The Ronettes
The Ronettes | |
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Background information | |
Also known as |
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Origin | New York City, New York, U.S. |
Genres | |
Years active | 1957–1967, 1973–1974 |
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Past members |
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The Ronettes were an American girl group from Washington Heights, Manhattan, New York City.[1] The group consisted of lead singer Veronica Bennett (later known as Ronnie Spector), her older sister Estelle Bennett, and their cousin Nedra Talley. They had sung together since they were teenagers, then known as "The Darling Sisters". Signed first by Colpix Records in 1961, they moved to Phil Spector's Philles Records in March 1963 and changed their name to "The Ronettes".
The Ronettes placed nine songs on the
Their song "Be My Baby" was inducted into the Grammy Hall of Fame in 1999. Rolling Stone ranked their album Presenting the Fabulous Ronettes Featuring Veronica No. 422 on its list of The 500 Greatest Albums of All Time.[2] The Ronettes were inducted into the Vocal Group Hall of Fame in 2004, and into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 2007. The group also holds the record for the longest gap between top-ten hits in Billboard history, just over 58 years.
Early years (1950–1961)
The Ronettes began as a family act where the girls grew up in
Furthering their interest in show business, Estelle was enrolled at Startime, a popular dancing school in the 1950s,
Colpix Records and The Peppermint Lounge (1961–1963)
After their night at the Apollo, Ira, Elaine, and Diane left the group. After the curious renaming of the group to "Ronnie and the Relatives", Ronnie, Estelle, and Nedra began taking singing lessons two afternoons per week. Appearing at local
While both singles failed to chart on the Billboard Top 100, fate intervened in advancing the group's success. A fortuitous case of mistaken identity led to Ronnie and the Relatives making their debut – as dancers rather than a singing act – at New York City's hip Peppermint Lounge in 1961.[14] It was the height of the Twist craze, and under-aged Nedra and Ronnie disguised themselves to get in.[14] The girls' mothers showed them how to put on make-up and fix their hair to make them look at least 23. When they arrived outside the club, its manager mistook Ronnie, Estelle, and Nedra for the trio supposed to dance behind house band Joey Dee and the Starliters for the evening. He led them in and put them onstage to perform in their place. During the show, Starliter David Brigati even handed the mike over to Ronnie when she started to sing Ray Charles' "What'd I Say".[15] Soon afterward, Ronnie and the Relatives became a permanent act at The Peppermint Lounge, each earning $10 per night to dance The Twist and usually sing a song at some point in the show.
Ronnie and the Relatives soon became "The Ronettes".[16] Colpix issued the first two singles credited to the Ronettes, "Silhouettes" and a re-issue of "I'm Gonna Quit While I'm Ahead", on its May label in April and June 1962, respectively. Both singles disappointingly failed to chart.[17] Later that year, they were flown to Miami to open a Florida branch of The Peppermint Lounge.[18] After their performance at the Miami gala, radio host Murray the K came backstage and introduced himself to them. He asked the women to begin appearing at his shows at The Brooklyn Fox in New York. They agreed, taking the Fox stage in 1962 and completing a transition from Murray the K's "Dancing Girls", to back-up singing for other acts, to performing as the Ronettes before year's end.[19] It was during this time that the women evolved their iconic look, wearing ever more exaggerated eye make-up while teasing their hair to impossible proportions. "We'd look pretty wild by the time we got out onstage," Ronnie later recalled, "and the kids loved it."[20] Colpix's May label issued a final single by the Ronettes in March 1963. When "Good Girls" failed to chart, the women decided to look elsewhere for studio work.[18]
Phil Spector and Philles Records (1963–1966)
