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Technically speaking, white is not a color at all, but rather the combination of all the colors of the visible light spectrum.^[1] It is sometimes described as an achromatic color, like black.

As a misnomer, however, white is the color of things that reflect light of all parts of the visible spectrum equally and are not dull (see grey).

The

spectrum: red, green and blue

, but the illumination provided by this technique has significant differences from that produced by incandescence.

In nature, the color white results when transparent fibers, particles, or droplets are in a transparent matrix of a substantially different

pigments, where the color white results when finely divided transparent material of a high refractive index is suspended in a contrasting binder. Typically paints contain calcium carbonate and/or synthetic rutile

with no other pigments if a white color is desired.

Shade

Paint

In

gray

. To art students, the use of white can present particular problems, and there is at least one training course specializing in the use of white in art. There are also speculations about the use of white and other colors.

White light

Until Newton's work became accepted, most scientists believed that white was the fundamental color of light; and that other colors were formed only by adding something to light. Newton demonstrated this was not true by passing white light through a prism, then through another prism. If the colors were added by the prism, the second prism should have added further colors to the single-colored beam. Since the single-colored beam remained a single color, Newton concluded that the prism merely separated the colors already present in the light. White light is the effect of combining the visible colors of light in equal proportions.

In the science of lighting, there is a

light bulbs. It is said that "the color temperature of such a light bulb is 2848 K". The white light used in theatre illumination has a color temperature of about 3200 K. Daylight has a nominal color temperature of 5400 K (called equal energy white), but can vary from a cool red up to a bluish 25,000 K. Not all black body radiation can be considered white light: the background radiation of the universe, to name an extreme

example, is only a few kelvins and is quite invisible.

Standard whites

Standard whites are often defined with reference to the International Commission on Illumination's (CIE's) chromaticity diagram. These are the D series of standard illuminants. Illuminant D₆₅, originally corresponding to a color temperature of 6,500 K, is taken to represent standard daylight.

Computer color temperature

RGB

coordinates of white are 255 255 255.

White in human culture

===

Computers

A

computer systems, in contrast with a black hat

, a person who abuses computer systems.

Meteorology

White is commonly the color of snow and ice.

Whiteout is a weather condition in which visibility is reduced and surface definition lost in snowy environments.

Television

In the
TV series, Power Rangers and its Japanese counterpart, Super Sentai, white is a ranger color. It is usually interchangable with pink
and the white ranger can be either male or female.

Ethnography

The term white is often used in the
Whites
.

===

sonics

White noise, in acoustics, is a sibilant sound that is often a nuisance, although it can also be deliberately created for test purposes.

Propaganda

Whitewash, figuratively, means an attempt to obscure the truth by issuing a blanket of lies. See propaganda. Also, it refers to the action of burying or shoving someone's face into the snow, as a form of bullying, or harassment(generally).

Religion

The
Roman Catholic Pope's cassock
is white.

===Cultural symbolism

In general, in the Western world, white is associated with a positive connotation. Activists and race theorists consider this association a result of Western racism. Many negative expressions with "black" have an equivalent positive expression with "white".

In ancient China, white was the symbol of West and Metal, one of the main five colors.

In Chinese and Indian tradition, white is the color of mourning, death, and ghosts. In India white also stands for Peace and Purity

Heraldry

In English heraldry, white or silver (color) signified brightness, purity, virtue, and innocence. (The American Girls Handy Book, p. 369)

British Royal Family other than the reigning sovereign
are invariably shown as white.

Romantic Love

White is the traditional color of bridal dress in both western (European) and Japanese weddings. In Western weddings, a white dress is thought to be symbolic of purity (the bride has not engaged in pre-marital sex). This is also said to be the symbolism of the veil.

Politics

White is often associated with
Civil War in Finland
.

In both the French and Russian Revolutions, white symbolized
royalism
.

[Image:White ribbon.png|right|thumb|100px|White Ribbon]]

The
popular opposition to war on Iraq
.

Military

A
truce, that is, it is a sign of peaceful intent, typically at time of war
.

To "show the white feather" is to display cowardice. In cockfighting, a white feather in the tail is considered a mark of inferior breeding. In Victorian England a purported coward would be presented with a white feather.

Government and Industry

A white paper can be an authoritative report on a major issue, as by a team of experts; a government report outlining policy; or a short treatise whose purpose is to educate industry customers. It is called white paper because it was originally bound in white.

Board Games

White is one of the two opponents in many
go, chess, and checkers
.

Literature

White could be associated with horror. The famous chapter 42 ("The Whiteness of The Whale") of Herman Melville's Moby-Dick speculates about it.

Futurism

White has also become a prominent color depicting technology and the future in the
Macintosh and the iPod
.

Animals

Butterflies of subfamily
Bath White
.

sacred
in almost all cultures.

