1983 in science
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The year 1983 in science and technology involved many significant events, as listed below.
Anthropology
- New Zealand anthropologist Derek Freeman publishes Margaret Mead and Samoa: The Making and Unmaking of an Anthropological Myth, critical of Coming of Age in Samoa (1928) by Margaret Mead (d. 1978).
Astronomy and space science
- June 13 – Pioneer 10 passes the orbit of Neptune, becoming the first man-made object to travel beyond the major planets of the Solar System.
- September 26 – The Soyuz spacecraft, fires immediately pulling the crew safe from the vehicle, six seconds before the rocket explodes, destroying the launch complex.
Biology
- April – Kary Mullis discovers polymerase chain reaction.
- May 20 – First reports of
- June – First report of using a monoclonal antibody as a medical test.[2][3]
- July – Determination of the first sequences of type I and type II keratins and prediction of the α-helical domain structure of intermediate filament proteins.[4]
- November 3 – Michael Berridge and colleagues publish their discovery that inositol trisphosphate acts as a second messenger system in cell signaling.[5]
- December 31 – Publication of an issue of Australian Journal of Herpetology begins the Wells and Wellington affair.
Computer science
- January 1 – The ARPANET officially changes to use the Internet Protocol, creating the Internet.
- August – Specification for a Sequential Circuits) published.[6]
- September 27 – Richard Stallman announces the GNU Project.[7]
- October 25 – PC World magazine.[11]
- November 10 – Fred Cohen demonstrates a self-replicating source code which his academic adviser at the University of Southern California, Leonard Adleman, likens to a virus.[12]
- December – Yugoslav popular science magazine Galaksija releases a special (January 1984) issue, "Računari u vašoj kući", with complete instructions on how to build a full-featured home computer, Galaksija.
- The suffix automaton data structure is introduced.[13]
- The exception handlers, for general-purpose programming.
History of science
- Man and the Natural World: changing attitudes in England, 1500–1800.
Mathematics
- Daniel Gorenstein (with Richard Lyons) proves the trichotomy theorem for finite simple groups of characteristic 2 type and rank at least 4, and announces that proof of the classification of finite simple groups is complete (although that for quasithin groups has not been demonstrated at this time).[14]
Medicine
- July 25 – World's first dedicated hospital ward for HIV/AIDS patients opens at San Francisco General Hospital.[15]
Metrology
- October 21 – At the seventeenth General Conference on Weights and Measures, the length of a metre is redefined as the distance light travels in vacuum in 1/299,792,458 of a second.
Paleontology
- January – First skeleton of Angela C. Milner in 1986.[16]
Psychology
- Howard Gardner's book Frames of Mind presents his theory of multiple intelligences.
- Gísli Guðjónsson creates the Gudjonsson suggestibility scale.
Technology
- April – 3D printing patents are filed by Alain Le Mehaute, Olivier de Witte and Jean Claude André in France and by Chuck Hull in the United States.
Organizations
Awards
- Nobel Prizes
- Ken Thompson, Dennis Ritchie
Births
Deaths
- February 27 – astrophysicist (b. 1908)
- March 18 – Ivan Vinogradov, Russian mathematician (b. 1891)
- April 15 – Vera Faddeeva, Russian mathematician (b. 1906)
- May 22 – Albert Claude, Belgian biologist, co-recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1974 (b. 1898)
- August 2 – Edmund Jaeger, American naturalist (b. 1887)
- October 7 – George O. Abell, American astronomer (b. 1927)
- October 19 – Dorothy Stuart Russell, Australian-born British pathologist (b. 1895)
- October 24 – Elie Carafoli, Romanian aeronautical engineer (b. 1901)
- October 26 – logician and mathematician (b. 1901)
- December 6 – Bruce Irons, English-born engineer and mathematician (b. 1924; suicide)
References
- S2CID 390173.
- ^ Greener, Mark (2005). "MAbs Turn 30". The Scientist. 19 (3): 14–16.
- PMID 6602293.
- S2CID 21490380.
- S2CID 4359904.
- ^ Chadabe, Joel (May 1, 2000). "The Electronic Century, Part IV: The Seeds of the Future". Electronic Musician. 16 (5). Penton Media. Archived from the original on September 28, 2012. Retrieved November 28, 2012.
- newsgroups.
- ISBN 978-0-9689108-0-1. Retrieved November 7, 2010.
- ^ "Microsoft Office online, Getting to know you...again: The Ribbon". Archived from the original on May 11, 2011. Retrieved June 8, 2011.
- ^ "The history of branding, Microsoft history". Archived from the original on May 28, 2009. Retrieved June 8, 2011.
- ^ Pollack, Andrew (August 25, 1983). "Computerizing Magazines". The New York Times. Archived from the original on May 12, 2011. Retrieved June 8, 2011.
- ^ Zetter, Kim (November 10, 2009). "This Day in Tech – Nov. 10, 1983: Computer 'Virus' Is Born". Wired. Retrieved January 28, 2012.
- )
- MR 0746470.
- ^ "About". UCSF. Retrieved June 10, 2020.
- S2CID 4343514.
- ^ Chang, Kenneth (July 5, 2022). "Fields Medals in Mathematics Won by Four Under Age 40". The New York Times. Archived from the original on July 5, 2022. Retrieved July 5, 2022.