Soviet deportations from Bessarabia and Northern Bukovina
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The Soviet deportations from Bessarabia and Northern Bukovina took place between late 1940 and 1951 and were part of
The deportations began after the Soviet occupation of Bessarabia and Northern Bukovina, which occurred in June 1940. According to a secret Soviet Ministry of Interior report dated December 1965, 46,000 people were deported from the Moldavian Soviet Socialist Republic for the period 1940−1953.[1]
Moldovan historian
1940–1941
As a result of the Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact of August 1939, the Romanian government was forced to accept the Soviet ultimatum of June 26, 1940, and withdrew from Bessarabia and Northern Bukovina. These regions (as well as the Hertsa region) were then incorporated into the Soviet Union, most of the former being organized as the Moldavian SSR, while the other areas were attributed to the Ukrainian SSR.
On June 12–13, 1941, 29,839 members of families of "counter-revolutionaries and nationalists" from the Moldavian SSR, and from the
Labor mobilization
During 1940 and 1941, 53,356 people from
Aftermath
Professor
Such figures were not confirmed after the opening of Soviet archives: historian Igor Cașu indicated a figure of 86,604 people from Bessarabia, Northern Bukovina, and Hertsa Region who suffered political repression in 1940–1941, the greater part (53,000) being subjected to forced conscription for labour across the Soviet Union.[7][8] Among the cca. 30,000 deportees, there were representatives from all ethnic groups: Romanians, Ukrainians, Russians, Jews, Bulgarians, Gagauz. Moldovans and Romanians comprised 50% of these, a proportion similar with their weight in the general population, leading Cașu to conclude that the prewar and postwar repressions were not directed at any specific ethnic or national group.[8]
1942
On June 22, 1941, Nazi Germany, together with several other countries, including Romania (which had the primary objective of reintegrating Bessarabia and Northern Bukovina into the Romanian state), attacked the Soviet Union (see Operation Barbarossa). After the start of the war, further deportations occurred in the USSR. In April 1942, Romanian deportees and some other nationalities were deported again from Crimea and the North Caucasus.[citation needed] In June 1942, Romanians and others were also deported from Krasnodar Krai and the Rostov Oblast.[citation needed]
1949
On April 6, 1949, the Political Bureau of the
1951
On February 19, 1951,
Legacy
Memorial
A
Gallery
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70 years since the first mass deportation of Bessarabians, 1941–2011. Post of Moldova 2011.
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Monument to the deportees in front of theChișinău Railway Station
See also
- Vorkuta uprising
- Romanian prisoners of war in the Soviet Union
- Commission for the Study of the Communist Dictatorship in Moldova
References
- ^ Mawdsley 1998, p. 73.
- ^ "Astăzi se împlinesc 81 de ani de la ocuparea Basarabiei de către Uniunea Sovietică" (in Romanian). Radio Chișinău. 28 June 2021.
- ^ "Nu se va întoarce nimeni și niciodată—aici vă vor putrezi oasele". newsmaker.md (in Romanian). 12 September 2017. Retrieved May 4, 2020.
- ^ ISBN 9780719077760. Retrieved 17 January 2014.
- , Freedom, Democracy, Peace; Power, Democide, and War, University of Hawaii.
- ^ "The Genocide of Romanians in Northern Bukovina". Radio Romania International. May 2, 2016. Retrieved March 14, 2021.
- ^ Igor Cașu, ""Politica națională" în Moldova sovietică", Chișinău, Ed. Cartdidact, 2000, p. 32-33
- ^ ISBN 9780719077760. Retrieved 17 January 2014.
- ^ a b Panțîru, Tudor (2009). "Situația românilor din Kazahstan" (PDF) (in Romanian). Parliament of Romania. Retrieved March 14, 2021.
- ^ "Recalling Operation North", by Vitali Kamyshev, "Русская мысль", Париж, N 4363, 26 April 2001 (in Russian)
- ^ Валерий Пасат ."Трудные страницы истории Молдовы (1940–1950)". Москва: Изд. Terra, 1994 (in Russian)
- ISBN 978-973-50-1836-8
- ^ Elena Șișcanu, Basarabia sub regimul bolșevic (1940–1952), București, Ed. Semne, 1998, p.111 (in Romanian)
Bibliography
- Victor Bârsan, Masacrul inocenților, Bucharest, 1993, pp. 18–19
- Anton Antonov-Ovseenko, "The Time of Stalin", Harper and Row (in English)
- Johann Urwich-Ferry, "Ohne Passdurch die UdSSR", Editura "Gruparea Româno-Germană de studii", München, 1976–1978 (in German) "Fără pașaport prin URSS. Amintiri", Editura Eminescu, București, 1999 (in Romanian)
- Mawdsley, Evan (1998). The Stalin Years: The Soviet Union, 1929–1953. LCCN 2003046365.