In early 1963, frustrated with Colpix Records and the group's lack of success, sister Estelle called producer Phil Spector and told him the Ronettes would like to audition for him.[21] Spector met the women soon after at Mira Sound Studios in New York City. Later, Spector told Ronnie that he had seen them at The Brooklyn Fox several times and was impressed with their performances.[22] At the audition, when the group began singing "Why Do Fools Fall in Love", Spector jumped from his seat and shouted, "That's it! That's it! That's the voice I've been looking for!"[23]
Spector decided to sign the group; originally, he wanted to sign Ronnie as a solo act, until her mother told him he would sign the Ronettes as a group or there would be no deal.[24] Spector agreed, instructing Ronnie's mother to inform Colpix Records that the women had "given up" on show business so the studio would release their contract. By March 1963, the group was officially signed to Spector's Philles Records.[24]
The first song the Ronettes rehearsed and recorded with Spector was written by Spector, Jeff Barry, and Ellie Greenwich, "Why Don't They Let Us Fall in Love". They brought the women out to California to make the record, but, once it was completed, Spector declined to release it.[25] The Ronettes recorded more songs for Spector, including covers of "The Twist", "The Wah-Watusi" (lead vocals by Nedra), "Mashed Potato Time", and "Hot Pastrami". These four songs were released, but were credited to The Crystals on their 1963 Philles LP The Crystals Sing Their Greatest Hits, Volume 1.[26]
"Be My Baby"
After having been denied a release of their song as well as having credit for their next four recordings go to another group, the Ronettes went to work on the Phil Spector/Jeff Barry/Ellie Greenwich song "Be My Baby". The Ronettes recorded "Be My Baby" in July 1963, and it was released by August. "Be My Baby" was a smash record for the Ronettes. Radio stations played the song throughout fall 1963, and the Ronettes were invited to tour the country with Dick Clark on his "Caravan of Stars" tour.[27] "Be My Baby" inspired a legion of Ronettes fans, including Brian Wilson of The Beach Boys, who clearly intended "Don't Worry Baby" as an homage to the group.[28] The song became a Top 10 hit and peaked at number 2 on the Billboard Top 100. "Our lives were turned upside down," Ronnie later recalled. "All the things I'd ever dreamed about were finally coming true."[29]
"Be My Baby" was the first recording by Cher, who performed back-up vocals with Estelle, Nedra, and Sonny Bono. As the girlfriend of Bono, who was working for Phil Spector at the time, Cher was asked to join the back-up singers when one was a no-show. "'Be My Baby' was the first record I ever sang on," Cher later wrote. "I went out and stood in front of this big speaker and sang 'be my, be my baby' with the Ronettes and all these other singers."[30] After "Be My Baby", Cher became a permanent back-up singer on recordings by the Ronettes, as well as other songs Phil Spector produced until "You've Lost That Lovin' Feelin'".[30]
"Baby, I Love You"
After the overnight success of their first Phil Spector single, Spector was eager to do a follow-up with the Ronettes. He wrote "Baby, I Love You", again with Jeff Barry and Ellie Greenwich, and urged the Ronettes to leave New York for California to record the song at Gold Star Studios. A problem arose when the Ronettes were scheduled to leave for Dick Clark's "Caravan of Stars" tour across the United States. In lieu of having the Ronettes skip the Dick Clark tour, Spector decided Estelle and Nedra would do the tour with cousin Elaine, a former member of the group. Ronnie left for California to record "Baby, I Love You" with Darlene Love, Cher, and Sonny Bono subbing for Estelle and Nedra on back-up vocals. "Baby, I Love You" had an even denser arrangement, featuring Leon Russell on piano. The song was recorded in the early fall of 1963 and released in November that year. It was slightly less successful than "Be My Baby" on the charts, reaching number 24 Pop, number 6 R&B in the United States and number 11 in the United Kingdom.[31][32]
A Christmas Gift for You from Phil Spector
All three Ronettes, along with every other artist who was signed with Phil Spector in 1963, were featured on the Christmas LP A Christmas Gift for You from Phil Spector.[33] For this album, the Ronettes recorded three songs: "I Saw Mommy Kissing Santa Claus", "Frosty the Snowman", and "Sleigh Ride". All artists sang on the album's finale, "Silent Night", which opened with a spoken message from Phil Spector, wishing a Merry Christmas and thanking everyone for supporting the cooperative artists.
