Spotted puffbird
Spotted puffbird | |
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Spotted puffbird at Amazonas state, Brazil
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Scientific classification | |
Domain: | Eukaryota |
Kingdom: | Animalia |
Phylum: | Chordata |
Class: | Aves |
Order: | Piciformes |
Family: | Bucconidae |
Genus: | Bucco |
Species: | B. tamatia
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Binomial name | |
Bucco tamatia Gmelin, JF, 1788
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Synonyms | |
Nystactes tamatia |
The spotted puffbird (Bucco tamatia) is a species of
Taxonomy
The spotted puffbird was described in 1648 by the German naturalist Georg Marcgrave in his Historia Naturalis Brasiliae. In his Latin text Marcgrave used the name Tamatia Brasiliensibus where tamatia was the local name for the bird in the Tupi language.[4] Later ornithologists such as Francis Willughby in 1678 and John Ray in 1713 based their own description on that by Marcgrave.[5][6] In 1780 the French polymath Comte de Buffon described and illustrated Le Tamatia from a specimen that had been collected in Cayenne, French Guiana.[7][8] When the German naturalist Johann Friedrich Gmelin revised and expanded Carl Linnaeus's Systema Naturae in 1788 he included the spotted puffbird and cited the works by the earlier ornithologists. He placed the species with the other puffbirds in the genus Bucco and coined the binomial name Bucco tamatia.[9]
The spotted puffbird has sometimes been placed in the genus Nystactes.[10] It is closely related to the sooty-capped puffbird (B. noanamae).[11]
Three subspecies are recognised:[12]
- B. t. pulmentum Sclater, PL, 1856 – south Colombia to northeast Bolivia
- B. t. tamatia Gmelin, JF, 1788 – east Colombia, Venezuela, the Guianas and north Brazil
- B. t. hypnaleus (Cabanis & Heine, 1863) – central east Brazil
Description
The spotted puffbird is about 18 cm (7.1 in) long and weighs 33 to 42 g (1.2 to 1.5 oz). The
The spotted puffbird's song is "a series of 10–20 soft, whistled 'chyoi' or 'puwéep' notes (c. 2 per second), weak and hesitant at first, then a few at lower pitch and slower, ending with c. 4 inflected 'pchooii, pchooii, pchooii, peejowee' whistles". It is usually sung at dawn and sometimes sung as a duet. It also makes "faint wheezy whistles" in a dispute.[11]
Distribution and habitat
The nominate subspecies of spotted puffbird is found from eastern Colombia east through Venezuela and
Behavior
Feeding
The spotted puffbird usually forages from a low perch, sallying out to pluck prey from foliage or bark. It sometimes follows army ant swarms. Its diet includes many types of insects, other invertebrates such as spiders and scorpions, small lizards, and mistletoe berries.[11]
Breeding
The spotted puffbird's breeding season varies in different parts of its range, but in general is between March and September. It lays its clutch of two eggs in a chamber excavated in arboreal
Status
The
References
- ^ a b BirdLife International (2016). "Spotted Puffbird Nystactes tamatia". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016. Retrieved 31 October 2021.
- ^ Gill, F.; Donsker, D.; Rasmussen, P. (July 2021). "IOC World Bird List (v 11.2)". Retrieved July 14, 2021.
- ^ Remsen, J. V., Jr., J. I. Areta, E. Bonaccorso, S. Claramunt, A. Jaramillo, D. F. Lane, J. F. Pacheco, M. B. Robbins, F. G. Stiles, and K. J. Zimmer. Version 24 August 2021. Species Lists of Birds for South American Countries and Territories. https://www.museum.lsu.edu/~Remsen/SACCCountryLists.htm retrieved August 24, 2021
- ^ Marcgrave, Georg (1648). Historia Naturalis Brasiliae: Liber Quintus: Qui agit de Avibus (in Latin). Lugdun and Batavorum (London and Leiden): Franciscum Hackium and Elzevirium. p. 208.
- ^ Willughby, Francis (1678). Ray, John (ed.). The Ornithology of Francis Willughby of Middleton in the County of Warwick. London: John Martyn. p. 190.
- ^ Ray, John (1713). Synopsis methodica avium & piscium (in Latin). London: William Innys. p. 65.
- ^ Buffon, Georges-Louis Leclerc de (1780). "Le Tamatia". Histoire Naturelle des Oiseaux (in French). Vol. 7. Paris: De l'Imprimerie Royale. pp. 94–96, Plate 4.
- Daubenton, Louis-Jean-Marie (1765–1783). "Barbu à ventre tacheté, de Cayenne". Planches Enluminées D'Histoire Naturelle. Vol. 8. Paris: De L'Imprimerie Royale. Plate 746.
- ^ Gmelin, Johann Friedrich (1788). Systema naturae per regna tria naturae : secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis (in Latin). Vol. 1, Part 1 (13th ed.). Lipsiae [Leipzig]: Georg. Emanuel. Beer. p. 405.
- ISBN 978-84-87334-37-5.
- ^ .
- Rasmussen, Pamela, eds. (January 2023). "Jacamars, puffbirds, barbets, toucans, honeyguides". IOC World Bird List Version 13.1. International Ornithologists' Union. Retrieved 14 February 2023.