Rubus canadensis

Rubus canadensis
	1909 Fitch illustration
Conservation status
	; Secure (NatureServe)
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
Clade:	Tracheophytes
Clade:	Angiosperms
Clade:	Eudicots
Clade:	Rosids
Order:	Rosales
Family:	Rosaceae
Genus:	Rubus
Species:	R. canadensis
Binomial name
	Rubus canadensis; L. 1753 not Torr. 1824
Synonyms
	Synonymy Rubus amnicola Blanch. ; Rubus argutus var. randii (L.H.Bailey) L.H.Bailey ; Rubus besseyi L.H.Bailey ; Rubus canadensis var. imus L.H.Bailey ; Rubus canadensis var. millspaughii (Britton) Blanch. ; Rubus forestalis L.H.Bailey ; Rubus illustris L.H.Bailey ; Rubus irregularis L.H.Bailey ; Rubus laetabilis L.H.Bailey ; Rubus millspaughii Britton ; Rubus orariu] Blanch. ; Rubus pergratus Blanch. ; Rubus pergratus Edees & A.Newton ; Rubus pergratus var. terrae-novae Fernald ; Rubus randii (L.H.Bailey) Rydb. ; Rubus suberectus Hook. ; Rubus villosus var. randii L.H.Bailey ; Selnorition canadensis (L.) Raf. ex B.D.Jacks. ; Rubus invisus (L.H.Bailey) L.H.Bailey ; Rubus jactus L.H.Bailey ; Rubus macdanielsii L.H.Bailey ; Rubus masseyi L.H.Bailey ; Rubus redundans L.H.Bailey ; Rubus sanfordii L.H.Bailey ; Rubus terraltanus L.H.Bailey ;

Rubus canadensis is a North American species of flowering plant in the

Newfoundland to Ontario) and the eastern United States (New England, the Great Lakes region, and the Appalachian Mountains).^[4]^[5]

This rhizomatous shrub forms thickets up to 2 to 3 meters (7–10 feet) tall. The leaves are deciduous and alternately arranged, each measuring 10 to 20 centimeters (4-8 inches) long. The inflorescence is a cluster of up to 25 flowers. The fruit is an aggregate of many small drupes, each of which contains a tiny nutlet. The plant reproduces by seed, by sprouting up from the rhizome, and by layering. The stems can grow one meter (40 inches) in height in under two months.^[4]^[3]

Rubus canadensis grows in many types of forested habitat, as well as on disturbed sites. Associated plants may include

Menziesia pilosa), and rosebay (Rhododendron catawbiense).^[4]

Many types of animals feed on the fruits and foliage of this shrub. The thickets provide cover and nesting sites.[4]

The fruits of this plant provided food for Native American groups, who also used parts of the plant medicinally at times.^[6]

References

^ illustration from Curtis's Botanical Magazine, London., vol. 135 [= ser. 4, vol. 5]: plate 8264, lithograph by J.N.Fitch
^ USDA, NRCS (n.d.). "Rubus canadensis". The PLANTS Database (plants.usda.gov). Greensboro, North Carolina: National Plant Data Team. Retrieved 24 October 2015.
^ ^a ^b Flora of North America, Rubus canadensis Linnaeus, 1753. Canadian or smooth highbush blackberry, ronce du Canada
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Coladonato, Milo. 1994. Rubus canadensis. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory.
^ Biota of North America Program 2014 county distribution map
^ Rubus canadensis. University of Michigan Ethnobotany.

External links

Media related to Rubus canadensis at Wikimedia Commons
Data related to Rubus canadensis at Wikispecies
The Nature Conservancy
"Rubus canadensis". Plants for a Future.
"Rubus pergratus". Plants for a Future.

[1] ustration from Curtis's Botanical Magazine, London., vol. 135 [= ser. 4, vol. 5]: plate 8264, lithograph by J.N.Fitch

[2] USDA, NRCS (n.d.). "Rubus canadensis". The PLANTS Database (plants.usda.gov). Greensboro, North Carolina: National Plant Data Team. Retrieved 24 October 2015.

[tammy-3] Flora of North America, Rubus canadensis Linnaeus, 1753. Canadian or smooth highbush blackberry, ronce du Canada

[feis-4] Coladonato, Milo. 1994. Rubus canadensis. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory.

[5] Biota of North America Program 2014 county distribution map

[ethno-6] Rubus canadensis. University of Michigan Ethnobotany.

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