Yareta

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Yareta
in Lauca National Park, Chile
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Asterids
Order: Apiales
Family: Apiaceae
Genus: Azorella
Species:
A. compacta
Binomial name
Azorella compacta
Phil.

Yareta or llareta (Azorella compacta, known historically as Azorella yareta, from yarita in the Quechua language) is a velvety, chartreuse cushion plant in the family Apiaceae which is native to South America. It grows in the Puna grasslands of the Andes in Peru, Bolivia, northern Chile and western Argentina at altitudes between 3,200 and 5,250 metres (10,500 and 17,220 ft).[1][2]

Distribution of flowers

Description

Yareta is an

self-fertile, pink or lavender flowers are hermaphroditic and are primarily pollinated by small flies in the order Diptera, as well as a variety of other small insect species, including bees, wasps, and moths.[4]

The plant prefers sandy, well-drained soils. It can grow in nutritionally poor soils that are acidic, neutral or basic (alkaline) at altitudes of up to 5,200 metres (17,100 ft).

insolation rates typical of the Andes highlands and cannot grow in shade. The plant's leaves grow into an extremely compact, dense mat that reduces heat and water loss.[5] This mat grows near the ground where air temperature is one or two degrees Celsius higher than the mean air temperature. This temperature difference is a result of the longwave radiation re-radiated by the soil surface, which is usually dark gray to black in the Puna.[5]

Yareta is estimated to grow approximately 1.5 centimetres (0.59 in) per year.[2] Many yaretas are estimated to be over 3,000 years old.[6] These oldest ones have been reported to grow as slowly as 1⁄18 inch (1.4 millimeters) per year.[7] Its very slow growth makes the traditional practice of harvesting it for fuel highly unsustainable.[8]

Gallery

  • Plant in crevice in Eduardo Avaroa Andean Fauna National Reserve, Potosí, Bolivia
    Plant in crevice in
    Potosí, Bolivia
  • Close-up showing seeds
    Close-up showing seeds
  • Texture of surface
    Texture of surface
  • Flowers
    Flowers

References

  1. ^ "Image of Azorella compacta". chileflora. Retrieved 28 October 2015.
  2. ^
    doi:10.1111/j.1442-9993.2004.01386.x
    .
  3. doi:10.1002/ecs2.3031
    .
  4. PMID 25292282
    .
  5. ^
    S2CID 37079723
    .
  6. ^ Stenger, Richard (2019-11-28). "The oldest living things on Earth". CNN Travel. Retrieved 2020-01-09.
  7. JSTOR 2388107
    .
  8. ^ "See the world's oldest organisms".

External links

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