Tamil United Liberation Front
Tamil United Liberation Front தமிழர் ஐக்கிய விடுதலை முன்னணி ද්රවිඩ එක්සත් විමුක්ති පෙරමුණ | |
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Tamil nationalism | |
| Election symbol | |
Rising Sun | |
| Website | |
| tulf | |
The Tamil United Liberation Front (Tamil: தமிழர் ஐக்கிய விடுதலை முன்னணி, romanized: Tamil Onrupattatu Viduthulai Munnai, Sinhala: ද්රවිඩ එක්සත් විමුක්ති පෙරමුණ, romanized: Dravida Eksath Vimukthi Peramuna) is a political party in Sri Lanka.
Formation
On 4 May 1972, several Tamil political groups, including the Federal Party (ITAK), Ceylon Workers Congress, and All Ceylon Tamil Congress formed the Tamil United Front (TUF) under the joint leadership of S.J.V. Selvanayagam, S. Thondaman, and G.G. Ponnambalam. The TUF changed its name to Tamil United Liberation Front (TULF) and adopted the demand for an independent state to be known as the "secular, socialist state of Tamil Eelam". The CWC declined to extend its support to the newly formed TULF.
1977 Parliamentary General Election
In the first general election contested by the TULF, the
Votes and seats won by the TULF by electoral district
| Electoral District | Votes | % | Seats | Turnout | TULF MP |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Batticaloa
|
26,648 | 24.70% | 1 | 71.15% | Chelliah Rajadurai |
Chavakachcheri
|
20,028 | 63.27% | 1 | 85.65% | V. N. Navaratnam |
Jaffna
|
16,251 | 56.62% | 1 | 82.32% | V. Yogeswaran |
| Kalkudah | 12,595 | 43.07% | 0 | 86.02% | |
| Kalmunai | 7,093 | 27.38% | 0 | 89.86% | |
| Kankesanthurai | 31,155 | 85.41% | 1 | 83.08% | A. Amirthalingam |
| Kayts | 17,640 | 64.05% | 1 | 75.72% | K. P. Ratnam |
| Kilinochchi | 15,607 | 73.42% | 1 | 79.71% | V. Anandasangaree |
| Kopay | 25,840 | 77.20% | 1 | 80.03% | S. Kathiravelupillai |
Manipay
|
27,550 | 83.99% | 1 | 79.28% | V. Dharmalingam |
| Mannar | 15,141 | 51.58% | 1 | 92.40% | P. S. Soosaithasan |
| Mullaitivu | 10,261 | 52.36% | 1 | 79.34% | X. M. Sellathambu |
| Mutur | 7,520 | 27.00% | 0 | 91.65% | |
| Nallur | 29,858 | 89.42% | 1 | 83.05% | M. Sivasithamparam |
| Paddirippu | 15,877 | 49.17% | 1 | 89.92% | P. Ganeshalingam |
| Point Pedro | 12,989 | 55.91% | 1 | 81.66% | K. Thurairatnam |
| Pottuvil | 23,990 | 26.97% | 1 | 179.02% | M. Kanagaratnam |
| Puttalam | 3,268 | 10.52% | 0 | 83.58% | |
Sammanthurai
|
8,615 | 34.65% | 0 | 91.04% | |
Trincomalee
|
15,144 | 51.76% | 1 | 81.78% | R. Sampanthan |
| Udupiddy | 18,768 | 63.44% | 1 | 80.05% | T. Rasalingam |
| Vaddukoddai | 23,384 | 70.18% | 1 | 81.90% | T. Thirunavukarasu |
| Vavuniya | 13,821 | 59.02% | 1 | 82.31% | T. Sivasithamparam |
| Total | 399,043 | 6.40% | 18 | ||
| Source:[1] | |||||
The TULF became the official opposition as a result of the rout of the
mobs.Throughout the 1970s and early 1980s, the TULF was frequently blamed by nationalist
In October 1983, all the TULF legislators, numbering sixteen at the time, forfeited their seats in Parliament for refusing to swear an oath unconditionally renouncing support for a separate state in accordance with the Sixth Amendment to the Constitution of Sri Lanka.
