18th Cavalry (India)

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18th Cavalry
Active1842; 182 years ago (1842)
1921; 103 years ago (1921) (as 18th Cavalry)–present
Country
Tel-El-Kebir
Punjab Frontier
Commanders
Colonel of
the Regiment		Maj Gen Jagatbir Singh, VSM[1]

The 18th Cavalry is a cavalry regiment of the armoured corps of the Indian Army. The regiment was created in 1921; 103 years ago (1921), as the 18th King Edward's Own Cavalry of the British Indian Army, through the amalgamation of the 7th Hariana Lancers and 6th King Edward's Own Cavalry.[2]

Formation

Tracing its origins from 1842; 182 years ago (1842), the regiment was formed in 1921 by the amalgamation of the 6th King Edward's Own Cavalry and the 7th Hariana Lancers to form the 6th/7th Cavalry. This was quickly changed in 1922 to 18th King Edward's Own Cavalry.[3]

These two regiments themselves had undergone many changes:[citation needed]

  • 6th King Edward's Own Cavalry : 1842 – raised at Fatehgarh as 8th Regiment of Bengal Irregular Cavalry, 1861 – 6th Regiment of Bengal Cavalry, 1883 – 6th (The Prince of Wales's) Regiment of Bengal Cavalry, 1901 – 6th (Prince of Wales's) Bengal Cavalry, 1903 – 6th Prince of Wales's Cavalry, 1906 – 6th King Edward's Own Cavalry;
  • 7th Hariana Lancers : 1846 – raised at Cawnpore and Meerut as 16th Regiment of Bengal Irregular Cavalry, 1847 – 17th Regiment Bengal Irregular Cavalry, 1861 – 7th Regiment of Bengal Cavalry, 1900 – 7th Regiment of Bengal Lancers, 1901 – 7th Bengal Lancers, 1903 – 7th Lancers, 1904 – 7th Hariana Lancers.

The composition of the regiment at the time of amalgamation was

Jats.[4] The present class composition is of Jats from Uttar Pradesh, Haryana and Rajasthan; Rajputs from Uttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, and Rajasthan and Hindustani Mussalmans from all over India, but mainly from Uttar Pradesh and West Bengal
.

7th Bengal Cavalry (from DeGolyer Library, Southern Methodist University)

In

King Edward VII. In December 1940; 83 years ago (1940-12), it became the second to last cavalry regiment to be mechanised, leaving only the 17th Queen Victoria's Own Poona Horse still mounted on horses (it too would be mechanised a month later).[citation needed
]

Operations during the British Raj

The regiment, still mounted cavalry, took part in the August to September 1933 Mohmand and Bajaur operations and the July to October 1935 Loe-Agra and Mohmand operations. The 1935 operations was to suppress the Mohmands, north of the Khyber Pass, after their raiding on the plains and attacks on road construction parties. The campaign witnessed a night operation to capture the heights around the Nahakki Pass.[citation needed]

Second World War

An Indian Pattern Carrier Mk IIA named 'Dhar IV', North Africa, 10 April 1942 of the type used by 3rd Indian Motor Brigade.

In December

mechanised. It formed part of the 3rd Indian Motor Brigade, which was initially part of the 1st Indian Armoured Division.[5]

The

9th Australian Division who they were with during the Siege of Tobruk.[5] The regiment also supplied men for the Indian Long Range Squadron. The brigade was later overrun by the Italians during the Battle of Gazala, and took some days to reform. After the brigade re-formed, the regiment was equipped as follows: Cavalry Carrier - 2 x Reconnaissance Squadron, 1 x AT Squadron.[6][7][8]

On 30 June, the brigade was ordered to hand over 50 per cent of its vehicles to the Eighth Army, and was dispersed; the regiment was allotted to the defence of the

Persia via Baghdad, and was placed under the command of the 31st Indian Armoured Division (formally the 1st Indian Armoured Division). In late November, it then moved to Shaibah, 7 miles (11 kilometres) from Basra. From here, the regiment returned to India in January 1943, and the brigade was reconstituted as the 43rd Indian Infantry Brigade (Lorried) at Shaibah at the end of January 1943. In the middle of the year, it moved to Rawalpindi and commenced conversion to a light cruiser regiment.[9]
By the end of the year, the regiment successfully converted into a light cruiser tank regiment. The regiment was split up after that, serving in different parts of India when the Japanese surrender came in August 1945.

18th King Edward's Own Cavalry won the following gallantry awards during the Second World War:[10][11]

Operations in independent India

The then Commandant, Lieutenant Colonel Hari Singh Deora with a destroyed Pakistani Sherman tank during the 1965 Indo-Pakistani War.

Indo-Pakistani War of 1965

During the

mentioned in despatches.[14]

Indo-Pakistani War of 1971

During the

Indo-Pakistani War of 1971, the regiment saw action in the Fazilka sector. Naib Risaldar Noor Mohammed Khan was awarded the Vir Chakra.[15]

Other operations

The regiment has participated in

counter-insurgency operations in Jammu and Kashmir, where it was awarded the GOC-in-C (Northern Command) Unit Citation.[citation needed
]

Battle honours

1991 postage stamp

The regiment was awarded the following

battle honours:[16][17]

Awarded to 6th King Edward's Own Cavalry

Tel-el-Kebir, Punjab Frontier[18]

Awarded to 7th Hariana Lancers

Burma 1885–87[19]

First World War

Awarded in 1926 for services of predecessor regiments

Mesopotamia 1915–16

Second World War

North Africa 1940–43

Independent India

Jammu and Kashmir 1965, Tilkapur-Muhadipur, Punjab 1965.

