Abdülhak Hâmid Tarhan
Abdülhak Hâmid Tarhan | |
---|---|
Born | Abdülhak Hâmid January 2, 1852 |
Died | April 12, 1937 | (aged 85)
Nationality | Turkish |
Occupation(s) | Playwright, poet |
Abdülhak Hâmid Tarhan (born Abdülhak Hâmid; January 2, 1852 – April 12, 1937)[1][2] was an early 20th-century Ottoman playwright and poet. He was one of the leading lights of the Turkish Romantic period. He is known in Turkish literature as "Şair-i Azam" (The Grand Poet) and "Dahi-i Azam" (The Grand Genius).
Early years
Abdülhak Hâmid Tarhan was born Abdülhak Hâmid on January 2, 1852, in
Professional life
After he came in contact with prominent literary personalities, Abdulhak Hâmid wrote his first prose Macera-yı Aşk (Love Affair) depicting his memoirs in Tehran. In 1871, he married Fatma.
Entered the service of foreign affairs, he was appointed in 1876 to the Ottoman Embassy in Paris,[2] where he had the opportunity to learn the French literature.
In 1878, his first brush with controversy occurred on the publishing of his play Nesteren in Paris. It depicted a rebellion against a tyrannical ruler, and the actual ruler of Turkey at that time, Sultan Abdul Hamid II was so upset by it that he had the playwright fired from his government job.
He was appointed in 1881 to
Because of his work "Zeynep", he was suspended of service at the Embassy in London and forced to return home. Only after his promise not to write anymore, he was allowed to return his post in London. He made his second marriage with a British woman Nelly. After two service years in The Hague in the Netherlands, he was appointed back to London. Abdulhak Hâmid returned to Turkey in 1900 due to illness of his wife. In 1906, he was sent to the Embassy in Brussels, Belgium.
In 1908, he became a member of the Turkish Senate.[2] He lost his wife Nelly in 1911, and made later his third marriage with the Belgian Lucienne.
Abdulhak Hâmid had to return to Turkey after his deposing by the cabinet during the
Abdulhak Hâmid Tarhan died on April 12, 1937, and was laid to rest in the Zincirlikuyu Cemetery in Istanbul, with a national funeral.[2]
Works
He was influenced by Tanzimat and also Namık Kemal, and in general, French writing. The loss of his wife was a key point in his life as he wrote and dedicated many pieces involving her, such as Makber.[2] He leaves behind a legacy of western influences on the evolving Turkish literature scene and was considered one of the greatest Turkish romantics.[2]
Poetry
- Sahra (The Desert, 1879)
- Makber (The Grave, 1885)[2]
- Ölü (The Corpse, 1885)
- Hacle (1886)
- Bunlar Odur (These are Her, 1885)
- Divaneliklerim Yahut Belde (My Madness or the Town, 1885)
- Bir Sefirenin Hasbihali (Chat With an Ambassadress, 1886)
- Bala'dan Bir Ses (A Voice from Bala, 1912)
- Validem (My Mother, 1913)
- İlham-ı Vatan (Inspiration of the Motherland, 1916)
- Tayflar Geçidi (The Parade of Spectrums, 1917)
- Ruhlar (The Spirits, 1922)
- Garam (My Passion, 1923).
Plays
- Macera-yı Aşk (Love Affair, prose, 1873; in verse, 1910)
- Sabr-u Sebat (Perseverance in Patience, 1875, staged at İstanbul City Theatres in 1961)
- İçli Kız (The Oversensitive Girl, 1875)
- Duhter-i Hindu (The Girl of India, 1876)
- Nazife (Nazife, 1876, together with Abdüllahü's-Sağir, 1917)
- Nesteren (Dog Rose, 1878)
- Tarık Yahut Endülüs'ün Fethi (Tarık Or The Conquest Of Spain, 1879, simplified by Sadi Irmak and Behçet Kemal Çağlar, staged at İstanbul City Theatres, 1962)[2]
- Tezer Yahut Abdurrahman-ı Salis (Tezer or Abdurrahman III., 1880)
- Eşber (Eşber, 1880)
- Zeynep (Zeynep, 1908)
- İlhan (İlhan, 1913)
- Liberte (Freedom, 1913)
- Finten (Finten, 1887)[2]
- İbn-i Musa Yahut Zadülcemal (İbn-i Musa or Zadülcemal, 1917)[2]
- Sardanapal (Sardanapal, 1917)
- Abdüllahi's Sağir (Little Abdullah, 1917)
- Yadigar-ı Harb (The Souvenir of The War, 1917)
- Hakan (1935)
- Cünun-ı Aşk (Insanity Of Love, serial, not published, 1917)
- Kanuni'nin Vicdan Azabı (Remorse of Suleyman The Magnificent, 1937, not published).
İnci Enginün translated his plays into modern Turkish, published in seven volumes (1998–2002).
Other works
- Mektuplar (Letters, collected by Süleyman Nazif, two volumes, 1916)
- Hatırat (Memories, serials in the newspapers İkdam and Vakit, 1924–25)
- Yusuf Mardin wrote about the years Abdulhak Hamit spent in London in a novel and published it under the name of Abdulhak Hamit'in Londrası (Abdulhak Hamit's London)
See also
References
- ^ Some sources state Feb 2,1852
- ^ ISBN 978-1-59339-837-8.
- Christophe Lamfalussy, Des lecteurs de La Libre lèvent le voile sur la mystérieuse “Lucienne” [Maria Sacré], dans l'ombre du "Shakespeare turc", La Libre, 23 août 2023, on line.
External links
- Bio at Osmanli700.gen.tr
- Biography (in Turkish)