In his desire for absolute perfection on the album, Spector pushed his artists to belt out their lyrics as powerfully as they could.[33] "The Christmas album was the one where I'd thought I'd lost it mentally." Nedra later said.[33] "I heard the parts. I swore I'd put them down, but they said it wasn't on the tape."[33]
The album was released on the day President Kennedy was assassinated. It was not a success upon its initial release but it was re-released by Apple Records in 1972 and reached No. 6 on Billboard′s list of Christmas Albums that year.[33]
British tour, "Breakin' Up", and "Do I Love You?"
In January 1964, the Ronettes left for their first tour of the UK, where they made a strong impact from the very beginning.[34] "We must have been quite a sight in the Heathrow waiting room," Ronnie Spector later recalled, "three black American girls sitting with their legs all crossed the same way, our three identical, enormous hairdos piled a foot or so over our heads. When our young chaperon finally showed up, he was all smiles."[34]
On their first night in the UK, the women attended a party at Tony Hall's house where they met the Beatles. After meeting, Ronnie and John Lennon quickly became friends and Estelle dated George Harrison.[4] But for Ronnie, one of the biggest thrills was meeting Keith Richards of the Rolling Stones, who were the opening act for the Ronettes on their UK tour.[35] The feeling was mutually shared by Richards, who wrote of his relationship with Ronnie: "The first time I ever went to heaven was when I awoke with Ronnie (later Spector!) Bennett asleep with a smile on her face. We were kids. It doesn't get any better than that."[36]
When the women returned home from their British tour, they went right back into the studio to record "Keep on Dancing" and "Girls Can Tell", two songs written by Jeff Barry, Ellie Greenwich and Phil Spector. The group's recording of "Keep on Dancing" is notable because it features Ronnie and Nedra singing in unison, but Spector refused to release the single. Around this time, The Crystals also recorded a version of "Girls Can Tell", which also went unreleased.
"(The Best Part of) Breakin' Up" was subsequently recorded by the Ronettes. According to Ronnie, Spector was especially enthusiastic about the song.[37] "When Phil loved a song as much as he loved '(The Best Part of) Breakin' Up,'" she later wrote, "he could work on it for days without ever getting tired."[37] Released in April 1964, the song did not fare as well as the group's previous two singles, though it did manage to briefly break into the Billboard Top 40. In June 1964, the group's following single, "Do I Love You?", was released, also breaking into the Top 40, beating their previous single by five positions.
"Walking in the Rain"
As the
In the summer of 1964, Ronnie went into the studio to record her lead on the group's next single, "Walking in the Rain". She later recalled that the writers – Phil Spector, Barry Mann, and Cynthia Weil – were still adjusting the lyrics right up to the minute she recorded it. Ronnie recalled Phil placing headphones on her and telling her to listen closely. "Everything was quiet," she later wrote, "Then all of a sudden I heard a low rumble, like there was thunder coming from every corner of the room."[39] The thunder was used for the introduction and was featured prominently throughout the remainder of the song, the only one of which Ronnie recorded in a single take. "Walking in the Rain" became the group's most successful single since "Be My Baby" (released over a year earlier) and peaked at number 23 on the Billboard Hot 100.
Following the successful release of "Walking in the Rain", Philles Records released the group's first studio album, Presenting the Fabulous Ronettes featuring Veronica, in late 1964. The album proved only to be marginally successful, peaking at number 96 on the Billboard charts, but for the first time Phil Spector publicly promoted lead singer Veronica "Ronnie" Bennett over Estelle Bennett and Nedra Talley. Every Ronettes single after this referred to the group as "The Ronettes featuring Veronica" on the record labels.
Decline in popularity
After the success of "Walking in the Rain", the Ronettes' popularity had clearly begun to wane. In February 1965, Philles Records released the group's next single, "Born to Be Together", which only reached number 52 on the Billboard 100. Over the course of the next year, the Ronettes recorded a song catalog which, once completed, Phil Spector refused to release. Many attribute this to his insecurities and growing love for Ronnie. As the popularity of the group rose, their relationship grew deeper, and soon they were living together. Spector allegedly did not want the Ronettes to become too popular, in fear they would one day outshine him, perhaps explaining why he did not release recordings the Ronettes were contractually obligated to make. This allowed for the Motown group the Supremes to eclipse them to become the most popular female group of the time.
