Tirukkuṟaḷ translations into Latin
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History
The
Translations for comparison
Translation | Chapter 26, Abstinentia a carnibus | |
---|---|---|
Kural 254 (Couplet 26:4) | Kural 258 (Couplet 26:8) | |
Constantius Joseph Beschi, 1730 | Si quaeras quid sit lenitas, quid ejus contrarium, scito esse haec duo, nempe viventia non mactare, et ea mactare; quapropter virtuosa esse nequit illorum carnium comestio. | Qui scientiam habent ab omni deceptione immunem non vescentur carnibus, quae non sunt nisi cadavera. |
Karl Graul, 1856 | Quae est benevolentia et quid (vitium ei) contrarium? Non mactare et mactare. Etiam carne illa (mactando comparata) vesci nefas est. | Sapiens, qui a libidine discessit, non vescetur carne, quae a vita discessit. |
Comparison with European literature
In his commentary, the Italian Jesuit missionary Fr. Beschi who then translated most of the Kural couplets into Latin, compared the couplets with the maxims of Seneca. Later when George Uglow Pope translated the work into English in 1886, he reprinted Beschi's translations in his work.[7]: 9 In his introduction to the English translation, Pope compared the Kural to the Latin elagiac verse, while drawing parallels with the works of Propertius and Martial.[7]: 9
Criticisms on translations
Modern scholars have noticed several mistranslations in the Latin translation by Father Beshi. According to V. Ramasamy, "Beschi is purposely distorting the message of the original when he renders பிறவாழி as ‘the sea of miserable life’ and the phrase பிறவிப்பெருங்கடல் as ‘sea of this birth’ which has been translated by others as ‘the sea of many births’. Beschi means thus ‘those who swim the vast sea of miseries’. The concept of rebirth or many births for the same soul is contrary to Christian principle and belief".[4]
See also
- Tirukkural translations
- List of Tirukkural translations by language
References
- ^ Graul, Karl (1856). "Der Kural des Tiruvalluver". London: Williams & Norgate. Retrieved 6 February 2017.
- ^ Amaladass, Anand (2007). "Values in Leadership in the Tamil Tradition of Tirukkural Vs. Present-day Leadership Theories" (PDF). International Management Review. 3 (1): 9–16. Retrieved 20 November 2016.
- ^ a b Polilan; K. Gunathogai; Lena Kumar; Tagadur Sampath; Mutthamizh; G. Picchai Vallinayagam; D. Anbunidhi; K. V. Neduncheraladhan, eds. (2019). Tiruvalluvar 2050 (in Tamil) (1 ed.). Chennai: Periyar Enthusiasts Group. p. 684.
- ^ a b Ramasamy, V. (2001). On Translating Tirukkural (First ed.). Chennai: International Institute of Tamil Studies.
- ^ Sanjeevi, N. (1973). Bibliography on Tirukkural. In First All India Tirukkural Seminar Papers. Chennai: University of Madras. p. 147.
- ^ Ashraf, N. V. K. (March 2007) [October 2005]. "Kurral (Latina)". Retrieved 14 April 2017.
- ^ ISBN 978-8126053216.
Published translations
- Karl Graul (Trans.). (1865). Kural of Tiruvalluver. High-Tamil Text with Translation into Common Tamil and Latin, Notes and Glossary. (Bibliotheca Tamulica sive Opera Praecipia Tamuliensium, Volume 4). Leipzig: F. A. Brockhaus. 348 pages. (Digitalisat)
Further reading
- Pope, G. U. (1886). The Sacred Kurral of Tiruvalluva Nayanar (with Latin Translation By Fr. Beschi) (Original in Tamil with English and Latin Translations). New Delhi: Asian Educational Services, pp. i-xxviii, 408
- Department of Tamil Development. (2000). திருக்குறள் நூல்கள் (Thirukkural Books). Chennai: International Institute of Tamil Studies, p. 15