1785 in science
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The year 1785 in science and technology involved some significant events.
Astronomy
- Dunsink Observatory established near Dublin.[1]
Aviation
- January 7 – Frenchman Jean-Pierre Blanchard and American John Jeffries travel from Dover, England to Calais, France in a gas balloon, becoming the first to cross the English Channel by air.
- January 19 – Richard Crosbie successfully flies in a hot air balloon across Dublin, the first ascent in Ireland.
Biology
- Antoine François and Étienne Louis Geoffroypublish Entomologia Parisiensis, sive, Catalogus insectorum quae in agro Parisiensi reperiuntur ....
- John Stuart, 3rd Earl of Bute, publishes Botanical Tables, containing the different families of British plants.
Earth sciences
- March 7–July – James Hutton's Theory of the Earth is first presented, at the Royal Society of Edinburgh.[2]
Exploration
- André Michaux is sent by the French government to North America to look for new plants.
Mathematics
- The voting paradox, the Condorcet method of voting and his jury theorem.
Medicine
- William Withering publishes An Account of the Foxglove and some of its Medical Uses.
- A form of chainsaw is first illustrated by Scottish doctor John Aitken, for use in symphysiotomy.[3][4]
- London Hospital Medical College opens as England's first chartered medical school.
Physics
- Charles-Augustin de Coulomb first publishes Coulomb's law.[5]
Technology
- Lionel Lukin patents a rescue lifeboat in Great Britain.
- Approximate date – American inventor Archimedean screws at Greenbank Mill, in New Castle County, Delaware[6][7][8] – "He practically invented the modern science of handling materials."[9]
Awards
Births
- January 15 – William Prout, English chemist (died 1850)
- February 26 – Anna Sundström, Swedish chemist (died 1871)
- March 17 – Ellen Hutchins, Irish botanist (died 1815)
- March 22 – Adam Sedgwick, English geologist (died 1873)
- April 26 – John James Audubon, Haitian-born American naturalist, illustrator (died 1851)
- July 6 – William Jackson Hooker, English botanist (died 1865)
Deaths
- January 23 – Matthew Stewart, Scottish mathematician (born 1717)
- June 2 – Jean Paul de Gua de Malves, French mathematician (born 1713)
- November 16 – mineralogist (born 1709)
- December 12 – Edmé-Louis Daubenton, French naturalist (born 1730)
- Pierre Le Roy, French clockmaker (born 1717)
- Saverio Manetti, Italian natural historian (born 1723)
- undated – Faustina Pignatelli, Italian mathematician (born 1705)
References
- ^ Alexander Thom (1850). Thom's Irish Almanac and Official Directory (7th ed.). p. 258. Retrieved 2011-02-22.
- ^ Hutton, James (1788). "Theory of the Earth; or an Investigation of the Laws observable in the Composition, Dissolution, and Restoration of Land upon the Globe". Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh. 1 (2): 209–304. Archived from the original on 2003-07-29. Retrieved 2011-10-12.
- ^ Aitken, John (1785). Principles of Midwifery or Puerperal Medicine.
- S2CID 19878683.
- ^ Coulomb (1785). "Premier mémoire sur l’électricité et le magnétisme". Histoire de l’Académie Royale des Sciences. pp. 569–577.
- ^ Evans, Oliver; Evans, Thomas Ellicott Cadwallader (1848). The Young Mill-wright and Miller's Guide (12th ed.). Lea & Blanchard. p. 204.
- ISBN 978-0-8018-9141-0.
- ^ Troy, Rosemary; Wood, Graydon (June 1972). "National Register of Historic Places Inventory/Nomination: Greenbank Historic Area". National Park Service.
- ISBN 978-0-917914-73-7)..
- ^ "Copley Medal | British scientific award". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 21 July 2020.