During the 1980s, the LTTE began to see the TULF as a rival in its desire to be considered the sole representative of the Tamils of the north and east. Over the next two decades, the LTTE assassinated several TULF leaders, including
1989 Parliamentary General Election
The TULF formed an alliance with the three Indian-backed
Votes and seats won by the TULF / ENDLF / EPRLF / TULF alliance by electoral district
Electoral
District |
Votes | % | Seats | Turnout | TULF / ENDLF / EPRLF / TELO MPs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ampara | 43,424 | 20.32% | 1 | 80.41% | Jeyaratnam Thiviya Nadan (EPRLF) |
| Batticaloa | 55,131 | 35.49% | 3 | 71.74% | Prince Gunarasa Casinader (EPRLF) G. Karunakaran (TELO) Thambimuthu Samuel Pennington Thevarasa (EPRLF), murdered 11 May 1990 Joseph Pararajasingham (TULF), from 1990 (replaces Sam Thambimuthu (EPRLF)) |
| Jaffna | 60,013 | 25.02% | 3 | 40.50% | Kandiah Navaratnam (EPRLF) Suresh Premachandran (EPRLF) Ganeshankari Yogasangari (EPRLF), murdered 19 June 1990 |
| Vanni | 17,271 | 39.99% | 2 | 30.53% | Raja Kuhaneswaran (TELO) Anthony Emmanuel Silva (EPRLF) |
| National List | 1 | A. Amirthalingam (TULF), murdered 13 July 1989 Mavai Senathirajah (replaces A. Amirthalingam) | |||
| Total | 188,593 | 3.40% | 10 | 63.6% | |
| Sources:[2][3] | |||||
1994 Parliamentary General Election
In the
Votes and seats won by the TULF by electoral district
Electoral
District |
Votes | % | Seats | Turnout | TULF MPs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Batticaloa | 76,516 | 43.95% | 3 | 66.47% | Joseph Pararajasingham P. Selvarasa K. Thurairajasingam |
| Trincomalee | 28,380 | 23.66% | 1 | 65.15% | A. Thangathurai |
| National List | 1 | Dr. Neelan Tiruchelvam, murdered 29 July 1999 Mavai Senathirajah, from August 1999 (replaces Dr. Neelan Tiruchelvam) | |||
| Total | 132,461 | 1.60% | 5 | 76.23% | |
| Sources:[4][5] | |||||
2000 Parliamentary General Election
In the
Votes and seats won by the TULF by electoral district
Electoral
District |
Votes | % | Seats | Turnout | TULF MPs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Batticaloa | 54,448 | 29.20% | 2 | 71.74% | Joseph Pararajasingham Nimalan Soundaranayagam |
| Jaffna | 32,852 | 27.59% | 3 | 21.32% | V. Anandasangaree Mavai Senathirajah S. Sivamaharajah |
| Trincomalee | 14,090 | 10.58% | 0 | 68.52% | |
| Vanni | 4,643 | 5.58% | 0 | 42.13% | |
| National List | 0 | ||||
| Total | 106,033 | 1.23% | 5 | 75.62% | |
| Sources:[6][7][8] | |||||
2001 Parliamentary General Election
In the first parliamentary election contested by the
Votes and seats won by TNA by electoral district
Electoral District |
Votes | % | Seats | Turnout | TNA MPs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ampara | 48,789 | 17.41% | 1 | 82.51% | A. Chandranehru (TULF) |
| Batticaloa | 86,284 | 48.17% | 3 | 68.20% | G. Krishnapillai (ACTC) Joseph Pararajasingham (TULF) Thambiraja Thangavadivel (TELO) |
| Colombo | 12,696 | 1.20% | 0 | 76.31% | |
| Jaffna | 102,324 | 54.84% | 6 | 31.14% | V. Anandasangaree (TULF) Gajendrakumar Ponnambalam (ACTC) Nadarajah Raviraj (TULF) Mavai Senathirajah (TULF) M. K. Shivajilingam (TELO) A. Vinayagamoorthy (ACTC) |
| Trincomalee | 56,121 | 34.83% | 1 | 79.88% | R. Sampanthan (TULF) |
| Vanni | 41,950 | 44.39% | 3 | 46.77% | Selvam Adaikalanathan (TELO) Sivasakthy Ananthan (EPRLF) Irasa Kuhaneswaran (TELO) |
| National List | 1 | M. Sivasithamparam (TULF), died 5 June 2002 K. Thurairetnasingam (TULF) (replaces M. Sivasithamparam) | |||
| Total | 348,164 | 3.88% | 15 | 76.03% | |
| Source:"Parliamentary General Election 2001, Final District Results". Department of Elections, Sri Lanka. | |||||
Split
TULF President
2004 Parliamentary General Election
The legal battle over the control of the TULF meant that the party, led by V. Anandasangaree, contested as an
Votes and seats won by the TULF by electoral district
Electoral District |
Votes | % | Seats | Turnout | TULF MPs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jaffna | 5,156 | 1.82% | 0 | 47.38% | |
| Total | 5,156 | 0.06% | 0 | 75.96% | |
| Source:"Parliamentary General Election 2004, Final District Results". Department of Elections, Sri Lanka. Archived from the original on 7 January 2009. | |||||
2010 Parliamentary General Election
In the
Votes and seats won by the TULF by electoral district
Electoral District |
Votes | % | Seats | Turnout | TULF MPs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Batticaloa | 4,424 | 2.45% | 0 | 58.56% | |
| Colombo | 834 | 0.09% | 0 | 65.03% | |
| Jaffna | 2,892 | 1.95% | 0 | 23.33% | |
| Vanni | 1,073 | 1.00% | 0 | 43.89% | |
| Total | 9,223 | 0.11% | 0 | 61.26% | |
| Source:"Parliamentary General Election – 2010". Department of Elections, Sri Lanka. Archived from the original on 14 April 2010. | |||||
References
- ^ "Result of Parliamentary General Election 1977" (PDF). Department of Elections, Sri Lanka.
- ^ "Result of Parliamentary General Election 1989" (PDF). Department of Elections, Sri Lanka. Archived from the original (PDF) on 4 March 2009.
- ^ D. B. S. Jeyaraj (1 January 2006). "The benign parliamentarian from Batticaloa". TransCurrents. Archived from the original on 10 November 2009.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link) - ^ "Result of Parliamentary General Election 1994" (PDF). Department of Elections, Sri Lanka. Archived from the original (PDF) on 6 October 2010.
- ^ "Senathirajah - new TULF MP". The Island, Sri Lanka. 15 August 1999. Archived from the original on 1 October 2008.
- ^ "Parliamentary General Election 10.10.2000, Final District Results". Department of Elections, Sri Lanka. Archived from the original on 5 August 2012.
- ^ "EPDP gets four seats in Jaffna". TamilNet. 11 October 2000.
- ^ "Pararajasingham elected on final count". TamilNet. 11 October 2000.
External links
- Official website
- "Separatist movement in Sri Lanka spearheaded by TULF takes a serious turn". India Today. 31 August 1979.
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