Some recorded yet unreleased songs include: "Paradise", "Everything Under the Sun", and "I Wish I Never Saw the Sun Shine". All three have since been covered by among others, the Shangri-Las, the Supremes, and Ike & Tina Turner. Spector's choice was to not release the Spector/ Jeff Barry/ Ellie Greenwich song "Chapel of Love", initially recorded by the Ronettes in early 1964. By the time their version finally was released, another recording by The Dixie Cups had gained attention. "We thought it was such a great record that we practically begged [Phil Spector] to put it out," Ronnie Spector later wrote.[40] "Then the Dixie Cups' version came out, and it was a smash! It was so depressing."[40]
In June 1965, the Ronettes' next single, "Is This What I Get For Loving You?", was released, becoming a minor hit, reaching only number 75 on the Billboard 100. However, the song proved popular for TV appearances on Hullabaloo,
There were internal problems within the group as well. "You also have to remember that Nedra and Estelle stood in the background while I got to bask in the spotlight," Ronnie later wrote.[42] "I was the one who flew out to California and sang lead on all our records. I was the one deejays wanted to talk to. And I was the one our producer was in love with, which meant I get the preferential treatment in all kinds of other ways which [quite understandably] drove them crazy."[42] "I hated the 'dog-eat-dog' side of show-business," Nedra Talley later commented.[43] "I hated pushing for the next record and the feeling of failure if we didn't get it. There was a continual demand on us to produce that I thought was unfair. My personality didn't like that."[43] Nedra's disdain for show business fueled her choice to marry Scott Ross.
Opening for the Beatles
After "Is This What I Get for Loving You?" was released in June 1965, over a year passed before the Ronettes' next single was released. "I Can Hear Music", written by Phil Spector/Jeff Barry/Ellie Greenwich and produced by Barry, was issued in October 1966, barely making it into the Billboard 100 by peaking at number 100 for exactly one week before it fell off the charts. The song was covered by the Beach Boys in 1969 with much greater success.
After "Be My Baby", the Ronettes became headliners at several Murray the K Holiday Shows in New York City and did package tours in the US and England. By late 1965, even without a recent hit, the group continued to make appearances at leading night clubs and on television shows, grace the covers of music magazines, and be featured on The Big TNT Show, a concert film produced by Phil Spector.[44]
In August 1966, the Ronettes joined the bill with the Beatles for a 14-city tour across America. Phil Spector became so enraged when Ronnie expressed a desire to accompany Estelle and Nedra on the tour that Ronnie was forced to remain in California with him while the girls' cousin Elaine, who had previously been in the group, filled her slot on the tour, while Nedra or Estelle assumed the lead vocals on stage. A picture published in the November 1966 issue of Ebony magazine [45] showed Nedra Talley singing lead, while Estelle and Elaine stood behind her singing harmony.
Break-up
After their tour with the Beatles ended, and "I Can Hear Music" failed to make an impact, the Ronettes left for a tour in Germany in early 1967, after which they agreed to break up and go their separate ways. Soon afterward, Nedra Talley married her boyfriend Scott Ross, Ronnie Bennett married Phil Spector, and Estelle Bennett settled down with Joe Dong, a long-time boyfriend.
