USA 17

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USA 17
James Spithill
Notable victories2010 America's Cup
America's Cup2010
Specifications
TypeTrimaran
Displacement17 tons
Length113 ft (34 m) (LOA)
90 ft (27 m) (LWL)
Beam89.9 ft (27.4 m)
Mast height180 ft (55 m)
Sail area13,700 sq ft (1,270 m2)

USA-17

sailing faster than the wind
.

Design

USA 17 was designed by

VPLP
.

Career

Launching and initial testing

BMW Oracle Racing's BOR 90 in original configuration, sailing in the Pacific Ocean near San Diego

BOR 90 was launched in Anacortes, Washington in August 2008 after more than 9 months of construction. She underwent initial testing in Anacortes before being shipped to San Diego, California for additional sea trials and development.

In March 2009, USA 17 (then referred to as BOR90) was pulled from the water for extensive modification in BMW Oracle Racing's San Diego shop. She emerged in early July, 2009, featuring

wave-piercing hulls and other modifications.[9] She was further modified subsequently, in particular in October 2009 to add an engine to power hydraulic winches.[10]

On November 8, 2009, the team announced that a

flaps on an airplane's wing
. Thus the lift of the sail can be controlled very finely, both overall, and for each section.

The wing is more efficient than a traditional soft-sail rig setup. On November 10, BMW reported that they hit 32 miles per hour (28 kn) boat speed in a 10-knot (19 km/h; 12 mph) reported wind speed.[12] During the first race of the 2010 America's Cup, USA 17 was able to sail upwind faster than Alinghi 5 even without a jib. Since the sail area of USA 17's wing is much larger than the sail area of Alinghi 5's mainsail and jib combined, it is clear that the rigid wing is much more efficient than even high-performance traditional sails.

America's Cup

Main article: 2010_America's_Cup § Regatta

Race 1

The first race of the 2010 America's Cup took place on February 12, 2010. USA 17 beat the defender, Alinghi 5. USA 17 started behind by 1:27 after start box maneuvering with Alinghi,[13] but was ahead by 3:21 at the windward mark and by about 9 minutes at the finish. Her official finish time was 15:28 ahead of the loser because Alinghi 5 had to perform a penalty turn, having failed to stay clear at the start.[14]

Wind speeds were 5–10 knots (9.3–18.5 km/h; 5.8–11.5 mph) during the first race. USA 17 reached the windward mark in 1h29, so her velocity made good was about 13.5 knots (25.0 km/h; 15.5 mph), or about 1.8 times wind speed. USA 17 took 63 minutes to reach the downwind mark, so her velocity made good downwind was about 19 knots (35 km/h; 22 mph), or about 2.5 times wind speed.[15][16][c]

The measured wind velocity is taken at near sea level, and does not account for effects of wind gradient with reported true wind speed of 15 knots (28 km/h; 17 mph) at mast head height of over 60 metres (200 ft).[18] The measured sea-level wind direction shifted away from 180 degrees between the time of setting of the course and commencement of sailing of the downwind leg, by which time wind direction was reported to be at around 160 degrees.[19][failed verification] As such the ratio between downwind velocity made good and wind speed is an approximation only.

Race 2

On February 14, 2010, USA 17 also won the second race, and thus the America's Cup, again by a considerable margin. USA 17 was ahead by 0:24 at the start, by 0:28 at the windward mark, by 2:44 at the gybe mark, and by over 4 minutes at the finish. Her official finish time was 5:26 ahead of the defender because Alinghi 5 had to perform a penalty turn, having entered the pre-start area too soon.[20]

Wind speeds were 7 to 8 knots (13 to 15 km/h; 8.1 to 9.2 mph) during the second race. USA 17 reached the windward mark in 59 minutes, so her velocity made good was about 13.2 knots (24.4 km/h; 15.2 mph), or about 1.65 times wind speed. The course was a triangle, so the velocity made good downwind was only 11.5 knots (21.3 km/h; 13.2 mph), or about 1.4 times wind speed. USA 17 averaged 26.8 knots (49.6 km/h; 30.8 mph), or about 3.6 times the wind speed, on the faster first triangular leg.[20][21]

Observers stated that the rigid wing had given USA a decisive advantage.[15][20]

See also

Notes

  1. ^ The name shown on official documentation is USA, but the boat's name is USA 17.[1][2]
  2. Stars and Stripes, a catamaran with this type of rigid sail (a wing) won the 1988 America's Cup
    .
  3. ^ See minutes 30 and 59 of podcast interview with USA 17 designer Mike Drummond.[17]

References

  1. ^ "Interview with the BMW-Oracle Racing helmsman: James Spithill: "To better bar the USA-17, I even passed my pilot's license!"" (in French). 26 January 2010. Retrieved 2012-04-25.
  2. ^ "James Spithill Talks About BMW Oracle's Giant Multi-hull". CupInfo.com. BMW Oracle Racing in San Diego. 2009. Retrieved 7 June 2017.
  3. ^ "Title unknown" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on August 23, 2009.
  4. ^ "Title unknown". Tribune de Genève. 18 August 2009.[dead link]
  5. ^ "Title unknown". Archived from the original on November 15, 2008.
  6. ^ "BMW Oracle Racing pushes edge in 90-foot trimaran". TeamUSA Sports. 8 November 2008. Retrieved 7 March 2009.[dead link]
  7. ^ Swintal, Diane (13 August 2009). "Russell Coutts Talks About BMW Oracle's Giant Multi-hull". cupinfo.com. Retrieved 2012-04-25.
  8. ^ "Friday the Third. Pt 1?". 11 February 2010. Archived from the original on 24 February 2012. Retrieved 2012-04-25.
  9. ^ "Team plans modifications to trimaran". ESPN. Associated Press. 2009-03-03. Retrieved 2009-06-09.[dead link]
  10. ^ "Title unknown". Archived from the original on 2010-10-05.
  11. ^ "Title unknown".[dead link]
  12. ^ "Title unknown". Archived from the original on January 3, 2010.
  13. ^ OTW R1 (4) (online video). Valencia, Spain: dogzillamonster userid on YouTube. 2010-02-12. Event occurs at 2m15s - 3m44s. Retrieved 2014-05-14.
  14. ^ "First Blood to USA". Archived from the original on 2012-05-31. Retrieved 2012-04-21.
  15. ^ a b Nusslé, Pierre (13 February 2010). "La démonstration de puissance d'Oracle brise le rêve d'Alinghi". Tribune de Genève (in French). Retrieved 2012-04-21.
  16. ^ "America's Cup, the numbers of a victory". Yacht Online. Archived from the original on 2011-07-22. Retrieved 2010-03-09.
  17. ^ "Oracle Racing's USA 17". Omega Tau. 20 July 2011. Retrieved 12 August 2011.
  18. ^ "Title unknown". Archived from the original on July 11, 2011.
  19. ^ "Live Video Coverage of the Event". Archived from the original on 2012-03-09. Retrieved 2012-04-25.
  20. ^ a b c "USA win 33rd America's Cup Match – News – 33rd America's Cup". Americascup.com. Archived from the original on 2011-07-07. Retrieved 2010-02-15.
  21. ^ "BMW ORACLE Racing". BMW ORACLE Racing. 2003-09-30. Retrieved 2010-02-15.[dead link]

External links

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