Yugoslav Navy

Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
Not to be confused with
Yugoslav Navy (1992–2003)
.
Yugoslav Navy
Југословенска ратна морнарица
Jugoslavenska ratna mornarica
Seal of the Yugoslav Navy
Founded1945
Disbanded27 April 1992
Country Yugoslavia
TypeNavy
RoleCoastal defence
Size11,000 personnel
90 vessels
Part ofYugoslav People's Army
H/QLora naval base, Split, SR Croatia
(1945–1991)
Kotor, SR Montenegro
(1991–1992)
March"More i mornari" ("Sea and Sailors")
Anniversaries10 September
Engagements
Decorations
See article
Commanders
Commander of the NavySee list
Last commanderMiodrag Jokić
Insignia
Ensign (1949–1992)
Jack (1963–1992)

The Yugoslav Navy (

Serbo-Croatian: Југословенска ратна морнарица, Jugoslavenska ratna mornarica, lit. 'Yugoslav War Navy'), was the navy of Yugoslavia from 1945 to 1992. It was essentially a coastal defense force with the mission of preventing enemy landings along Yugoslavia's rugged 4,000-kilometer shoreline or coastal islands, and contesting an enemy blockade or control of the strategic Strait of Otranto.[1]

In 1990, it had 10,000 sailors (including 4,400 conscripts), including 2,300 in 25 coastal

naval infantry brigade.[1] Following the breakup of Yugoslavia, the navy's equipment and watercraft were claimed by emergent Croatian Navy, Montenegrin Navy, Serbian River Flotilla, and Slovenian Navy
.

History

Former Yugoslav Navy submarines Heroj (P-821) and Una (P-912) in the Museum of Maritime Affairs in the port of Porto Montenegro, Tivat.

The Partisans had operated many small boats in raids harassing Italian convoys in the Adriatic Sea during World War II.[1] After the war, the navy operated numerous German and Italian submarines, destroyers, minesweepers, and tank-landing craft captured during the war or received as war reparations.[1] The United States provided eight torpedo boats in the late 1940s, but most of those units were soon obsolete.[1] Two ex-Royal Navy W-class destroyers were bought in 1956.[2]

The navy was upgraded in the 1960s when it acquired ten

Osa-I class missile boats and four Shershen-class torpedo boats from the Soviet Union.[1] The Soviets granted a license to build eleven additional Shershen units in Yugoslav shipyards developed for this purpose.[1]

In 1980 and 1982, the navy took delivery of two Soviet

Sutjeska class submarines had been relegated mainly to training missions by 1990.[1] At that time, the navy had apparently shifted to construction of versatile midget submarines.[1] Four Una-class midget submarines and four Mala-class swimmer delivery vehicles were in service in the late 1980s.[1] They were built for use by underwater demolition teams and special forces. The Una-class boats carried five crewmen, eight combat swimmers, four Mala vehicles, and limpet mines.[1] The Mala vehicles in turn carried two swimmers and 250 kilograms of mines.[1]

The navy operated ten Osa I-class and six

Rade Končar-class missile boats.[1] The Osa I boats were armed with four SS-N-2A surface-to-surface missile launchers.[1] In 1990, domestic Kobra boats were scheduled to begin replacing the Osa I boats.[1] The Kobra was to be armed with four SS-N-2C launchers or eight Swedish RBS-15 antiship missile launchers.[1] Armed with two SS-N-2B launchers, the Končar-class boats were modeled after the Swedish Spica class.[1] The navy also operated fifteen Shershen-class torpedo boats and eleven Yugoslav-built units.[1]

Patrol boats were operated primarily for antisubmarine warfare.

Mornar-class corvettes with antisubmarine rocket launchers and depth charges.[1] The Mornar class was based on a French design from the mid-1950s.[1] Seventeen Mirna inshore patrol boats and thirteen older Kraljevica submarine chasers also were available.[1]

The navy's mine warfare and countermeasures capabilities were considered adequate in 1990.

minesweepers built in domestic shipyards.[1] Larger numbers of older and less capable minesweepers were mainly used in riverine operations.[1] Other older units were used as dedicated minelayers.[1] The navy used amphibious landing craft in support of army operations in the area of the Danube, Sava, and Drava rivers.[1] They included both tank and assault landing craft.[1] In 1990, there were four 501-class, ten 211-class, and twenty-five 601-class landing craft in service.[1] Most of them were also capable of laying mines in rivers and coastal areas.[1]

The coastal artillery batteries had both

SS-N-2.[1] Coastal guns included over 400 88 mm, 122 mm, 130 mm, and 152 mm artillery pieces obtained from the Soviet Union, the United States, postwar Germany, and Yugoslav manufacturers.[1]

In November 1991 during the Croatian War of Independence, there was a three-day confrontation between three tactical groups of Yugoslav Navy ships and coastal artillery, and a detachment of naval commandos of the Croatian Navy.

