Tenacious D is an American comedy rock duo formed in Los Angeles in 1994 by the actors Jack Black and Kyle Gass. Their music showcases Black's theatrical vocal delivery and Gass' acoustic guitar playing.[1] Critics have described their fusion of vulgar absurdist comedy with rock music as "mock rock".[2][3] Their songs discuss the duo's purported musical and sexual prowess, their friendship and cannabis usage, in a style critics have compared with the storyteller-style lyrics of rock opera.[4][5]
Jack Black and Kyle Gass met in Los Angeles in 1986 as members of
Edinburgh Fringe Festival in 1989 to perform Tim Robbins' and Adam Simon's[17] play Carnage.[18][19] The two became friends during the trip and climbed Arthur's Seat on a day off.[20] Following the trip, Black and Gass bonded over music. Black did not learn guitar until he was around 23. He would regularly visit Gass's apartment on Cochran Avenue; Gass would teach Black to play guitar in return for food.[21][22] They worked together professionally at the Actor's Gang and collaborated in productions.[23]
Black and Gass eventually wrote their first song after Black was dumped by a girlfriend, a non-comedic song. They later said they felt embarrassed about the song, though they occasionally sing it during interviews when telling their story.[24] Their second song came about when Black was listening to the Metallica song "One" and told Gass that it was "the best song in the world". Gass told Black that they could not write the best song in the world, but Black put a twist on it and said they could "write a tribute". Gass played an A-minor chord on his guitar at the apartment and the two spent three days crafting the song. When it was done, Gass said they "knew they had something". The song made the duo realize their comedic potential.[25] The duo briefly called themselves Responsive Chord while rehearsing the comedy act.[26]
Rise to popularity
The band's first on-stage appearance was at Highland Grounds in Los Angeles, a coffee shop, where they performed as The Axe Lords Featuring Gorgazon's Mischief, though the production was technically part of a variety event for the Actor's Gang.[20] In the audience was the actor and comedian Harry Shearer.[27]
The band's first performance at an actual music event was a short appearance at Al's Bar in the summer of 1994, opening for The Abe Lincoln Story.
Mr. Show. Black was cast on Mr. Show in 1995.[2][31]
Tenacious D continued to generate momentum on the Los Angeles music scene, notably performing headline shows at Al's Bar, Pedro's, Largo and The Actors' Gang studio. Maynard James Keenan, lead vocalist of the band Tool, had also met Cross on the Los Angeles scene, and therefore had also become involved in Mr. Show. Keenan invited Black and Gass to support three Californian Tool concerts in December 1995.[32][33] Tool was the first large act that Tenacious D were a support act for. Black had previously attended UCLA with director Jason Bloom; therefore, when Bloom was made the director of 1996's Bio-Dome, Black and Gass were invited to perform a short song in the film. The two wrote the song "5 Needs", and this was their first on-screen appearance as Tenacious D.[34]
In 1997, Tenacious D had become a popular act on the Los Angeles music scene and would perform residencies at The Viper Room.[35]Pete Stahl, the vocalist of the band Scream, worked at The Viper Room at the time and became a fan of Black and Gass. Stahl invited friend Dave Grohl to come and visit The Viper Room to see Tenacious D, though Grohl initially did not want to go. Grohl changed his stance and went to see the band perform a couple of weeks later and thoroughly enjoyed it. This would start a relationship between Grohl, Black and Gass.[36]
Tenacious D recorded their songs "Tribute", "Kyle Quit the Band", "Krishna" and "History" and released them in a demo tape called Tenacious Demo in the late 1990s with Andrew Gross. They distributed it to various record companies until HBO offered them a TV show based on the tape and Black's work on Mr. Show.[37]
HBO in 1997, immediately following an episode of Mr. Show.[39] While a total of three episodes consisting of two shorts each, ten to twelve minutes in length,[40] were produced, only the first was aired that year; the final two episodes did not air until the summer of 2000.[39] According to Gass, the series was cancelled after HBO requested ten episodes with the stipulation that he and Black would have to relinquish their role as executive producers,[41] and only write songs.[42]
After the series aired, the band continued to perform live. At a show at the
Viper Room in Los Angeles, they met Dave Grohl, who remarked that he was impressed with their performance;[43][44] this led to their cameo in the Foo Fighters' "Learn to Fly" music video.[44] They began to open for high-profile acts including Beck, Pearl Jam and Foo Fighters.[2]
In May 2000, Tenacious D signed to Epic Records.[38] As Black's profile increased due to his roles in films such as High Fidelity, the band recorded their first album, Tenacious D, with the producers the Dust Brothers.[2] It was backed by a full band, consisting of Grohl on drums and guitar, keyboardist Page McConnell of Phish, guitarist Warren Fitzgerald of The Vandals, and bassist Steven Shane McDonald of Redd Kross.[45] According to Black, they chose to use a band because "no one's ever heard us with a band".[45] The majority of songs on the album were performed previously on their short-lived television series.[46]