Sports

White is the color of the usual cricket clothing, usually referred to as 'whites'. It is a result of cricket being a summer game with players being exposed to direct sunlight for prolonged periods of time.

VFL
) provide other colors to ensure the umpires aren't clashing with players uniforms for higher visibility. At lower levels, however white is still the predominant color.

White was originally the national auto racing color of Japan until international racing colors were abandoned due to sponsorship.

References

External links

All About White

^ http://www.physicsclassroom.com/Class/light/u12l2a.html#white

[1] ttp://www.physicsclassroom.com/Class/light/u12l2a.html#white

[1]

@@ Line 31: / Line 31: @@
 Standard whites are often defined with reference to the [[International Commission on Illumination]]'s (CIE's) chromaticity diagram. These are the D series of standard illuminants. Illuminant D<sub>65</sub>, originally corresponding to a color temperature of 6,500 K, is taken to represent standard daylight.
+===Computer color temperature===
-===Computers===
 [[Computer display]]s often have a color temperature control, allowing the user to select the color temperature (usually from a small set of fixed values) of the light emitted when the computer produces the electrical signal corresponding to "white". The [[RGB]] coordinates of white are 255 255 255.
+== White in human culture ==
-== Usage, symbolism, colloquial expressions ==
-In general, in the [[Western world]], white is associated with a positive connotation. Activists and race theorists consider this association a result of Western [[racism]]. Many negative expressions with "black" have an equivalent positive expression with "white". For example, [[white hat]] describes a person who is ethically opposed to the abuse of [[computer system|computer systems]], in contrast with a [[black hat]], a person who abuses computer systems. White has also many other meanings:
+===[[Computers]]
+A [[white hat]] describes a person who is ethically opposed to the abuse of [[computer system|computer systems]], in contrast with a [[black hat]], a person who abuses computer systems.
+===[[Meteorology]]===
 *White is commonly the color of [[snow]] and [[ice]].
+*[[Whiteout (weather)|Whiteout]] is a [[weather]] condition in which visibility is reduced and surface definition lost in [[snow]]y environments.
+===[[Television]]===
 *In the [[TV]] series, ''[[Power Rangers]]'' and its [[Japan]]ese counterpart, ''[[Super Sentai]]'', white is a ranger color. It is usually interchangable with [[pink]] and the white ranger can be either male or female.
+===[[Ethnography]]===
-*The term ''white'' is often used in the [[Western World|West]] to denote the race of fair-skinned [[whites|Caucasoids]] people of European descent with pale to white [[skin color]], whose skin color actually ranges from pink to pale brown. For more details, see [[Whites]].
+*The term ''white'' is often used in the [[Western World|West]] to denote the race of fair-skinned [[whites|Caucasoids]] people of European descent with pale to white [[skin color]], whose skin color actually ranges from pink to pale brown. It has suggested that the colors [[beige]] or [[Peach (color)|peach are a more accurate representation of the color of most Caucasians. For more details, see [[Whites]].
+===[[Sound engineering|sonics]]
 *[[White noise]], in [[acoustics]], is a sibilant sound that is often a nuisance, although it can also be deliberately created for test purposes.
+===[[Propaganda]]===
 *[[Whitewash]], figuratively, means an attempt to obscure the truth by issuing a blanket of lies. See [[propaganda]]. Also, it refers to the action of burying or shoving someone's face into the snow, as a form of [[bullying]], or [[harassment]](generally).
-*[[Whiteout (weather)|Whiteout]] is a [[weather]] condition in which visibility is reduced and surface definition lost in [[snow]]y environments.
-* In [[China|Chinese]] and [[India]]n tradition, white is the color of [[mourning]], [[death]], and [[ghost]]s. In India white also stands for [[Peace]] and [[Purity]]
+===[[Religion]]===
 * The [[Roman Catholic Church|Roman Catholic]] [[Pope]]'s [[cassock]] is white.
+===[[Culture|Cultural symbolism]]
-* In ancient China, white was the symbol of West and Metal, one of the main five colors.
+* In general, in the [[Western world]], white is associated with a positive connotation. Activists and race theorists consider this association a result of Western [[racism]]. Many negative expressions with "black" have an equivalent positive expression with "white".
+* In ancient China, white was the symbol of West and Metal, one of the main five colors.
+* In [[China|Chinese]] and [[India]]n tradition, white is the color of [[mourning]], [[death]], and [[ghost]]s. In India white also stands for [[Peace]] and [[Purity]]
+===[[Heraldry]]===
 *In English [[heraldry]], white or [[silver (color)]] signified brightness, purity, virtue, and innocence. (The American Girls Handy Book, p. 369)