President’s Standards

The Chief of Army Staff, General Dalbir Singh presenting the President's 'Standard' to 18 Cavalry, in Amritsar on 7 March 2016

The

guidon to the regiment at Amritsar on 26 March 1980.[citation needed
]

On 7 March 2016, the regiment was presented the President's Standards at Amritsar by General Dalbir Singh, Chief of the Army Staff, on behalf of the President of India, Mr Pranab Mukherjee.[2][20]

Equipment

The regiment shed its horses and was converted to a motorised cavalry regiment equipped with anti-tank guns in 1940. This gave way to tanks in 1943 with the introduction of the Stuart tanks. They were succeeded by the Sherman tanks in 1946, the T-54s in 1966, and finally the T-72s in 1983.[9]

Regimental insiginia

The regimental insignia consists of crossed lances with pennons. Each of the pennons have scrolls with the words सत्यमेव (Satyameva) and जयते (Jayate). Satyameva Jayate translates to 'Truth alone triumphs'. The crossed lances are overlaid with the numeral '18' mounted by the Ashoka Lion Capital and a scroll at the base with the words 'Cavalry'.[21]

The motto of the regiment is साहस और सम्मान (Saahas Aur Samman), which translates to 'Courage and honour'.[citation needed]

Notable personnel

References

  1. ^ "Gazette of India, No 44" (PDF). eGazette.gov.in. 3 November 2018. Retrieved 12 January 2021.
  2. ^ a b Sharma, Parvesh (16 March 2016). "The COAS Presents Standard to 18 Cavalry". Sainiksamachar.nic.in. Archived from the original on 3 April 2019. Retrieved 12 January 2021.
  3. ^ "Cap badge, officer, 18th King Edward's Own Cavalry, 1930-1947". NAM.ac.uk. National Army Museum. 20 October 2013. Retrieved 5 June 2023.
  4. ^ The Indian Army List, July -1940. Defence Department, Government of India. 1940. p. 675.
  5. ^ a b "mod.nic". Archived from the original on 4 April 2008. Retrieved 6 July 2008.
  6. ^ Mackenzie (1951), p. 71
  7. ^ "Axisforam". forum.AxisHistory.com. Retrieved 6 July 2008.[unreliable source]
  8. ^ "Rothwell". Rothwell.force9.co.uk. Retrieved 6 July 2008.
  9. ^ a b "18th Cavalry 150 years commemorative stamp". istampgallery.com. Retrieved 12 January 2021.
  10. ^ The Tiger Strikes. Director of Public Relations, India Command, Government of India. 1942. p. 148.
  11. ^ The Tiger Kills. Director of Public Relations, India Command, Government of India. 1944. pp. 311–312.
  12. ^ "1965 War: A Tale of War and Three Brothers". OpenTheMagazine.com. 25 August 2015. Retrieved 12 January 2021.
  13. ^ "Nb Ris Mohammed Ayyub Khan VrC". GallantryAwards.gov.in. Retrieved 5 February 2022.
  14. ^ "Gazette of India, No 45" (PDF). eGazette.gov.in. 5 November 1966. Retrieved 12 January 2021.
  15. ^ "Nb Ris Noor Mohammad Khan, VrC". GallantryAwards.gov.in. Retrieved 5 February 2022.
  16. ^ Mills, T.F. "18th King Edward VII's Own Cavalry". Regiments.org. Archived from the original on 20 April 2007. Retrieved 16 July 2015.
  17. ^ The Indian Army List, July 1940. Defence Department, Government of India. 1940. p. 675.
  18. ^ Mills, T.F. "6th King Edward's Own Cavalry". Regiments.org. Archived from the original on 16 August 2007. Retrieved 16 July 2015.
  19. ^ Mills, T.F. "7th Hariana Lancers". Regiments.org. Archived from the original on 18 April 2007. Retrieved 16 July 2015.
  20. ^ "Army chief presents President's Standard to 18 Cavalry in Amritsar". HindustanTimes.com. Hindustan Times. 8 March 2016. Retrieved 4 November 2020.
  21. ^ "18 Cavalry regimental insignia". Bharat-Rakshak.com. Retrieved 12 January 2021.
  22. ^ "Gazette of India, No 45" (PDF). eGazette.gov.in. 5 November 1966. Retrieved 12 January 2021.
  23. ^ "India-China Standoff: Gearing up for Ladkah's winter, Indian army gets ready to meet challenges of nature". FinancialExpress.com. 7 September 2020. Retrieved 12 January 2021.
  24. ^ "Maj. Gen. Gurcharan Singh Sandhu, PVSM (Retd)". TimesOfIndia.IndiaTimes.com. The Times of India. 27 April 2011. Retrieved 12 January 2021.
  25. ^ "The 1965 Indo-Pak War: Brigadier Hari Singh Deora, AVSM". Bharat-Rakshak.com. Retrieved 12 January 2021.
  26. ^ "Ayub Khan, the war hero who became an MP". Rediff.com. 28 September 2015. Retrieved 13 January 2021.

Further reading

External links
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