Salm-Salm

County (Principality) of Salm-Salm Grafschaft (Fürstentum) Salm-Salm (German) Principauté de Salm-Salm (French)
1574–1793 1802–1811
Flag Coat of arms
Status	Mediatised to Prussia	→ 1813
Preceded by Succeeded by Salm-Dhaun First French Empire

The Principality of Salm-Salm (German: Fürstentum Salm-Salm; French: Principauté de Salm-Salm) was a state of the Holy Roman Empire. It was located in the present-day French departments of Bas-Rhin and Vosges; it was one of a number of partitions of Salm.

History

Salm-Salm was created as a partition of

The last territorial partition occurred in 1751, when Salm-Salm reorganized its borders with the Duchy of Lorraine. Since 1743 the Princes were also Dukes of Hoogstraten.

In 1790, after the

Some years later, in 1802/1803, together with

In 1165, the original County of Salm was divided into the counties of Lower Salm, in the Ardennes, and the county of Upper Salm, situated in the Vosges mountains. In 1738, the County of Upper Salm was elevated to Principality of Salm-Salm.

The capital of Salm-Salm was first Badonviller, and from 1751 on, Senones. The second part of the name of Salm-Salm derives from Salm Castle near Salm (today La Broque).

At the end of its existence, Salm-Salm had an area of about 200 km² (77 sq mi) and 10,000 inhabitants. It was separated from the main part of the Holy Roman Empire when most of Alsace was ceded to France in the 17th century. Until 1766, it was bordered by the Duchy of Lorraine to the west and by France to the east. After Lorraine became a part of France on 24 February 1766, Salm-Salm formed an exclave of the Holy Roman Empire surrounded by French territory.

The economy of Salm-Salm was mainly based on an

• 
  County of Upper Salm
  (Obere Grafschaft Salm)
• 
  Salm Castle in 1589

Rulers

Counts and Princes of Salm and Salm-Salm (1574–1738)

• Friedrich I, Count of
  Salm-Dhaun
  , Count of Salm-Salm 1574–1608 (1547-1608)
  • Philipp Otto, Count 1608–1634 (1576-1634), created 1st Prince of Salm 1623
    • Ludwig, Count and 2nd Prince 1634-1636 (1618-1636)
    • Leopold Philipp Karl, Count and 3rd Prince 1636–1663 (1620-1663)
      • Karl Theodor, Count and 4th Prince 1663–1710 (1645-1710)
        • Eleonore, Married to Conrard, 1st Duke d'Ursel.
          • Charles, 2nd Duke d'Ursel (1717–1775)
        • Ludwig Otto, Count and 5th Prince 1710–1738 (1674-1738)

At Ludwig Otto's death, the male line became extinct, and the county of Salm-Salm passed to descendants of Friedrich I's youngest son, Friedrich I Magnus (1606-1673). Eventually, the title Prince of Salm was assumed by his descendants as well.

better source needed

]

Sovereign princes of Salm-Salm (1739–1813)

• Nikolaus Leopold of Salm-Hoogstraten, 1st Prince 1739–1770 (1701-1770),^[2] great-grandson of Friedrich I Magnus (see note under Counts)
  • Ludwig Karl Otto, 2nd Prince 1770–1778 (1721-1778)
  • Prince Maximilian Friedrich Ernst of Salm-Salm (1732-1773)
    • Konstantin Alexander, 3rd Prince 1778–1828 (1762-1828), mediatized 1813

better source needed

]

Mediatised princes of Salm-Salm (1813–present)

• Konstantin Alexander, 3rd Prince 1778–1828 (1762-1828), mediatized 1813
  • Florentin, 4th Prince 1828–1846 (1786-1846)
    • Prince Felix of Salm-Salm (1828-1870)
    • Alfred, 5th Prince 1846–1886 (1814-1886)
      • Nikolaus, 6th Prince 1886–1908 (1838-1908)
      • Alfred, 7th Prince 1908–1923 (1846-1923)
        • Emanuel, Hereditary Prince of Salm-Salm (1871-1916)
          • Isabelle (1903-2009), one of the longest-lived members of any princely family.^[4]
          • Nikolaus Leopold, 8th Prince 1923–1988 (1906-1988), 8th Prince of Salm-Kyrburg 1951
            • Carl-Philipp, 9th Prince of Salm-Salm and of Salm-Kyrburg 1988–present (born 1933) (1988–present), 14th Prince of Salm
              • Emanuel,
                Hereditary Prince
                of Salm-Salm (born 1961)
              • Prince Philipp of Salm-Salm (born 1963)
                • Prince Wilhelm of Salm-Salm (born 2005)
              • Prince Clemens of Salm-Salm (born 1966)
        • Prince Franz Emanuel Konstantin of Salm-Salm (1876-1964)
          • Prince Franz Karl Alfred of Salm-Salm (1917-2011)
            • Prince Michael of Salm-Dahlberg (born 1953)
              • Prince Constantin of Salm-Dahlberg (born 1980)
              • Prince Felix of Salm-Dahlberg (born 1981)
            • Prince Franziskus-Hendrick of Salm-Salm (born 1963)
            • Prince Georg-Alfred of Salm-Salm (born 1969)

better source needed

]

References

This article includes a list of general references, but it lacks sufficient corresponding inline citations. Please help to improve this article by introducing more precise citations. (November 2016) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)

1. ^ Marek, Miroslav. "salm/salm4.html". genealogy.euweb.cz.^{[self-published source]}
2. ^ and 1st Duke (and 10th Count) of Hoogstraten 1740-1770
3. ^ Marek, Miroslav. "salm/salm5.html". genealogy.euweb.cz.^{[self-published source]}
4. ^ Coke, Hope. "The top 10 longest-living royals in history". Tatler. Retrieved 4 August 2021.
5. ^ Marek, Miroslav. "salm/salm6.html". genealogy.euweb.cz.^{[self-published source]}

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to House of Salm.

• House of Salm, at europeanheraldry.org
• (in French) History of the Principality of Salm at the Office de Tourisme Pays des Abbayes
• (in French) Salm Castle
• Flags of the Principality of Salm-Salm
• Information and symbols of the Principality of Salm
• Princely museum at Anholt Castle (in German)