UR Group

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UR Group was an Italian

Self") in 1955 and 1971.[3]

History

The Group of UR was founded by

esoteric studies,[2] to revitalize the perennial tradition of the ancient Sacred mysteries.[6]

Julius Evola was the first editor of the magazine UR. The size of the Group has remained hidden but it is estimated between twelve and fifteen people.[7] Evola rapidly expanded his influence on the Group's magazine,[4] to the point of ousting Arturo Reghini and his disciple Giulio Parise from the management at the end of 1928. Strong personal disagreements with Parise had in fact led to a split in the group itself, after which, in January 1929, Evola founded a new magazine called KRUR.[8] Reghini's support for Freemasonry would prove a bone of contention for Evola, who accused him of wanting to put the magazine under the direct control of the Grand Orient of Italy.[9]

The UR Group in fact declared itself independent of esoteric schools or tendencies formed in modern and contemporary times, referring, if anything, to a universal

Catholics and a significant component of Steinerians,[10] whose anthroposophy undoubtedly inspires most of the members of the Group.[11]
The purpose of this group was to attempt to bring the members' individual identities into such a superhuman state of power and awareness that they would be able to exert a magical influence on the world. They aimed to provide a "soul" to the burgeoning
Fascist movement of the time through the revival of ancient Roman religion, and to influence the fascist regime through esotericism.[12]

Operating branches of the Group were established in

Buddhist, Tantric and rare Hermetic texts.[14]

The name

The name of the group comes from the phonetic expression u-r, existing in the

Runic with the meaning of fire and bull or ram respectively, as well as a prefix "ur-" in German to indicate something primal, ancestral.[15]

The magazines

In the magazines, expressions of the works within the Ur Group, the authors of the articles signed themselves with a pseudonym, because they preferred to spread their thought rather than advertise their own person. The magazine's director was Julius Evola as it appears on the 1927 cover; together with the "curators" Pietro Negri (alias Arturo Reghini) and Giulio Parise in the cover of 1928; again and only Evola in 1929, when the magazine's name was changed to KRUR.[8]

Each of the three publication years corresponds to one of the three volumes of the work Introduction to Magic as Science of the Ego reprinted in 1955 and 1971.[3]

Several hermetic-alchemical texts such as the

Turba philosophorum, or Gichtel
's Theosophia practica were published in the journals of UR and KRUR, and others of a philosophical and ritual nature from various sources.

The members

The

pseudonyms behind which the members of the Ur Group hid were partly revealed by the researches of Gianfranco de Turris,[16] and Renato Del Ponte.[17]
Below a list of those who collaborated with the magazines of UR and KRUR (in brackets their symbolic name used to sign, according to the idea of 'active impersonality'):[18]

Other people, whose identity is unknown, signed with the pseudonyms of: Alba, Apro, Arom, Nilius, Primo Sole, Zam. Another enigmatic name, Ekatlos, is attributable to a lady, or perhaps to Leone Caetani.[21] In the magazine Krur also wrote Agnostus, behind which the French esotericist René Guénon is probably hidden.[16]

Works

See also

Notes

  1. ^ Hans Thomas Hakl, Julius Evola and the UR Group, Aries, 12, Leida, Brill, 2012, pp. 53–90.
  2. ^ a b Joscelyn Godwin (2010), Atlantis and the Cycles of Time: Prophecies, Traditions, and Occult Revelations, Simon and Schuster, 2010.
  3. ^
    Wouter J. Hanegraaff
    ed., Dictionary of Gnosis & Western Esotericism, Brill, 2006, p. 743.
  4. ^ a b G. Lachman (2012), p. 215.
  5. ^ Fabio Milana (2011). "Un'élite spirituale". Cristiani d'Italia (in Italian). Roma: Istituto della Enciclopedia Italiana.
  6. ^ Stefano Arcella (October 2012). "Julius Evola e l'esperienza del Gruppo di Ur. La storia "occulta" dell'Italia del Novecento" (in Italian).
  7. ^ Mark Sedgwick (2009), Against the Modern World: Traditionalism and the Secret Intellectual History of the Twentieth Century, p. 103, Oxford University Press.
  8. ^ a b Fabrizio Giorgio (October 2018). "Le vicende editoriali di "Ur" e "Krur"" (PDF). Speciale Julius Evola (1898–1974) (in Italian). Vol. X, no. 10/98. Milan: la Biblioteca di via Senato. pp. 37–41.
  9. ^ Furlong 2011, p. 5.
  10. ^ G. De Turris (2006), p. 83.
  11. ^ a b Peter Staudenmaier (2014), Between Occultism and Nazism: Anthroposophy and the Politics of Race in the Fascist Era, p. 271, BRILL, 2014.
  12. ^ Furlong 2011, p. 77.
  13. ^ Instructions magical chains, chapter X, in Ur 1927.
  14. ^ Nevill Drury (2004), The Dictionary of the Esoteric: 3000 Entries on the Mystical and Occult Traditions. Motilal Banarsidass Publ., p. 96.
  15. ^ Hugh B. Urban, Magia Sexualis: Sex, Magic, and Liberation in Modern Western Esotericism, p. 152, University of California Press, 2006.
  16. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n Gianfranco de Turris (June 1987). "L'Esoterismo Italiano degli anni Venti: il Gruppo di Ur, tra Magia e Super Fascismo". Abstracta. II (in Italian). No. 16.
  17. ^ a b c d Renato Del Ponte, Evola and the magical Group of UR. Studies and documents to serve the history of «Ur-Krur», Borzano (Reggio Emilia), SeaR, 1994, cf. Maurizio Martucci (2018). "Il magico Gruppo di Ur-Krur" (in Italian).
  18. ^ G. De Turris (2006), p. 125.
  19. ^
    ISBN 978-88-272-1831-0
    . Retrieved 11 December 2023.
  20. ^ "Arvo" may have been used by both Colonna di Cesarò and Evola.
  21. ^ Sandro Consolato (October 2017). "La Grande Guerra degli esoteristi" (in Italian). Tempi.

References

External links

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