White-eared puffbird

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White-eared puffbird
White-eared puffbird at Extrema, Minas Gerais State, Brazil

Least Concern  (IUCN 3.1)[1]
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Aves
Order: Piciformes
Family: Bucconidae
Genus: Nystalus
Species:
N. chacuru
Binomial name
Nystalus chacuru
(Vieillot, 1816)
White-eared Puffbird at Jacutinga, Minas Gerais, Brazil

The white-eared puffbird (Nystalus chacuru) is a species of

tropical moist forests, gallery forests, tropical savanna
, and heavily degraded former forest.

Description

Like some other puffbirds, the white-eared puffbird is a round, plump bird with a very narrow tail. The head is relatively large, with a dark brown barred crown, and an orange, black-tipped bill.[2] The sit-and-wait feeding strategy, for insects or opportunistic prey, may explain this body shape.

The bird has a medium-brown back and wings, with dark rufous speckles and bars; white and black flecked on the breast. The upper breast is white, extending to a narrow-to-medium white collar around the neck.[3] There is a distinctive, medium-sized white ear patch, which gives the species its common name, and that is surrounded by a dark ear patch. It has a medium-sized tail in dark brown and slightly graduated, with narrow, widely spaced buffy bars, and a pale tip. It measures about 21–22 cm (8.3–8.7 in) in length and weighs between 48–64 g.[3][4]

Distribution

The white-eared puffbird can be found from eastern Peru and central Brazil south to Paraguay, Bolivia and northeastern Argentina.[3]

In south-eastern Brazil, it is centered on the Cerrado region, and on the southeast Atlantic coast from northern Bahia state south to the Paraná–Santa Catarina state borders. It covers much of the eastern and northern Pantanal, and southern areas of the Caatinga.

The north and west parts of its range include the upstream headwaters of some

Amazon Basin river systems, encompassing nearly all of northern Bolivia, the Madeira River's many headwater tributaries, and the extreme headwaters of the Tapajós River. East of the Tapajós, the range expands into the Cerrado, the upper half of the Xingu River drainage, and the entire drainage system of the Araguaia-Tocantins River
(the eastward system, generally considered part of the Amazon Basin).

In Peru, the species is rare but local, found on the very western border region of Bolivia and in some localities in north-central Peru. In this region, it favors the dry forests and scrub found in parts of the Valleys of

Mayo Valley.[6]

Another second locale is mid-river on the downstream Madeira River in southern Amazon Basin Amazonas state.

Diet

The white-eared puffbird feeds on

crabs.[3]

Subspecies

Two subspecies are recognized:[3]

  • Nystalus chacuru uncirostris - found in eastern Peru, northeastern Bolivia and adjacent Brazil.
  • Nystalus chacuru chacuru - found in northeastern, eastern and southern Brazil, eastern Paraguay and northeastern Argentina (
    Misiones
    ).

References

  1. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22682264A92937922.en
    . Retrieved 13 November 2021.
  2. ISBN 978-9872173296
    .
  3. ^
    S2CID 241553205.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link
    )
  4. ISBN 978-0-19-974565-4
    .
  5. ISSN 1726-2216
    .
  6. ISBN 978-1-4008-3449-5
    .
  7. ISSN 2359-165X
    .
  8. ISSN 0104-2386
    .
  9. ISSN 0104-2386
    .
  10. ^ Raw, A. (1997). "Avian predation on individual Neotropical social wasps (Hymenoptera, Vespidae) outside their nests". Orn. Neotropical. 8 (1): 89–92.

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Nystalus chacuru.


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