1884 Spanish general election
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All 433 seats in the Congress of Deputies and 180 (of 360) seats in the Senate 217 seats needed for a majority in the Congress of Deputies | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Registered | 808,243 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Turnout | 587,458 (72.7%) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
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The 1884 Spanish general election was held on Sunday, 27 April (for the Congress of Deputies) and on Thursday, 8 May 1884 (for the Senate), to elect the 3rd Cortes of the Kingdom of Spain in the Restoration period. All 433 seats in the Congress of Deputies were up for election, as well as 180 of 360 seats in the Senate.
Overview
Electoral system
The Spanish
For the Congress of Deputies, 111 seats were elected using a
As a result of the aforementioned allocation, each Congress multi-member constituency was entitled the following seats:[6][10][11]
Seats | Constituencies |
---|---|
8 | Havana, Madrid |
5 | Barcelona, Palma, Santa Clara |
4 | Santiago de Cuba, Seville |
3 | La Coruña, Lugo, Málaga, Matanzas, Murcia, Oviedo, Pamplona, Pinar del Río, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Santander, Tarragona, Valencia, Valladolid, Zaragoza
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For the Senate, 180 seats were
Election date
The term of each chamber of the Cortes—the Congress and one-half of the elective part of the Senate—expired five years from the date of their previous election, unless they were dissolved earlier. The previous Congress and Senate elections were held on 21 August and 2 September 1881, which meant that the legislature's terms would have expired on 21 August and 2 September 1886, respectively. The monarch had the prerogative to dissolve both chambers at any given time—either jointly or separately—and call a snap election.[1][6][12] There was no constitutional requirement for simultaneous elections for the Congress and the Senate, nor for the elective part of the Senate to be renewed in its entirety except in the case that a full dissolution was agreed by the monarch. Still, there was only one case of a separate election (for the Senate in 1877) and no half-Senate elections taking place under the 1876 Constitution.
The Cortes were officially dissolved on 31 March 1884, with the dissolution decree setting the election dates for 27 April (for the Congress) and 8 May 1884 (for the Senate) and scheduling for both chambers to reconvene on 20 May.[15]
Background
The
Results
Congress of Deputies
Parties and alliances | Popular vote | Seats | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Votes | % | |||
Liberal Conservative Party (PLC) | 342 | |||
Liberal Fusionist Party (PLF) | 43 | |||
Dynastic Left (ID) | 36 | |||
Independent Republicans (R.IND) | 9 | |||
Possibilist Democratic Party (PDP) | 3 | |||
Total | 433 | |||
Votes cast / turnout | 587,458 | 72.68 | ||
Abstentions | 220,785 | 27.32 | ||
Registered voters | 808,243 | |||
Sources[18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31] |
Senate
Parties and alliances | Seats | |
---|---|---|
Liberal Conservative Party (Conservadores) | 140 | |
Liberal Fusionist Party (Fusionistas) | 15 | |
Dynastic Left (Izquierda Dinástica) | 8 | |
Possibilist Democratic Party (Posibilistas) | 2 | |
Moderate Party (Moderados) | 1 | |
Independents (Independientes) | 4 | |
Archbishops (Arzobispos) | 10 | |
Total elective seats | 180 | |
Sources[32][33][34][35] |
References
- ^ a b c d Constitución de la Monarquía Española (PDF) (Constitution) (in Spanish). 30 June 1876. Retrieved 19 August 2022.
- ^ "El Senado en la historia constitucional española". Senate of Spain (in Spanish). Retrieved 26 December 2016.
- ^ García Muñoz 2002, pp. 105–106.
- ^ Carreras de Odriozola & Tafunell Sambola 2005, p. 1077.
- ^ Roldán de Montaud 1999, p. 249.
- ^ a b c d Ley electoral de los Diputados a Cortes (PDF) (Law) (in Spanish). 28 December 1878. Retrieved 19 August 2022.
- ^ "Decreto mandando se verifiquen en Puerto-Rico las elecciones ordinarias de Senadores y Diputados á Córtes" (PDF). Gaceta de Madrid (in Spanish) (104). Agencia Estatal Boletín Oficial del Estado: 841–842. 14 April 1871.
- ^ Ley mandando que los distritos para las elecciones de Diputados á Córtes sean los que se expresan en la división adjunta (PDF) (Law) (in Spanish). 1 January 1871. Retrieved 21 August 2022.
- ^ "Decreto mandando se verifiquen en Puerto-Rico las elecciones ordinarias de Senadores y Diputados á Córtes" (PDF). Gaceta de Madrid (in Spanish) (104). Agencia Estatal Boletín Oficial del Estado: 841–842. 14 April 1871.
- ^ "Real decreto dictando reglas para las elecciones de Diputados a Cortes en la Isla de Cuba" (PDF). Gaceta de Madrid (in Spanish) (220). Agencia Estatal Boletín Oficial del Estado: 376. 8 August 1878.
- ^ Roldán de Montaud 1999, pp. 250.
- ^ a b Ley electoral de Senadores (PDF) (Law) (in Spanish). 8 February 1877. Retrieved 19 August 2022.
- ^ Ley dictando reglas para la elección de Senadores en las islas de Cuba y Puerto Rico (PDF) (Law) (in Spanish). 9 January 1879. Retrieved 19 August 2022.
