Treaty of Melno

Coordinates: 53°26′15″N 19°00′15″E / 53.43750°N 19.00417°E / 53.43750; 19.00417
Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
Treaty of Melno
Treaty of Lake Melno
Lake Melno
Ratified9–18 May 1423
ConditionApproval by Pope Martin V
Parties

The Treaty of Melno (

Republic of Lithuania and Kaliningrad Oblast, Russia, making it one of the oldest and most stable borders in Europe.[1]

Background

Main article:
Gollub War

The

Grand Master Paul von Rusdorf, were unable to mount a suitable defense. However Poland–Lithuania decided to end the conflict before reinforcements from the Holy Roman Empire could arrive through Farther Pomerania.[4] A truce was signed on 17 September 1422. Each side named eight representatives,[nb 1] gave them full authority to negotiate, and sent them to the Polish Army camp near Lake Melno.[5] The Treaty of Melno was concluded ten days later, on 27 September.[6]

Provisions

According to the terms of the treaty, the Teutonic Knights for the first time renounced all territorial, political, and missionary claims against the Grand Duchy of Lithuania.

Michelauer Land.[7] These results were described as a "disappointment" for Poland.[10]

The Teutonic Commander's Castle in Nieszawa was demolished (slighted) as part of the terms of the peace treaty.

The treaty also required that the Teutonic Commander's Castle in Nieszawa be destroyed.[11]

At the time of the treaty, the parties did not have their official seals and therefore it was not immediately

elder of Samogitia Mykolas Skirgaila.[15]

Aftermath

Monument commemorating the treaty in the village of Mełno, Poland

The treaty effectively ended warfare between the Teutonic Knights and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, which had continued with brief interruptions since the 13th century. The last volunteer crusaders arrived in October 1422; after that the Knights had to rely on their own men or on mercenaries.[16] It was a welcome development to Lithuania, as the treaty allowed it to direct its attention towards its Eastern territories and to internal reforms.[3] War-devastated border regions in Samogitia and Suvalkija began to recover. However, the Polish–Teutonic disputes were not resolved. In a telling episode shortly after the treaty had been signed, the Knights and the Poles disputed a watermill in Lubicz, a strategic post that had been turned into a fortress.[17] Vytautas was angered by the dispute and threatened to give up Palanga to the Knights if Poland did not surrender its claims to Lubicz. The Knights won this dispute.[17]

The treaty put an effective end to the Polish–Lithuanian cooperation against the Knights.

Thirteen Years' War (1454–66)
, a civil war that tore Prussia in half.

The agreement drew the Prussian–Lithuanian border roughly and imprecisely, resulting in local demarcation disputes. The border was redrawn with greater detail and precision in 1532 and 1545.

Treaty of Versailles detached the Klaipėda Region (Memel Territory) from Germany as a League of Nations mandate. Lithuania annexed the region in 1923. The southern portion of the border, with small modifications, still survives as the border between Lithuania and Kaliningrad Oblast, Russia.[1]

Notes

  1. Bishop of Pomesania
    , Livonian marshal, and three secular knights.
  2. ^ According to the Bychowiec Chronicle, Birutė, mother of Lithuanian Grand Duke Vytautas, hailed from Palanga.

References

  1. ^
    ISSN 1648-7818
    .
  2. LCCN 79346776
    .
  3. ^
    ISBN 9986-810-13-2
    .
  4. ISBN 1-84176-561-9
    .
  5. ^
    ISBN 0-929700-25-2
    .
  6. ISBN 9783111589725
    .
  7. ^
    LCCN 86232954
    .
  8. ISBN 9986-509-90-4
    .
  9. ISBN 978-1-84162-228-6
    .
  10. ^
    ISBN 978-1-00-128802-4
    .
  11. ^ Jóźwiak, Sławomir (2003). "Zburzenie zamku komturskiego w Nieszawie w latach 1422–1423" (PDF). Rocznik Toruński. 30: 19–33. Archived from the original (PDF) on 15 June 2023.
  12. ISBN 978-963-7326-58-5
    .
  13. ISBN 978-609-95074-5-3
    .
  14. ISBN 978-9955-23-239-1
    .
  15. ISBN 978-9955-33-359-3
    .
  16. ISBN 0-14-026653-4
    .
  17. ^
    ISBN 978-963-7326-58-5
    .
  18. ISBN 978-0-521-61857-1
    .
  19. ISSN 1392-0448
    .

53°26′15″N 19°00′15″E / 53.43750°N 19.00417°E / 53.43750; 19.00417

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