According to her accounts, Phil Spector kept Ronnie a virtual prisoner in their 23-room mansion in California. He brought her into the studio only once during their marriage. During this session, which took place in early 1969 at A&M Records, she recorded "You Came, You Saw, You Conquered!" The song was released in March 1969, failing to make an impact on radio stations, which were now playing music in the style of Janis Joplin and Grace Slick. Later in 1969, Ronnie and Estelle were invited into the studio by Jimi Hendrix to record backing vocals on "Earth Blues". Their work on the song earned the Ronettes a credit on the LP Rainbow Bridge.[46][47]
Ronnie Spector and the Ronettes
Ronnie left Phil on June 12, 1972, and their divorce was finalized in 1974.[48] As she made an attempt to revive her career, she decided to reform the Ronettes. Nedra had no interest in returning to the group, and Estelle mentally could no longer handle the burden of performing as she was suffering from mental illness.[49] Ronnie replaced them with Chip Fields (mother of actress Kim Fields) and Denise Edwards.[50] They recorded some songs for Buddah Records in 1973, one of which was a cover of "I Wish I Never Saw the Sun Shine", a song Ronnie had first done in 1965, though Phil Spector had refused to release it.[51] The stint at Buddah was not successful, and by 1975, Ronnie had abandoned the idea of continuing the Ronettes and began her solo career.[52]
In 2017, Ronnie Spector released a new single Love Power under the name Ronnie Spector and The Ronettes making it the first Ronettes single in decades.[53]
Later years
Lawsuit against Phil Spector
In 1988, the original Ronettes sued Phil Spector for $10 million over unpaid royalties and for unpaid income he made from licensing of Ronettes’ music.[54] It took the case a decade to make its way to trial.[55] In 2000, Phil was ordered to pay them more than $2.6 million.[56] Phil appealed and in 2001 the state Supreme Court's Appellate Division upheld a lower court finding that he had violated his 1963 contract. He appealed that ruling as well, taking the case to the New York State Supreme Court in 2002.[57] In its ruling, the State Court of Appeals said it found the Ronettes' "plight sympathetic, because they have earned less than $15,000 in royalties from songs that topped the charts and made them famous," but the judge found that their contract gave Spector unconditional rights to the recordings.[58] The judge also reversed a lower court's ruling that they were entitled to the music industry's standard 50 percent royalty rate on sales of records, tapes and compact discs.[59] However, it was ruled that Spector was entitled to her share of the royalties; she had argued that she was forced to sign away her rights to royalties in her 1974 divorce settlement.[59] The royalties of the group's other two members were not in dispute.[59]
Deaths
On February 11, 2009, Estelle died of
Ronnie died on January 12, 2022, following a brief battle with cancer at the age of 78, leaving Nedra Talley the last surviving original member of the trio.[61]
Awards and recognition
The Ronettes were nominated for a
It was reported that Phil Spector, in his capacity as a member of the Board of Governors, prevented the Ronettes from being nominated for induction into the
Discography
References
- ^ "Ronnie Spector Biography". Ronniespector.com. November 9, 2010. Archived from the original on November 6, 2012. Retrieved November 10, 2012.
- ^ "Rolling Stone's 500 Greatest Albums of All Time". Rolling Stone. Archived from the original on September 12, 2012.
- ^ a b c Turco, Art (1982). "An Interview With Nedra Ross". The Record Exchanger.
- ^ a b Sisario, Ben (February 16, 2009). "A Life of Troubles Followed a Singer's Burst of Fame". The New York Times. Retrieved May 20, 2010.
- ^ Guardian Staff (September 19, 2008). "Is this it? Ronnie Spector". Theguardian.com.
- ^ "Hard French Hearts Los Homos: Presenting the Fabulous Ronettes - June 21, 2017". SF Weekly. June 21, 2017.
- ^ (Spector 2004, pp. 5–6)
- ^ a b (Spector 2004, p. 6)
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- ^ a b (Spector 2004, p. 31)
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- ^ (Spector 2004, p. 32)
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- ^ a b (Spector 2004, p. 43)
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- ^ (Spector 2004, p. 37)
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- ^ (Spector 2004, p. 45)
- ^ (Spector 2004, p. 46)
- ^ a b (Spector 2004, p. 49)
- ^ (Spector 2004, p. 55)
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- ^ (Spector 2004, p. 71)
- ^ "How The Beach Boys created their song 'Don't Worry Baby'". faroutmagazine.co.uk. 2021-05-11. Retrieved 2023-08-25.
- ^ (Spector 2004, p. 66)
- ^ ISBN 9780684809007.
- ^ "The Ronettes". History-of-rock.com.
- ^ Huey, Steve. "The Ronettes, Biography". AllMusic. Retrieved January 13, 2022.
- ^ a b c d e Turco, Art (1982). "An Interview with Ronette Nedra Ross". Record Exchanger.
- ^ a b (Spector 2004, p. 75)
- ^ Jones, Rebecca (2015-11-06). "Ronettes release new track 50 years on". BBC News. Retrieved 2020-10-05.