- ^ "Real decreto determinando el número de Senadores que habrán de elegirse en cada una de las provincias con motivo de las próximas elecciones" (PDF). Gaceta de Madrid (in Spanish) (184). Agencia Estatal Boletín Oficial del Estado: 23. 3 July 1881.
- ^ "Real decreto declarando disueltos el Congreso de los Diputados y la parte electiva del Senado" (PDF). Gaceta de Madrid (in Spanish) (92). Agencia Estatal Boletín Oficial del Estado: 1. 1 April 1884.
- ^ Martorell Linares 1997, pp. 139–143.
- ^ Martínez Relanzón 2017, pp. 147–148.
- ^ López Domínguez 1976, pp. 390–408.
- ^ Armengol i Segú & Varela Ortega 2001, pp. 655–776.
- National Institute of Statistics(in Spanish). Retrieved 12 December 2020.
- ^ "Lucha electoral". National Library of Spain (in Spanish). La Época. 27 April 1884. Retrieved 4 May 2023.
- ^ "Elecciones de diputados a Cortes". National Library of Spain (in Spanish). La Correspondencia de España. 28 April 1884. Retrieved 4 May 2023.
- ^ "Elecciones en provincias". National Library of Spain (in Spanish). El Día. 28 April 1884. Retrieved 4 May 2023.
- ^ "El resultado de las elecciones". National Library of Spain (in Spanish). El Globo. 28 April 1884. Retrieved 4 May 2023.
- ^ "Elecciones de diputados". National Library of Spain (in Spanish). El Día. 29 April 1884. Retrieved 4 May 2023.
- ^ "Elecciones en provincias". National Library of Spain (in Spanish). El Liberal. 29 April 1884. Retrieved 4 May 2023.
- ^ "Resultado de las elecciones". National Library of Spain (in Spanish). El Globo. 29 April 1884. Retrieved 4 May 2023.
- ^ "Resultado de las elecciones". National Library of Spain (in Spanish). La Época. 29 April 1884. Retrieved 4 May 2023.
- ^ "Elecciones en provincias". National Library of Spain (in Spanish). El Siglo Futuro. 29 April 1884. Retrieved 4 May 2023.
- ^ "Las elecciones en Cuba y Puerto Rico". National Library of Spain (in Spanish). El Imparcial. 30 April 1884. Retrieved 4 May 2023.
- ^ "Los diputados por Cuba y Puerto Rico". National Library of Spain (in Spanish). El Liberal. 30 April 1884. Retrieved 4 May 2023.
- ^ "Ayer hemos publicado el resultado de las elecciones senatoriales". National Library of Spain (in Spanish). La Época. 9 May 1884. Retrieved 13 December 2020.
- ^ "Los resultados hasta ahora conocidos de la elección de senadores dan la cifra de 21 a la oposición". National Library of Spain (in Spanish). Diario Ilustrado. 9 May 1884. Retrieved 13 December 2020.
- ^ "Senadores y diputados". National Library of Spain (in Spanish). El Liberal. 9 May 1884. Retrieved 13 December 2020.
- ^ "Correspondencias". National Library of Spain (in Spanish). Crónica de Cataluña. 11 May 1884. Retrieved 13 December 2020.
Bibliography
- López Domínguez, José María (1976). Elecciones y partidos políticos de Puerto Rico: 1809-1898 (PDF) (Thesis) (in Spanish). Vol. 1. Puerto Rico: Complutense University of Madrid. Retrieved 11 September 2022.
- Martorell Linares, Miguel Ángel (1997). "La crisis parlamentaria de 1913-1917. La quiebra del sistema de relaciones parlamentarias de la Restauración". Revista de Estudios Políticos (in Spanish) (96): 137–161. ISSN 0048-7694. Retrieved 13 September 2020.
- Martínez Ruiz, Enrique; Maqueda Abreu, Consuelo; De Diego, Emilio (1999). Atlas histórico de España (in Spanish). Vol. 2. Bilbao: Ediciones KAL. pp. 108–110. ISBN 9788470903502.
- Roldán de Montaud, Inés (1999). "Política y elecciones en Cuba durante la restauración". Revista de Estudios Políticos (in Spanish) (104): 245–287. Retrieved 19 December 2020.
- Armengol i Segú, Josep; Varela Ortega, José (2001). El poder de la influencia: geografía del caciquismo en España (1875-1923) (in Spanish). Madrid: Marcial Pons Historia. pp. 655–776. ISBN 9788425911521.
- García Muñoz, Montserrat (2002). "La documentación electoral y el fichero histórico de diputados". Revista General de Información y Documentación (in Spanish). 12 (1): 93–137. ISSN 1132-1873. Retrieved 13 September 2020.
- Carreras de Odriozola, Albert; Tafunell Sambola, Xavier (2005) [1989]. Estadísticas históricas de España, siglos XIX-XX (PDF) (in Spanish). Vol. 1 (II ed.). Bilbao: Fundación BBVA. pp. 1072–1097. ISBN 84-96515-00-1. Archived from the original(PDF) on 24 September 2015.
- Martínez Relanzón, Alejandro (2017). "Political Modernization in Spain Between 1876 and 1923". Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Sklodowska, sectio K. 24 (1). Madrid: S2CID 159328027.
External links
- Historical archive of deputies (1810–1977). Congress of Deputies (in Spanish).
- Elections in the Revolutionary Sexennium and the Restoration. Historia Electoral.com (in Spanish).