Organisation

Minor surface combatants operated by the navy included about 80

Ka-28 and Mi-14 helicopters, and domestic Partisan helicopters.[1] Some air force fighter and reconnaissance squadrons supported naval operations.[1]

After the collapse of the

Serbian army, naval base in Tivat Arsenal was sold to Canadian businessman Peter Munk for 3.2 million euro.[3]

Marines

The 12th Naval Infantry Brigade (Mornarička Pešadijska Brigada) were the

State Union of Serbia and Montenegro. The 12th Naval Infantry Brigade was headquartered in the 8th Naval Sector at Split but was later moved near Kotor, a coastal town in Montenegro. A small detachment was located at Novi Sad on the Danube. The brigade consisted of 900 to 2,000 men in two or three battalions. As a multi-ethnic unit, the brigade was broken up during the Breakup of Yugoslavia, and it saw little action. The largest remnant eventually moved to Montenegro. There is a naval special forces detachment (Pomorski odred - Specijalne snage) In the Montenegrin Navy[4]
— perhaps this is composed of residual members of the 12th Naval Infantry Brigade.

Equipment

Main article: List of ships of the Yugoslav Navy

Sea Fleet

Frigates:

Koni-class frigate Split VPBR 31
Frigate Kotor class Pula VPBR 34

Submarines:

Mališan on display at Zagreb
  • P-801 Tara - Formerly called Nebojša, the only Yugoslav Royal Navy submarine that survived the 1941 German invasion. Withdrawn from service in 1954.  United Kingdom
  • P-802 Sava - Withdrawn from service in 1968.  United Kingdom
  • P-901 Mališan - Former Italian midget submarine CB-20. Withdrawn from service in 1959.  Italy
  • Sutjeska class  Yugoslavia
    • P-811 Sutjeska - Withdrawn from service in 1980.
    • P-812 Neretva - Withdrawn from service in 1981.
  • Heroj class  Yugoslavia
    • P-821 Heroj – Heavy maintenance stopped during 2004, withdrawn from operational use. On display at the Naval Museum in Tivat.[6]
    • P-822 Junak – Withdrawn from operational use by the RMVJ mid-90s. Scrapped for reclaimed iron at Tivat Arsenal.
    • P-823 Uskok – Withdrawn from operational use by the RMVJ in 1998. Sold and scrapped for reclaimed iron to Izmir, Turkey, in 2007.
  • Sava class  Yugoslavia
    • P-831 Sava – Withdrawn from operational use by VSCG in 2004. Towed to Turkey in March 2010, where she was cut up for scrap.[6]
    • P-832 Drava – Heavy maintenance stopped during 1996, withdrawn from operational use by the VSCG. Cut up for scrap metal at Tivat Arsenal in June 2008.[6]
  • Una class  Yugoslavia
    • P-911Tisa – Withdrawn from operational use by the RMVJ in 1997. To go on display in Belgrade[6][7]
    • P-912 Una – Withdrawn from operational use by the RMVJ in 1997. On display at the Naval Museum in Tivat.[7]
    • P-913 Zeta – On display at the Pivka Military History Park in Pivka,[6] Slovenia since 2011[7]
    • P-914 Soča – Remained in
      Lora Naval Base
      in Split, Croatia.
    • P-915 Vardar – Heavy maintenance stopped in 2003, withdrawn from operational use by the MVSCG. Scrapped in July 2008 at Tivat Arsenal.[6][7]
    • P-916 Vrbas – Withdrawn from operational use by MVSCG in 2005. To go on display in Kumbor, Herceg-Novi.

