman massacres.[13]
Sedentarization in Central Anatolia (1830–1880)
In early 19th century, Reşwan members who lived a nomadic life around
Politics and elections
In the 2000s, the tribe mainly voted for the conservative Justice and Development Party (AKP)[19] until 2014, when the well-known Reşvan Kurdish politician Dengir Mir Mehmet Fırat resigned from AKP and decided to run for the pro-Kurdish Peoples' Democratic Party (HDP) in the local election in 2015.[20][21] The leaders of the tribe decided to vote for HDP in the general election in June 2015.[22]
See also
- Kurdish tribes
- Kurds of Central Anatolia
- Çelikhan
- Sincik
Notes
- ^ a b van Bruinessen, Martin (2016). "The Kurds as objects and subjects of historiography: Turkish and Kurdish nationalists struggling over identity". Festschrift zum 65: 4.
- ^ "Rişvan Aşireti'nden Vali Ramazan Sodan'a Ziyaret" (in Turkish). 9 June 2012. Retrieved 29 March 2015.
- ^ "De midtanatolske kurdere - en ufortalt historie" (in Danish). Jiyan.dk. 16 August 2011. Retrieved 29 March 2015.
- ^ "Aşiretler, derneklerle kültürel bağları güçlü tutmaya çalışıyor" (in Turkish). 14 August 2015. Retrieved 25 June 2020.
- ^ Dede (2011), p. 23.
- S2CID 165746274.
- ^ "Reşîlerin tarihi". kurdenanatolien.com. 20 January 2018. Retrieved 25 June 2020.
- S2CID 214483496.
- ^ Dede (2011), p. 27.
- ISBN 978-90-04-44132-3.
- ^ Winter, Stefan (2017),p.261
- ^ Burckhardt, Johann Ludwig (1822). Travels in Syria and the Holy Land. London: John Murray. pp. 642–643.
- ISBN 978-6055458195. Retrieved 18 May 2015.)
{{cite book}}
: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link - ^ Dede (2011), pp. 36 & 47.
- ^ Dede (2011), p. 58.
- ^ Dede (2011), p. 65.
- ^ Dede (2011), p. 46.
- ^ Dede (2011), pp. 67–68.
- ^ "Aşiret oyları cepte değil". Aksiyon. 1 March 2004. Retrieved 29 March 2015.
- ^ "Failure of pro-Kurdish HDP to enter Parliament could spell trouble". Today's Zaman. 28 March 2015. Retrieved 29 March 2015.
- ^ "Pro-Kurdish leaders to run in elections despite HDP's two-term limit". 26 February 2015. Retrieved 29 March 2015.
- ^ "HDP aşiretleri nasıl ikna etti?" (in Turkish). Radikal. 11 May 2015. Retrieved 5 June 2015.
Bibliography
- Dede, Suat (2011), From nomadism to sedentary life in Central Anatolia: The case of the Risvan tribe (1830 - 1932) (PDF)
Further reading
- Winter, Stefan (2017), "The Reşwan Kurds and Ottoman Tribal Settlement in Syria, 1683-1741", Oriente Moderno, 97 (2),