Óengus II

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Óengus II of the Picts
)
For the 8th-century king of Picts, see Óengus I.

Óengus mac Fergusa
PredecessorCaustantín
SuccessorDrest
Died834
OccupationKing of the Picts (820–834)

Óengus mac Fergusa (Angus MacFergus; Irish Onuist, Latinized Hungus) was

Saint Andrew, the patron saint of Scotland
, although this has not been proven.

Life

Óengus succeeded his brother

Caustantín to the throne. Previously thought to have been of Dál Riatan origin and descended from Fergus mac Echdach, their family is now assumed to have been that of the first king Óengus mac Fergusa, perhaps originating in Circinn (presumed to correspond with the modern Mearns), a Pictish family with ties to the Eóganachta of Munster in Ireland.[1]

Óengus, along with his brother, son

kings of Scots, of Alba and of Dál Riata from Fergus Mór and his brothers onwards. The inclusion of Pictish kings from Caustantín to Eogán in the Duan led to the supposition that Dál Riata was ruled by Pictish kings, or rather that Dál Riata kings ruled Pictland, leading to supposition that the origins of the Kingdom of Alba lay in a Gaelic conquest of Pictland.[2] However, it is now suggested that their inclusion is due to their importance in the religious communities of Dunkeld and St Andrews, where they were seen as founders and early patrons.[3] However, a modern reconstruction of the later lists of Dál Riata kings presumes that Óengus's nephew Domnall was king of Dál Riata during this time (approximately 811–835).[4]

Óengus died in 834, the only event of his reign reported in the

Eogán was later king and was killed with his brother Bran in a battle against Vikings
in 839.

Association with Saint Andrew

Guthrum the Old
(whose baptismal name was Athelstan).

The "Cross of Christ" vision in Bower's account (itself a reminiscence of the Milvian Bridge episode) is turned into the white on blue Saltire in the narrative by George Buchanan (1506–1582), who has such a saltire appear in the sky in the form of a cloud formation during the battle.[7]

The religious site at St Andrews, originally Cennrígmonaid, long predates this Óengus.

Nechtan mac Der-Ilei (king 706–724 and ?728–729; died 732). The St Andrews Sarcophagus is assumed to have been made for the remains of Nechtan or the first Óengus.[8] The later St Andrews tradition recounting the supposed arrival of Saint Regulus (or Saint Rule) at St Andrews, with relics of St Andrew, has him met at Forteviot by three sons of Óengus: Eogán, Nechtan and Finguine.[9]

See also

Notes

  1. ^ Broun, "Pictish Kings", p. 82, table 67.
  2. ^ See Bannerman, Smyth, for alternative views of this process; compare Foster.
  3. ^ Broun, "Pictish Kings", pp.80–81; see also Broun, "Dunkeld", p. 105, note 40.
  4. ^ Broun, "Pictish Kings", pp. 75–83.
  5. ^ Annals of Ulster, s.a. 834.
  6. ^ Broun, "St Andrews", p. 108.
  7. ^ Bartram, Graham (2001). "The Story of Scotland's Flags" (PDF). Proceedings of the XIX International Congress of Vexillology. York, United Kingdom: Fédération internationale des associations vexillologiques. pp. 167–172.
  8. ^ Henderson, pp. 155–156.
  9. ^ Broun, "Pictish Kings", p. 81 and note 27. Broun notes that, apart from Eogán, the names may be fictitious. However, Nechtan mac Der-Ilei's paternal grandfather was named Finguine, so that some person of that name could have been linked with the earliest history of Cennrígmonaid.

References

External links
Regnal titles
Preceded by
Caustantín
King of the Picts

820–834 		Succeeded by
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