Guided Missile Gunboats:

Končar class RTOP-21 Šibenik

Fast Missile Boats:

Torpedo boats
:

  • Shershen class  Soviet Union/ Yugoslavia[11]
    • TČ-211 Pionir
    • TČ-212 Partizan
    • TČ-213 Proleter
    • TČ-214 Topčider
    • TČ-215 Ivan
    • TČ-216 Jadran
    • TČ-217 Kornat
    • TČ-218 Biokovac
    • TČ-219 Streljko - Captured by the Croatian Navy in September 1991 at Šibenik . Heavily damaged, she never returned to service and was sunk as a target by the missile boats Kralj Petar Krešimir IV and OBM-41 Dubrovnik on 12 October 1994, during operation Posejdon.[9][10]
    • TČ-220 Crvena zvezda
    • TČ-221 Partizan III - Captured in September 1991 at Šibenik by the Croatian Navy, with which she saw service as OBM-51 Vukovar.
    • TČ-222 Partizan II
    • TČ-223 Napredak
    • TČ-224 Pionir II

Patrol boats
:

School ship
:

River Fleet

Command ship

Station for degauss

River minesweepers

River patrol boats

Assault boats

See also

Notes

  1. ^
    OCLC 24792849. Archived from the original on 20 October 2021. Retrieved 20 October 2021. Public Domain This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.{{cite encyclopedia}}: CS1 maint: postscript (link
    )
  2. ^ Blackman, Raymond V B, Jane's Fighting Ships 1963-4, Sampson Low, Marston & Co. Ltd, London, p443
  3. ^ a b "Željko Komnenović. Potop mornarice Crne Gore". Archived from the original on 29 December 2014. Retrieved 10 January 2014.
  4. ^ "Vojska Crne Gore. Mornarica Organizaciona struktura Mornarice". Archived from the original on 15 January 2014. Retrieved 14 January 2014.
  5. ^ Luković, Siniša (21 August 2013). "Posljednja plovidba "Splita"" [Last sailing for "Split"]. Vijesti. Archived from the original on 29 December 2014. Retrieved 10 January 2014.
  6. ^ a b c d e f g "Yugoslavia' Submarines". Archived from the original on 11 January 2014. Retrieved 8 January 2014.
  7. ^ a b c d e "Yugoslavia's Sabotage Submarines". 6 September 2010. Archived from the original on 8 January 2014. Retrieved 8 January 2014.
  8. ^ a b "World Navies Today: Croatia (2002)". Archived from the original on 15 December 2013. Retrieved 18 August 2010.
  9. ^ a b HRM "Vukovar" i "Dubrovnik" Archived 27 July 2011 at the Wayback Machine (in Croatian)
  10. ^ a b Vojna vjezba drill posjedon- Hrvatska Croatia, Jadran Adriatic 1994 Archived 4 August 2016 at the Wayback Machine Operation Posjedon video (in Croatian)
  11. ISBN 0-89009-626-0
  12. ^ a b Udruga Dragovoljaca Hrvastke Ratne Mornarice - Zadar (in Croatian)
  13. ^ a b "Yugoslavian Navy during War in Croatia (1991-1992) - Soviet-Empire.com U.S.S.R." www.soviet-empire.com. Archived from the original on 11 August 2021. Retrieved 11 August 2021.
  14. ^ "Slobodna Dalmacija - Admiralu JNA osam godina zatvora za granatiranje Šibenika, njegovom podređenom upola manje: 'Dobio sam naređenje da ne otvaram vatru na katedralu'". slobodnadalmacija.hr (in Croatian). 16 October 2018. Archived from the original on 25 April 2023. Retrieved 25 April 2023.
  15. ^ Admiral Letica je naredio: "Raspali!" Archived 17 October 2012 at the Wayback Machine Slobodna Dalmacija, 15 November 2004. (in Croatian)
  16. ^ "Slobodna Dalmacija - Admiralu JNA osam godina zatvora za granatiranje Šibenika, njegovom podređenom upola manje: 'Dobio sam naređenje da ne otvaram vatru na katedralu'". slobodnadalmacija.hr (in Croatian). 16 October 2018. Archived from the original on 25 April 2023. Retrieved 25 April 2023.
  17. ^ Dunaj Archived 4 May 2019 at the Wayback Machine Ondrejkovics - Sandor de Szlavnicza files (in Slovak)

References

Wikimedia Commons has media related to SFR Yugoslav Navy.

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