SG-43 Goryunov

Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
SG-43
Iron sights

The SG-43 Goryunov (

Second World War. It was chambered for the 7.62×54mmR cartridge, and was introduced in 1943 as a replacement for the older M1910 Maxim machine guns.[3] It was mounted on wheeled mounts, tripods and armored vehicles.[4]

Design

The SG-43 used a

breech. The reciprocating motion
is achieved by using two claws to pull the round from the belt, and then an arm pushes the round into the cartridge guide ready for the bolt to carry it to the breech. Despite this complication, the SG-43 was remarkably reliable and feed jams were apparently few.

The barrel is air-cooled and massively dense, contributing to a fairly high overall weight. The bore is chromium-plated and able to withstand continuous fire for long periods. The barrel can also be easily changed by releasing a simple lock, and the carrying handle allows a hot barrel to be lifted clear without difficulty. The World War II version of the gun had a smooth outline to the barrel, and the cocking handle was under the receiver, with no dust covers to the feed and ejection ports.

History

After the end of World War II, the SG-43 was improved and renamed SGM ("M" for modernized); dust covers and a new barrel lock were fitted, and a splined barrel was fitted to improve cooling.[5] A coaxially-mounted stockless electric solenoid-fired variant was developed under the designation SGMT (the "T" standing for Tankovy, or "Tank"). The SG-43M and SGMB are versions modified with dust covers and used mostly on armoured personnel carriers.[6]

The SG-43/SGM was widely exported and also licensed for construction in several countries. It was manufactured in the

People's Republic of China as the Type 53 (SG-43) and Type 57 (SGM) heavy machine guns.[7] It was also produced in Czechoslovakia (as Vz 43) and Poland (as Wz 43).[8]

In addition to World War II, SG-43 saw service in the

RP-46, was replaced in the 1960s by the PK machine gun due to the switch in Soviet tactical doctrine to the general-purpose machine gun concept, rendering the gun effectively obsolete.[6]

KGK general purpose machine gun

A KGK on a tripod at the Museum of Military History in Budapest

The KGK (Korszerűsített Gorjunov-Kucher) general purpose machine gun was based on the Goryunov machine gun modified by a FEG team headed by József Kucher[10] (partner of Pál Király best known for his Kucher Model K1 SMG) and produced in Hungary during the 1960s and 1970s. The team added a butt-stock, a pistol grip, a conventional trigger and a bipod from the RPD machine gun, moved the charging handle from the bottom to the side, and redesigned the barrel lock mechanism so that the barrel could be quickly change in the field.[11][12] Otherwise, the machine gun is identical to an SGM, and most parts are interchangeable.

It was used by the Hungarian army on a limited scale, including in the KGKT version as the turret machine gun on

D-944 PSZH scout car
, and was later replaced by a domestically produced copy of the Kalashnikov PKM machine gun.

Users
Type 53 MMG

References

  1. ^ Советская военная энциклопедия. / ред. Н.В. Огарков. том 2. М., Воениздат, 1976. стр.617
  2. ^
    ISBN 0-313-33248-7
    .
  3. ISBN 978-1-85109-485-1
    .
  4. ^ Hogg 1988, p. 315.
  5. ^ Smith 1969, p. 607.
  6. ^ a b Smith 1969, p. 608.
  7. ^ a b Smith 1969, p. 297.
  8. ^ Small Arms Identification and Operation Guide--Eurasian Communist Countries, Defense Intelligence Agency/United States Army Materiel Command ST-HB-07-03-74, p. 324
  9. ISBN 978-1-85109-849-1
    .
  10. ^ "Goryunov SGM KGK Machine Guns made by Hungary".
  11. ^ "KGKT Build: Introduction - the SG-43's Hungarian cousin". 27 October 2017.
  12. ^ "KGK General Purpose Machine Gun".
  13. ISBN 978-1-4000-3084-2
    , p. 134
  14. ISBN 978-9623610094
    .
  15. ^ Neville 2018, p. 26.
  16. ISBN 978-0-521-88039-8
    .
  17. ^ a b Hogg 1988, p. 767.
  18. ^ "Google Sites".
  19. ^ Smith 1969, p. 300.
  20. ISBN 0199251754. Archived from the original
    (PDF) on November 12, 2010.
  21. ^ a b Small Arms Survey (2015). "Waning Cohesion: The Rise and Fall of the FDLR–FOCA" (PDF). Small Arms Survey 2015: weapons and the world (PDF). Cambridge University Press. p. 202. Archived from the original (PDF) on July 1, 2015.
  22. ^ "Gorjunov SG 43". vhu.cz (in Czech). Vojenský historický ústav Praha [cs].
  23. ISBN 0-85045-451-4
    .
  24. ^ Smith 1969, p. 613.
  25. ISBN 1-84176-969-X
    .
  26. ^ "Საექსპორტო და საიმპორტო კონტროლს დაქვემდებარებული სამხედრო დანიშნულების პროდუქციის ნუსხის შესახებ".
  27. ^ a b Hogg 1988, p. 769.
  28. ^ Smith 1969, p. 381.
  29. ISBN 9781846030796
    .
  30. ISBN 978-963-327-461-3
    .
  31. ^ Smith 1969, p. 461.
  32. ISBN 9781855322776
    .
  33. ISBN 978-0-521-19714-4. Archived from the original
    (PDF) on August 30, 2012.
  34. ^ "World Infantry Weapons: Libya". Archived from the original on 5 October 2016.
  35. ^ Touchard, Laurent (18 June 2013). "Armée malienne : le difficile inventaire". Jeune Afrique (in French).
  36. hdl:10945/38996
    .
  37. ^ Hogg 1988, p. 771.
  38. ISBN 9781846033711
    .
  39. ^ "Gorjunov SG-43, SGM / NAM 64-75".
  40. ISBN 9781472822512
    .
  41. ^ Smith 1969, p. 526.
  42. ^ Smith 1969, p. 533.
  43. ^ Hogg 1988, p. 772.
  44. ^ Small Arms Survey 2012, p. 338.
  45. ^ Smith 1969, p. 606.
  46. JSTOR j.ctt19jcgzg
    .
  47. ^ Hogg 1988, p. 773.
  48. ISBN 978-1-000-30346-9
    .
  49. ^ Hogg 1988, p. 774.
  50. ^ Headquarters 1 Brigade (Brady Barracks) (Gate Exhibit), Bulawayo, Zimbabwe: Zimbabwe National Army, 2010

Sources

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to SG-43 Goryunov.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=SG-43_Goryunov&oldid=1213036044"