certified platinum in the US.[49]Entertainment Weekly described it "hilarious", and "no mere comedy record".[50]AllMusic wrote that it "rocks so damn hard", but lamented the absence of some of the songs from the television show.[51]Flak Magazine criticised the skits between songs, describing them as "distracting" and a "nuisance".[52]The Independent found the album was full of "swearing and scatology" and was "bereft of even the slightest skidmark of humor".[53]
The album also included "Dio", a song written as a tribute to rock singer
The Complete Masterworks, a music DVD featuring the entire run of their TV series, music videos, and a live performance from London's Brixton Academy recorded in 2002, was released on November 9, 2003.[60]
Tenacious D in The Pick of Destiny and the album (2003–2007)
Black and Gass had dreamt of producing a Tenacious D motion-picture since forming the band; archived footage of banter at an early Tenacious D show records Black as saying "a movie - that would be the pinnacle".[61]
The duo conceptualized numerous ideas for a film, though the first actual known draft of a script was published on November 7, 2000. The script was based on many songs that would later be released on the duo's eponymous debut album that would be released the following year. There is little known about the script, other than it being based around the band playing coffee shops and Black becoming fascinated by Atlantis. Black and Gass both fall in love with a girl called Simmeon who has written books about the fictional island. They later meet Ronnie James Dio, and are sent on a road trip to Miami. This concept was later scrapped.[62][63]
At some point prior to 2003, the band were in negotiations with the British studio Working Title Films to write and distribute a Tenacious D film, but Black and Gass were not satisfied with the writers' ideas.[30][64][65] In February 2003, it was announced that the band had signed with New Line Cinema to create a film, with Liam Lynch as the director, and Black, Gass and Lynch writing the script and being producers on the production. There was also speculation that Red Hour Productions would produce the film, which was later confirmed.[66] Later in 2003, Black announced the title as Tenacious D in: The Pick of Destiny and that the script was about the band's search for a sacred guitar pick.[67] Filming had been expected to take place by the end of 2003;[68] however, it was delayed by almost a year due to Black being cast in Peter Jackson's big budget remake of King Kong.[69] In December 2004, Black and Gass performed some songs from the upcoming soundtrack of the film whilst touring Australia, and announced that the film would include cameos from Meat Loaf and Ronnie James Dio.[70]
Principal photography for Tenacious D in The Pick of Destiny commenced in the spring of 2005, with the production finishing later that summer.[71] The film held its first test screening to the press in October 2005.[72] The film held two re-shoots in the summer of 2006 and according to Lynch, every crew member from the principal photography came back because they "had such a fun time working on set".[73] Black also stated that the filming on this production was "the most fun I've ever had filming a movie".[74]
"A lot of enthusiastic stoners were like, 'Yeah, du-u-u-de! Just saw it!' I was like, 'Where were you when the movie came out?' 'Sorry, dude, I was hi-i-i-gh!'"
— Jack Black on The Pick of Destiny's disappointing box-office performance.[75]
The film held its British premiere on November 1, 2006, at the
John King (of The Dust Brothers) producing it.[citation needed] It was released on November 14, 2006, through Epic Records.[77]
The film was released worldwide on November 22. Tenacious D in the Pick of Destiny grossed US$8,334,575 in the US and Canada and a total of US$13,426,450 worldwide, falling well short of its US$20 million production budget and US$40 million in estimated marketing costs.[30][78] Financially, it is regarded as a box-office bomb.[79] The soundtrack reached No. 8 on the Billboard 200 in the US as well as topping the iTunes chart,[58][80] and #10 in the UK.[81] The film was released globally on DVD on February 27, 2007. In an interview on the Daily Show on November 30, 2006, Black admitted the film had "bombed",[82] but [when?] said that DVD sales had shown that the film picked up a cult audience.[75]
Kevin Crust of the Los Angeles Times said that the film "might best be enjoyed in an enhanced state of consciousness, a herbal supplement, and we aren't talking ginkgo biloba."[83] Stephen Rae of The Philadelphia Inquirer said that the frequent drug-use in the film gives "the term potty humor a new meaning."[84] Michael Phillips criticized the frequency of the drug-use by saying: "This may be the problem. Pot rarely helped anybody's comic timing."[85] Stephen Holden of The New York Times suggested that the film could be viewed as a "jolly rock 'n' roll comedy", but he also described the progression of the film as being a "garish mess."[86]
The soundtrack received less favourable reviews than for the band's first album.