- ISBN 978-0-316-12856-8.
- ^ a b (Spector 2004, p. 83)
- ^ (Spector 2004, p. 84)
- ^ (Spector 2004, p. 110)
- ^ a b (Spector 2004, p. 113)
- ^ (Spector 2004, p. 114)
- ^ a b (Spector 2004, p. 102)
- ^ a b Turco, Art (1982). "In Interview with Ronette Nedra Ross". Record Exchanger.
- ^ Scott, John. L (December 1, 1965). "Performers Rock, Audience Roll at Pop-Folk Concert". The Los Angeles Times. pp. Part V 21. Retrieved 2023-11-18.
- ^ Company, Johnson Publishing (November 2, 1966). "Ebony". Johnson Publishing Company – via Google Books.
- ^ Glover, Tony (December 9, 1971). "Rainbow Bridge". Rolling Stone.
- ISBN 978-1-942-57003-5p. 322.
- ^ Hunt, Dennis (April 1, 1983). "Ronnie Spector Tells of Her Marriage to Phil". Los Angeles Times: G1.
- ^ Greene, Andy (March 19, 2009). "Obituaries: Estelle Bennet". Rolling Stone. p. 25.
- ISBN 978-1-4772-7633-4.
- ^ "Ronnie Spector Returns" (PDF). Record World: 23. May 18, 1975.
- ^ "Top Singles Picks". Billboard. September 6, 1975. p. 67.
- ^ "Ronnie Spector and The Ronettes 'Love Power' Premiere", People.com.
- ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved December 26, 2021.
- ^ "Spector Gets Slammed In Court". Rolling Stone. June 12, 1998. Retrieved December 26, 2021.
- ^ "Ronettes Entitled to Back Pay From Phil Spector, Judge Rules". Los Angeles Times. June 17, 2000.
- ^ "N.Y. Court To Hear Spector Appeal". Billboard. February 20, 2002. Retrieved December 26, 2021.
- ^ Caher, John (October 21, 2002). "Ronettes' Profits Limited by 1963 Contract". New York Law Journal. Archived from the original on March 20, 2003. Retrieved December 9, 2019 – via law.com.
Justice Graffeo said the contract is clear and unambiguous in granting Spector unconditional ownership rights to the master recordings.
- ^ a b c Worth, Robert F. (October 18, 2002). "A Sad Song for the Ronettes: Court Reverses Royalty Rights". The New York Times.
- ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2020-10-05.
- ^ "Ronnie Spector, "Be My Baby" singer, has died at 78". CBS News. 13 January 2022. Retrieved 2022-01-25.
- ISBN 978-1-4088-1950-0.
- ^ "GRAMMY Hall Of Fame". GRAMMY.com. October 18, 2010. Retrieved December 26, 2021.
- ^ "The People's Hall of Rock 'n' Roll Legends". Thepeopleshall.blogspot.com. April 1, 2011. Retrieved April 10, 2012.
- ^ "Rolling Stone : The Ronettes: Biography". Rolling Stone. July 11, 2007. Archived from the original on July 11, 2007. Retrieved June 14, 2021.
- ^ Sisario, Ben (July 23, 2011). "Amy Winehouse, British Soul Singer with a Troubled Life, Dies at 27". The New York Times. Archived from the original on August 25, 2011.
- ^ "Phil Spector blasts The Ronettes' Hall Of Fame induction". NME. March 7, 2007. Retrieved August 28, 2014.
- ^ "Keith Richards inducts The Ronettes at the Rock & Roll Hall of Fame (2007)". Radio.Video.Music. March 12, 2021. Retrieved December 26, 2021.
Sources
- Spector, Ronnie (2004). Be My Baby: How I Survived Mascara, Miniskirts, and Madness, or My Life as a Fabulous Ronette. New York: New American Library. ISBN 0-451-41153-6.
External links
- The Ronettes at Curlie
- The Ronettes at AllMusic
- The Ronettes discography at Discogs
- The Ronettes at IMDb
- The Ronettes at the Vocal Group Hall of Fame