Sequoia (genus)
Sequoia Temporal range:
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Sequoia sempervirens | |
Scientific classification | |
Kingdom: | Plantae |
Clade: | Tracheophytes |
Clade: | Gymnospermae |
Division: | Pinophyta |
Class: | Pinopsida |
Order: | Cupressales
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Family: | Cupressaceae |
Subfamily: | Sequoioideae |
Genus: | Sequoia Endl. nom. cons.
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Type species | |
Endl.
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Species | |
Natural ranges of Sequoia and Sequiodendron
green - Sequoia sempervirens
red - Sequoiadendron giganteum
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Synonyms[1] | |
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Sequoia is a
Several
Etymology
The name Sequoia was first published as a genus name by the Austrian botanist Stephan Endlicher in 1847.[4] However, he left no specific reasons for choosing that name, and there is no record of anyone else speaking to him about its origin.
Beginning in the 1860s, it was suggested that the name is a derivation from the Latin word for "sequence", since the species was thought to be a follower or remnant of massive ancient, extinct species, and thus the next in a sequence.[5]
However, in a 2012 article, author Gary Lowe argues that Endlicher would not have had the knowledge to conceive of Sequoia sempervirens as the successor to a fossil sequence, and that he more likely saw it, within the framework of his taxonomic arrangements, as completing a morphological sequence of species in regards to the number of seeds per cone scale.[5]
In 2017, Nancy Muleady-Mecham of Northern Arizona University, after extensive research with original documents in Austria, claimed to find a positive link to the person Sequoyah (the inventor of the Cherokee writing system) and Endlicher, as well as information that the use of the Latin sequor would not have been correct.[6] However there are debilitating limitations to the arguments presented in the 2017 article. The alleged positive link is based on a similarity in pronunciation of the words “Sequoyah” and “Sequoia”: valid to persons that think in English, but not those that think in German or Latin. Endlicher could not have known how Sequoyah’s name was pronounced in Cherokee since he did not have the opportunity to hear spoken Cherokee. The claimed use of Latin ignores Endlicher’s philological background and familiarity with the Latin of the ancient manuscripts in the royal library on which he extensively published. Endlicher’s Botanical Latin prefix in the genus name Sequoia was derived from the Latin verb “sequor”, and was not a conjugation of the verb.[7]
Paleontology
Sequoia jeholensis is the oldest recorded member of the genus Sequoia (along with Sequoia portlandica, but this name is a
Sequoia ancestors were not dominant in the tropical high northern latitudes, like
A general cooling trend by the late
See also
- Muir Woods National Monument
- Pacific temperate rain forests
- Redwood National and State Parks
References
- ^ a b "Plants of the World Online | Kew Science". Plants of the World Online. Retrieved 2023-08-30.
- ^ Biota of North America Program 2013 county distribution map
- ^ ISBN 1-4020-2631-5.
- ^ Endlicher, Stephan (1847). Synopsis Coniferarum. Vol. 1847. St. Gallen: Scheitlin & Zollikofer.
- ^ a b Lowe, Gary D. (2012). "Endlicher's sequence: the naming of the genus Sequoia" (PDF). Fremontia. 40 (1 & 2): 25–35. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2 January 2014. Retrieved January 1, 2014.
- S2CID 89925020.
- ISBN 9781532384721.
- S2CID 227180592. Retrieved 9 March 2021.
- ^ a b M. R. Ahuja & D. B. Neale (2002). "Origins of polyploidy in coast redwood (Sequoia sempervirens) and relationship of coast redwood to other genera of Taxodiaceae" (PDF). Silvae Genetica. 51 (2–3): 93–100.
- .
- ^ Lowe, Gary D. (2014). Geologic History of the Giant Sequoia (PDF). North American Research Group (NARG) Special Publication No. 1.
- ^ a b c Snyder, James Arthur (1992). The ecology of Sequoia sempervirens: an addendum to "On the edge: nature's last stand for coast redwoods" (M.A. thesis). San Jose State University.
- doi:10.1038/17783.