Rolling Stone comments that the soundtrack "never quite takes off".[87] It criticises the reliance the album makes on a knowledge of the film, and some songs' existence only to "advance the plot".[87] It summarizes by saying the album is inferior to the band's previous effort.[87] Allmusic also describes the follow-up as less "satisfying" than Tenacious D, noting that the songs feel like "narrative filler".[88]Blender continues the criticism of the songs being plot devices calling them "plot-nudging song-sketches".[89]The Guardian views the album more positively, describing the album as a meeting of "old school riffology" and "schoolboy humour".[90]
Black, Gass, Konesky, Spiker, and Wackerman
To coincide with the release of their new film and album, Tenacious D embarked on The Pick of Destiny Tour, of the US, Canada, UK, Australia, and New Zealand. This tour included the band's first appearance at New York City's Madison Square Garden. Unlike other tours, this one featured a full backing band.[91] Konesky and Spiker resumed their roles from the album, and Brooks Wackerman was added as drummer.[92] Each member used a pseudonym; Konesky as the Antichrist, Spiker as Charlie Chaplin, and Wackerman as Colonel Sanders.[93]JR Reed also toured as Satan, as well as reprising his role as "Lee".[93] Black has said that the band lost money on the tour due to the cost of touring with a full band for the first time.[64][91][94]
In November 2006, Black expressed wishes to take a year-long break from acting, though Gass hinted a desire for Tenacious D to end at their current highpoint.
tour Tenacious D made in support of the film and soundtrack and the consequences of their film's poor showing at the box office.[100] Kyle has commented that the new album only has "one to one and a half" songs written for it, and would like to write between twelve and fifteen.[101]
Music magazine Billboard quoted Black as revealing that "We just laid down a hot [...] we're calling it the bomb track. It's a very powerful recording called "Deth Starr" [...] so it has nothing to do with the Star Wars [Death Star]," adding that "It's kind of sci-fi, doomsday rock."[102] Jack Black also stated on the Late Show with David Letterman that he had an idea for a song called "Rize of the Fenix", which he described as a "rise from the ashes" workout song similar to "Eye of the Tiger". He performed a vocal sample of the song along with keyboards.[103]
Gass hinted that the band's third album might be called Tenacious D 3-D, reasoning that "It's the third record, so it should probably be 'Tenacious 3-D.' There's going to be a '3' and a 'D,' so you have to connect them."[104] Dave Grohl has confirmed that he will appear as the drummer on the album, after performing on both Tenacious D and The Pick of Destiny.[105] In an interview with Spinner.com in December 2010, Black revealed that the band was "about halfway through the writing process" for its new album, telling fans to expect the release of new material "at the end of 2011".[106] In terms of lyrical themes for the new songs, Black noted that "We're gonna be talking about love, there are gonna be some songs about sex and there's gonna be songs about food".[106]
In a May 2011 interview at
Attack of the Show, Black announced that three songs on their upcoming album would be named "Rize of the Fenix", distinguishable by either letter or number.[107] Also in the same interview, he named another song called "Señorita".[108][109] In February 2012 it was revealed that the title of the album would in fact be spelled Rize of the Fenix and would be released on May 15, 2012.[110]
On March 26, 2012, a 6-minute film was uploaded to the Tenacious D channel on YouTube. The mockumentary, titled 'Tenacious D - To Be the Best', documents the uncertain future Tenacious D faced after the box-office failure of The Pick of Destiny, KG's subsequent breakdown and incarceration in "an institution", and Jack's embracing of an indulgent Hollywood lifestyle. The film shows a deranged Kyle escaping the facility and attempting to kill Jack and then himself, before they each realize their importance to each other and revive the band. They produce a new album in 75 minutes in the studio, described as "awful", but try again and emerge with another new album, described at the end of the film as "the greatest album recorded by anyone, ever". The film features numerous cameo appearances, including
The band released the album on April 28, 2012, in its entirety on their SoundCloud account. Rize of the Fenix was officially released on May 15, 2012, with mostly positive reviews from music critics.[112]
