USS Boston (1884)

Coordinates: 37°44′28″N 122°34′59″W / 37.741°N 122.583°W / 37.741; -122.583
Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
For other ships with the same name, see USS Boston and USS Despatch.

Boston (protected). Port bow
USS Boston in 1891
History
United States
NameBoston
NamesakeBoston, Massachusetts
Ordered23 July 1883
BuilderDelaware River Iron Ship Building and Engine Works, Chester, Pennsylvania
Laid down15 November 1883
Launched4 December 1884
Commissioned2 May 1887
Decommissioned4 November 1893
Recommissioned15 November 1895
Decommissioned15 September 1899
Recommissioned11 August 1902
Decommissioned10 June 1907
Recommissioned18 June 1918
FateScuttled 7 April 1946
Notes
General characteristics
TypeProtected cruiser
Displacement3,189 long tons (3,240 t)
Length283 ft (86.3 m)
Beam42 ft (12.8 m)
Draft17 ft (5.2 m)
Installed power
Propulsion
  • Sails (as built)
  • 1 × shaft
Speed16.3 kn (18.8 mph; 30.2 km/h) on trials, 13 kn (15 mph; 24 km/h) designed
Range3,390 nmi (6,280 km; 3,900 mi) at 10 kn (19 km/h; 12 mph)
Complement284 officers and men
Armament
Armor
NotesOne of the U.S. Navy's first four steel ships

The fifth USS Boston was a protected cruiser and one of the first steel warships of the "New Navy" of the 1880s. In some references she is combined with Atlanta as the Atlanta class, in others as the Boston class.

Boston was laid down on 15 November 1883 by

New York Navy Yard, Captain Francis M. Ramsay in command.[1]

Design and construction

Boston was ordered as part of the "ABCD" ships, the others being the cruisers

Secretary of the Navy William C. Whitney initially refused to accept Dolphin, claiming her design was defective, the Roach yard went bankrupt and Boston was completed at the New York Navy Yard, which had little experience with steel-hulled ships.[2]

As-built armament included two

Hotchkiss revolving cannon, two 1-pounder (37 mm (1.46 in)) Hotchkiss revolving cannon, and two .45 caliber (11.4 mm) Gatling guns.[2] The 8-inch guns were initially in open barbettes with gun shields added later.[5]

Armor protection was light, with 2-inch (50.8 mm) gun shields and conning tower, and a 1.5-inch (38.1 mm) deck extending 100 feet (30 m) over the machinery spaces.[6]

The engineering plant included eight coal-fired cylindrical

kW) driving one shaft.[2][5][6] Like the other "ABCD" ships, Boston was built with a sail rig to increase cruising range, later removed. The ship carried up to 490 tons of coal, with a cruising range as built of 3,390 nmi (6,280 km; 3,900 mi) at 10 kn (19 km/h; 12 mph).[2][7]

Refits

In 1900–01 Boston was rebuilt and the 6-inch guns were converted to

4-inch (102 mm)/40 caliber gun added.[2][8] All armament was removed prior to her conversion to a freighter in 1917.[6]

Service history

Boston, being the second cruiser of the New Navy completed, was not ready for active service until 1888. She then made a cruise to

Mare Island Navy Yard on 4 November 1893.[1]

Boston during speed trials

Recommissioned on 15 November 1895, Boston joined the

coup d'etat by the Empress Dowager Cixi. Following this, Boston remained in the Philippines assisting in their pacification until 8 June 1899.[1] Sometime during this overseas deployment, Boston's distinctive sail rig was removed. This is evidence by a photograph taken in 1899 of Boston in the Philippines with pole masts but no cross rigging.[10]

Boston returned to San Francisco on 9 August 1899 and went out of commission at Mare Island Navy Yard on 15 September 1899. She remained out of commission until 11 August 1902 and then rejoined the Pacific Squadron. On 7 November 1903, Boston was the first ship of the Pacific Squadron to arrive near

Puget Sound Navy Yard on 10 June 1907. From 15 June 1911 to September 1916, she served as a training vessel with the Oregon Naval Militia.[1]

With the United States declaration of war on Germany in April 1917, Boston was loaned to the

receiving ship and towed to Yerba Buena Island, California, where she served as a receiving ship until 1940. She was renamed Despatch, the sixth U.S. Navy ship to bear that name, on 9 August 1940, thus freeing her original name for use on the new heavy cruiser Boston (CA-69). From 1940 to October 1945, she was used as a radio school. The old ship was redesignated IX-2 on 17 February 1941. Despatch was towed to sea and sunk off San Francisco on 7 April 1946.[1]

Legacy

The two 8-Inch, 30-Caliber guns, mounted in Hamlin Park, 2020.

Both of Boston's 8-inch (203-mm) guns were placed at the new Seattle Naval Hospital in 1942. After the hospital closed, the guns went with the site to the new Firlands Sanitarium owned by King County in 1947. At some point after 1952, the guns were moved to Hamlin Park, in Shoreline, Washington.[11][12] However, county records do not indicate when the guns were placed in the park or why it was done.[13] Of the two guns displayed at Hamlin Park, the easternmost gun bears a plaque which states that the gun fired the first shot of the Battle of Manila Bay. The other bears a plaque crediting the gun with the dismounting of three guns at the Spanish fort of Cavite.

Awards

Despatch at Yerba Buena Island, San Francisco Bay in 1946

Boston/Despatch earned the following awards in her career spanning six decades:

Notes

  1. ^ a b c d e "Boston V (Protected Cruiser)". Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships. Navy Department, Naval History and Heritage Command. 26 June 2015. Retrieved 19 January 2016.
  2. ^ a b c d e Friedman, pp. 18-22, 457
  3. ^ DiGiulian, Tony, US 8"/30 guns at Navweaps.com
  4. ^ DiGiulian, Tony, US 6"/30 and 6"/35 guns at Navweaps.com
  5. ^ a b Gardiner and Chesneau, p. 150
  6. ^ a b c Bauer and Roberts, p. 141
  7. ^ Gibbons, pp. 232
  8. ^ DiGiulian, Tony, US 4"/40 guns at Navweaps.com
  9. ^ "Probably a mistake". Buffalo Courier (Buffalo, New York). 21 November 1888. p. 2. Retrieved 22 August 2018. The Navy department has no information of the reported surrender to the commander of the United States steamship Boston of the steamer Haytian Republic by the authorities of Hayti. The only report received from Capt. Ramsey (and this was received by mail), stated that the Haytian officials had released the American schooner William Jones, which had been seized on suspicion of engaging in filibustering after an investigation which established her innocence.
  10. ^ "Cruiser Photo Index Protected Cruiser/IX-2 USS BOSTON/DESPATCH - Navsource - Photographic History of the U.S. Navy".
  11. ^ Photos of Boston's guns at NavSource.org
  12. ^ "Photos of Boston's guns at The SunBreak.com". Archived from the original on 12 November 2015. Retrieved 20 January 2016.
  13. ^ Seattle Post-Intelligencer Archives (dead link 2015-05-12)

Public Domain This article incorporates text from the public domain Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships. The entry can be found here.

Bibliography

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