+*[[Arthur Charles Fox-Davies]] has argued that white can be considered a [[tincture (heraldry)|tincture]] in [[heraldry]] separate from its use to represent [[argent]], and in fact the labels borne on the arms, crests and supporters of members of the [[British Royal Family]] other than the reigning [[List of British monarchs|sovereign]] are invariably shown as white.
+===[[Romantic Love]]===
 *White is the traditional color of [[bride|bridal]] dress in both western (European) and [[Japan]]ese [[wedding]]s. In Western weddings, a white dress is thought to be symbolic of purity (the bride has not engaged in pre-marital sex). This is also said to be the symbolism of the veil.
+===[[Politics]]===
-*White is often associated with [[Conservatism]] (as opposed to [[Communism]]), particularly in the years following [[World War I]], with [[civil war]]s fought between "Reds" and "Whites", for instance the [[Russian Civil War|Civil War in Russia]] and the [[Civil War in Finland]].
+*White is often associated with [[Conservatism]] (as opposed to [[Communism]]), particularly in the years following [[World War I]], with [[civil war]]s fought between "Reds" and "Whites", for instance the [[Russian Civil War|Civil War in Russia]] and the [[Civil War in Finland]].
-*A [[white flag]] is an international sign of either [[surrender (military)|surrender]], or [[truce]], that is, it is a sign of [[peace|peaceful]] intent, typically at time of [[war]].
+* In both the French and Russian Revolutions, white symbolized [[monarchist|royalism]].
-*A [[white paper]] can be an authoritative report on a major issue, as by a team of experts; a government report outlining policy; or a short treatise whose purpose is to educate industry customers. It is called '''white''' paper because it was originally bound in white.
+[Image:White ribbon.png|right|thumb|100px|White Ribbon]]
+*The [[white ribbon]] is worn by movements denouncing [[violence]] against [[woman|women]]. It is also worn by some [[feminists]] and was a symbol for [[peace]] in [[Quebec]], in the beginning of [[2003]], as part of the [[popular opposition to war on Iraq]].
+===[[Military]]===
+*A [[white flag]] is an international sign of either [[surrender (military)|surrender]], or [[truce]], that is, it is a sign of [[peace|peaceful]] intent, typically at time of [[war]].
-[[Image:White ribbon.png|right|thumb|100px|White Ribbon]]
-*The [[white ribbon]] is worn by movements denouncing [[violence]] against [[woman|women]]. It is also worn by some [[feminists]] and was a symbol for [[peace]] in [[Quebec]], in the beginning of [[2003]], as part of the [[popular opposition to war on Iraq]].
 *To "show the [[white feather]]" is to display cowardice. In [[Cockfight|cockfighting]], a white feather in the tail is considered a mark of inferior breeding. In [[Victorian era|Victorian England]] a purported coward would be presented with a white feather.
+===[[Government]] and [[Industry]]===
-*White is also one of the two opponents in many [[board game]]s of [[abstract strategy]], such as [[Go (board game)|go]], [[chess]], and [[checkers]].
+*A [[white paper]] can be an authoritative report on a major issue, as by a team of experts; a government report outlining policy; or a short treatise whose purpose is to educate industry customers. It is called '''white''' paper because it was originally bound in white.
-* In both the French and Russian Revolutions, white symbolized [[monarchist|royalism]]. [[Arthur Charles Fox-Davies]] has argued that white can be considered a [[tincture (heraldry)|tincture]] in [[heraldry]] separate from its use to represent [[argent]], and in fact the labels borne on the arms, crests and supporters of members of the [[British Royal Family]] other than the reigning [[List of British monarchs|sovereign]] are invariably shown as white.  The color is also used extensively by the [[Roman Catholic Church|Roman Catholic]] [[Pope]].
+===[[Board Games]]===
+*White is one of the two opponents in many [[board game]]s of [[abstract strategy]], such as [[Go (board game)|go]], [[chess]], and [[checkers]].
+===[[Literature]]===
 *White could be associated with horror. The famous chapter 42 ([http://www.americanliterature.com/MD/MD42.HTML "The Whiteness of The Whale"]) of [[Herman Melville|Herman Melville's]] [[Moby-Dick]] speculates about it.
+===[[Futurism]]===
 *White has also become a prominent color depicting technology and the future in the [[21st Century]], most likely resulting from the heavy influence and increasingly widespread appeal of [[Apple Computer]]'s products such as the [[Apple Macintosh|Macintosh]] and the [[iPod]].
+===[[Animal]]s===
 *Butterflies of subfamily [[Pierinae]] of family [[Pieridae]] are commonly referred to as Whites, and the term forms part of many of the butterflies of this group, for example, [[Bath White]].
+*[[Albino]] animals are considered [[sacred]] in almost all cultures.
+===[[Sports]]===
 *White is the color of the usual [[cricket]] clothing, usually referred to as 'whites'. It is a result of cricket being a summer game with players being exposed to direct sunlight for prolonged periods of time.

v t e Web colors
Hexadecimal
White Gray/Grey Red Yellow Lime Aqua/Cyan Blue Fuchsia/Magenta Silver Black Maroon Olive Green Teal Navy blue Purple
Category