In June 2012, when asked about a sequel to Tenacious D in The Pick of Destiny, Black stated that the band had "found a loophole with the internet and animated shorts. That’s the world we’re looking to dive into, and not just for money, mainly for art."[113] The band would mention later on in that year that they may make an Internet series "exclusive to YouTube."[114] The project was a fantasy for Black and Gass for a few years, until the Donald Trump presidential campaign inspired them to write a post-apocalyptic comedy in 2016.[115]
In 2018, before performing at Hell & Heaven Metal Fest in Mexico City, the band entered the stage to a short studio snippet of their new song "Post-Apocalypto Theme". The night after this, Black asked the audience at Shaky Knees Music Festival in Atlanta, Georgia whether they had seen The Pick of Destiny and that "part 2 is coming out in October". He went to state that "I don't know where you will be able to see it, but we have decided it's happening and it's coming out. Rocktober".[116]Tenacious D in Post-Apocalypto was released as six individual episodes on YouTube uploaded from September 28 to November 2, with Columbia Records releasing Post-Apocalypto on the last day.[117]
At a live screening of the series at Alamo Drafthouse Cinema in New York, Black stated that the two would attempt to speed up their album cycle, jokingly commenting about the duo's age if the current speed continues and their record obligation with Sony. Black stated that the fifth album will take time, and "most likely be released [sometime] after 2020".[118]
On November 29, 2019, for Record Store Day'sBlack Friday, Tenacious D released a 'Blue Series' 7" Single, featuring the track "Don't Blow It, Kage". The record was produced by Jack White.[119] On October 27, 2020, Tenacious D released a cover of 'Time Warp', available to stream online and also released on 7" vinyl. The song included a music video featuring a string of celebrity guests. The single was used to promote Rock the Vote, which encourages Americans to vote in the 2020 Presidential Election. All proceeds from the vinyl sales of the song were donated to Rock the Vote.[120]
On July 1, 2021, Tenacious D released a tribute to
Doctors Without Borders.[121] In an interview with Variety published in September 2021, Black stated that the band was working on their next album, claiming it is "a very big idea that we've been working on for years". Black predicted the album will be released in 2024.[122] On December 7, 2021, Tenacious D announced a Summer 2022 tour of the United States. This tour was a belated 20th anniversary celebration of their debut album.[123] In March 2022, the tour was extended into the fall.[124]
Spicy Meatball Tour, Trump comment and hiatus (2023–2024)
On May 6, 2023, the duo began the Spicy Meatball Tour by debuting a new song, "Video Games", at Shaky Knees Music Festival.[125] "Video Games" premiered online on May 11, via a 3D animated music video directed by Adam Paloian and his production company Pinreel Inc., which was the band's first new music video since 2012.[126] In early June, it was announced that the tour would continue in the fall, starting with a show in Charlotte, North Carolina.[127] In February 2024, the band announced their first tour of Australia and New Zealand in eleven years, to be held in July 2024.[128] Later in June, the band announced a tour called 'Rock D Vote' performing in five swing states ahead of the 2024 United States elections.[129]
On July 14, 2024, Tenacious D celebrated Gass' 64th birthday during their performance at the ICC Sydney Theater. A birthday cake was brought out and Black encouraged Gass to make a wish. Gass responded, "Don't miss Trump next time," referring to the attempted assassination of Donald Trump in Pennsylvania the day before.[130] Two days later, Black wrote on social media that he was "blindsided" by Gass' comment and that he did not condone hate speech or political violence "in any form". Tenacious D canceled the rest of their world tour, and Black said their "creative plans are on hold".[131] Gass apologized on social media, calling his comment "highly inappropriate, dangerous and a terrible mistake", and that he did not condone violence "of any kind, in any form, against anyone", and described the shooting as a "tragedy". He was subsequently dropped by his longtime talent agent, Michael Greene.[132] Gass deleted his apology later that week.[133] At the premiere for the film Borderlands on August 6, Black said he and Gass remained friends and would return "when it feels right".[134] In February 2025, Tenacious D contributed a cover of REO Speedwagon’s "Keep On Loving You" for the compilation album Good Music To Lift Los Angeles.[135]
Musical style, influences and legacy
