Samandar (city)
Samandar (also Semender) was a city in (and briefly capital of)
Chechen Republic
.
Location
The exact location of the city is unknown. Medieval Arabic sources report simply that it was midway between
History
The Russian scholar
Moses of Chorene
mentions a town "M-s-n-d-r" in the land of Huns located to the north of Derbent.
Samandar became the second capital of the
Khazar Khaganate in the 720s, after Balanjar was abandoned as a result of the Umayyad invasion. For the same reason, the capital was moved again further north to Atil, sometime between 730 and 750.[3]
According to the 10th-century geographers
Sviatoslav
in the 960s, leading to a decline and disappearance of Khazaria.
References
- ^ a b c Brook 2018, p. 31.
- ^ Brook 2018, p. 30.
- ^ Brook 2018, p. 20.
- ^ Brook 2018, pp. 30–31.
Sources
- Brook, Kevin Alan (2018). The Jews of Khazaria, Third Edition. London: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, Inc. ISBN 9781538103425.
- ISBN 965-07-0665-8
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