Tenacious D is a
power chords. Satire and comedy are a major aspect of Tenacious D's lyrical content.[2] Gass said of their approach: "I'd love to do the straight music thing, but that's kind of against our mission, which is to rebel against the serious singer-songwriter mentality."[136] Their songs evoke heavy metal clichés of bands like Iron Maiden and Judas Priest.[137][138] In particular, the song "Dio" pokes fun at the idea of a torch being passed.[139] Songs like "Friendship" parody the lack of real friendship, as well as point out the [bromance] traits in rock groups with the lyric "As long as there's a record deal, we'll always be friends".[140][141] Their short song structures have been described as punk rock-inspired. Tenacious D also employs the technique of deliberate backmasking on "Karate",[142] a technique employed by other metal bands like Slayer, who recorded a message in Hell Awaits.[143]
Black has said that the first song he enjoyed was ABBA's "Take a Chance on Me".[144] His style was distinctly shaped by "big dinosaurs of rock" such as The Who and Led Zeppelin.[64] In addition, Gass lists his influences as being Tom Waits and Tony Robbins.[95] The band claimed that the inspiration for the song "Tribute" came after Black played Metallica's "One" for Gass, describing it as "the best song in the world",[145][146] leading to an attempt to write an even better song, themselves.
"We try to write the best songs ever, and they come out kind of funny..."
Gass has described Tenacious D's comic assertion that they are the best band as being "ridiculous because it's a matter of opinion".[147] Black characterizes Tenacious D's comic nature as an antidote to "the masculinity of rock", adding "There's also something funny about the macho-ness of rock. Like the bands that are the fucking hardest rocking are like, 'We'll fucking kick your ass, dude... with our rock.'"[147]Russell Brand,[148]All Shall Perish,[149]The Lonely Island,[150] and Kanye West[151] have in turn been influenced by the work of Tenacious D.
Black and Gass have made several television appearances performing songs from their first album. On June 16, 2001, Tenacious D were featured as puppets performing "Friendship" on an episode of
MADtv playing the songs "Tribute", & "Lee" with the Foo Fighters frontman Dave Grohl on drums.[159] Later, Tenacious D made an appearance in the first episode of Tom Goes to the Mayor televised on Adult Swim.[160]
In the run up to the release of the film The Pick of Destiny, Tenacious D performed the "
Black and Gass were interviewed on August 29, 2012, by Tony Hawk as part of the "Dissent" series on the web channel, Ride. The interview was conducted in the Sirius/XM studios as part of the Hawk's "Demolition Radio" program. The interview's topics include comedy rock and Upland Skatepark.[165]
The band spent the first twelve years of their career playing acoustic concerts; just Black and Gass on acoustic guitars, with no backing instruments apart from occasional guests. Black and Gass have expressed angst they experience before concerts saying: "We're always looking for a loophole. Pretty much every concert we've ever done, we're trying to find a way to cancel the show at the last minute."[172] The band mainly spent their first five years performing in Los Angeles, with occasional concerts in New York and Colorado. The band embarked on their first ever tour in the summer of 1999. In 2001, Tenacious D started their second nationwide concert tour, performing at larger venues, many of which sold out.[2] In the fall of 2001, Black and Gass toured with Weezer alongside Jimmy Eat World, performing in large arenas. In 2002, the band supported Kid Rock at a handful of concerts, before starting their third domestic tour, Le Tour!, playing many medium-sized theaters. Later that year and in early 2003, the band would perform three small European tours, and an Australian tour.[173]
It's a roaring crowd, and they may be roaring your approval, but it's still a scary, roaring crowd. They can turn on you, conceivably. It's still a beast that you must ride. And once it's been ridden, in the midst of the ride, it feels fantastic.
In 2006, the band launched their first ever major tour,
John Spiker, both members of Gass' side-project Trainwreck, and had been session musicians on The Pick of Destiny album. The band also wished to recruit drummer Brooks Wackerman from The Vandals. At early rehearsals of the tour, Black and Gass contemplated whether to go ahead with the musicians, or whether to continue performing acoustic, of which they decided to try the tour with the band.[174]
The tour would continue into 2007, with two US legs, a European leg and an Australian leg.
Following The Pick of Destiny Tour, the band would go on to play
Bonnaroo and the BlizzCon closing ceremony from 2008 to 2010,[178][179] as well as supporting the Foo Fighters in the fall of 2011.[180] In 2012, the band launched their second major tour, Rize of the Fenix Tour. Apart from two performances in Stockholm and Amsterdam, until 2012, the band had never performed to non-English speaking countries. Black claimed it was because foreign concerts were "a little funky" because "the subtleties do get lost in translation".[172] In June, the band would perform at Rock am Ring and Rock im Park festivals in Germany, which broke the band's attendance records. In October, the band embarked on a large tour of Europe, including returns to Germany.[citation needed
]
Following the Rize of the Fenix Tour, the band toured smaller venues as Old School Acoustic Style Tour in early 2013, performing in North America and Australia. This would be their first acoustic tour since their tour of Australia in 2004. There were two additional acoustic tours in Europe in December 2013 and February 2015.[181] In 2018, the band launched their third major tour, Post-Apocalypto Tour, which would surpass Rize of the Fenix as their biggest tour in the fall of October 2019.[182] In 2023, the band began their fourth major tour, the Spicy Meatball Tour.[127]
Political activities
Tenacious D are supporters of cannabis legalization. They have also performed at a NORML benefit concert.[55] Black described his view that allowing drug use would remove the stigma of feeling "naughty" attached to users, making the activity mundane and less attractive.[183] Black was the executive producer for a documentary about Randy Credico entitled Sixty Spins Around the Sun. It calls for the so-called Rockefeller Drug Laws to be repealed. Black said of it, "They're populating our prisons with people, you know, first time drug offenders—single mothers that have a little bit of coke end up going to prison for 20 years or something. It's just cruel and unusual punishment."[184]
Tenacious D have appeared in numerous music videos by other bands, including "Learn to Fly" by the Foo Fighters, "Push" by Dio,[59] and "Photograph" by Weezer.[191] Black has appeared on his own in many music videos, including a cameo alongside Dave Grohl in the music video for the Eagles of Death Metal song "I Want You So Hard (Boy's Bad News)", alongside Grohl again in the music video for the Foo Fighters' "Low", a cameo in the music video for the song "Sexx Laws" by Beck, and the video for "Humility" by Gorillaz.[192]
Spiker, who play lead guitar and bass. They have released a live album, Trainwreck Live, and a studio album The Wreckoning.[198] Black occasionally appeared with the band under the name "Tuffy McFuckelby".[172] Trainwreck broke up in 2010, but reunited in 2018 and announced that they were working on a new album.[199]
Following the breakup of Trainwreck, Gass started Kyle Gass Band in 2011. The band released their first album, Kyle Gass Band in 2013 and Thundering Herd in 2016. The band features Mike Bray as lead singer, who used to open for Trainwreck shows. The band also features Konesky reprising his role as electric guitarist.[200]
Guitarings
Gass and Konesky produced a YouTube show called Guitarings. The first series launched in mid-2009, and the second series lasted for 2011 and 2012. The series featured guitar tutorials for Tenacious D songs, as well as interviews, equipment reviews, music shop tours and answering fan mail.[201][202]
Band members
Jack Black – lead vocals, rhythm guitar (1994–present)
Kyle Gass – lead guitar, backing and co-lead vocals (1994–present)
Backing/additional members
John Konesky – guitars, backing vocals (2005–present; touring and session)
John Spiker – bass, keyboards, piano, backing vocals (2005–present; touring and session)
Scott Seiver – drums, percussion (2013–present; session and touring since 2015)
Former additional members
Brooks Wackerman – drums (2006–2015; touring and session on live albums)
^ abWoodman, Chay (February 7, 2006). "Tenacious D Interview". Virtual Festivals. Archived from the original on May 12, 2003. Retrieved December 19, 2006.
^Tucker, Ken (September 24, 2001). "Music Review: Tenacious D". Entertainment Weekly. Archived from the original on January 21, 2007. Retrieved December 21, 2006.
^Look What I Almost Stepped In... (Media notes). The Vandals. Nitro Records. 2000. 0794171583324.{{cite AV media notes}}: CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link)
^"News". Tenacious D's official website. Archived from the original on March 27, 2008. Retrieved April 7, 2008.